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Saint-Barthélemy Mutiny
The Saint-Barthélemy Mutiny was a mutiny against Swedish rule on the then Swedish controlled Saint Barthélemy by the Gustavian Militia. Background Acquisition of Saint-Barthélemy Gustav III had always wanted a Swedish base in the New World, which he finally acquired in a treaty with the French King, Louis XVI on July 1 1784. Unfortunately for the Swedes, the island had little to offer, with a population of only 739-950 when the ship ''Enighet'' arrived in 30 January 1785'','' The island also lacked clean drinking water and had little fertile ground. Establishment as a free port In 1786, the Swedes made a significant policy change, being the classification of the newly settled Gustavia as a free port. It was modelled after Dutch and Danish predecessors in the region.Wilson, V. (2013). Saint Barthélemy as a Caribbean free port, 1784 – 1820. Åbo Akademi University These predecessors had seen success before, especially during international conflicts, leading to a Swed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Barthélemy, officially the Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy, also known as St. Barts (English) or St. Barth (French), is an overseas collectivity of France in the Caribbean. The island lies about southeast of the island of Saint Martin (island), Saint Martin; it is northeast of the Dutch islands of Saba (island), Saba and Sint Eustatius, as well as north of the independent country of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Saint Barthélemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. In 2003 the island voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe to form a separate overseas collectivity (, abbreviated to ) of France. The collectivity is one of four territories among the Leeward Islands in the northeastern Caribbean that make up the French West Indies, along with Collectivity of Saint Martin, Saint Martin, Guadeloupe ( southeast) and Martinique. A volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Fredrik Bagge Af Söderby
Carl Fredrik Bagge af Söderby (October 23, 1750 – December 31, 1828) was a Swedish military officer and colonial administrator who served as governor of Saint Barthélemy from 1790 to 1795, the only Swedish colony at the time. Biography Bagge was born in Järpås, Västergötland, to Jean Georg Bagge af Söderby, an army major, and his wife Maria Sofia Juliana (née Friedenreich). The family belonged to the untitled nobility. He travelled with an East Indiaman as a non-commissioned officer to Guangzhou in 1765–66. He was later promoted to lieutenant of the Admiralty in 1773 and awarded the Order of the Sword in 1783. In 1786, Bagge first arrived in Saint Barthélemy on the merchant brig ''Antonetta'' and was soon appointed harbour master by governor Rajalin. At this time, he had also attained the rank of captain of the Admiralty. Governor of Saint Barthélemy Bagge was appointed governor on 3 February 1790 and formally took up his duties on 6 June the same year. He bou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1810
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family roles of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellions In Sweden
Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a portion of a state. A rebellion is often caused by political, religious, or social grievances that originate from a perceived inequality or marginalization. ''Rebellion'' comes from Latin ''re'' and ''bellum'', and in Lockian philosophy refers to the responsibility of the people to overthrow unjust government. Classification Uprisings which revolt, resisting and taking direct action against an authority, law or policy, as well as organize, are rebellions. An insurrection is an uprising to change the government. If a government does not recognize rebels as belligerents, then they are insurgents and the revolt is an insurgency. In a larger conflict, the rebels may be recognized as belligerents without their government being recognized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wars Involving Sweden
War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organized groups. It is generally characterized by widespread violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. ''Warfare'' refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general. Total war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant suffering and casualties. Etymology The English word ''war'' derives from the 11th-century Old English words and , from Old French ( as in modern French), in turn from the Frankish , ultimately deriving from the Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic . The word is related to the Old Saxon , Old High German , and the modern German , meaning . History Anth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Barthélemy Affair
During the early 19th century as a consequence of the various wars that had erupted all over the world, piracy in the Caribbean saw an uptick as pirates and privateers took advantage of the situation. Located at the heart of such activities was the Swedish colony of Saint Barthélemy. With its numerous hideouts and laid-back administration, it became an important hub for piracy in the region. However, after the island's governor, Johan Jean Norderling, had received strong criticism for allowing such activities, he took additional measures to clamp down on pirates within the island. In the following few months, Norderling had captured numerous pirate ships with his makeshift fleet. However, due to an incident with a French fleet during the capture of a pirate ship, the two parts came into conflict. The French blockaded the colony but hostilities remained short-lived as higher ranking French generals made peace with the Swedes. In the end, several pirates would be tried and their s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lund University
Lund University () is a Public university, public research university in Sweden and one of Northern Europe's oldest universities. The university is located in the city of Lund in the Swedish province of Scania. The university was officially founded in 1666 on the location of the old ''studium generale'' next to Lund Cathedral. Lund University has nine Faculty (division), faculties, with additional campuses in the cities of Malmö and Helsingborg, with around 47,000 students in 241 different programmes and 1,450 freestanding courses. The university has 560 partner universities in approximately 70 countries. It belongs to the League of European Research Universities as well as the global Universitas 21 network. Among those associated with the university are five Nobel Prize winners, a Fields Medal winner, prime ministers and business leaders. Two major facilities for materials research have been recent strategic priorities in Lund: MAX IV, a synchrotron radiation laboratory – in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salomon Von Rajalin
Baron Salomon Maurits von Rajalin (25 August 1757 – 23 September 1825) was a Swedish Navy admiral and civil servant. Early life Rajalin was born on 25 August 1757 in Karlskrona, Sweden, the son of the governor of Blekinge County Johan von Rajalin (who was titled Baron ( ''friherre'') from 1771) and his wife Barbara Eleonora von Gertten. Career Appointed at the age of sixteen to acting sub-lieutenant in the Fleet of the Army, Rajalin served 1780–82 as an employee of the French Navy. After having returned to Sweden, he quickly rose through the ranks and became, since the Caribbean island of Saint Barthélemy in 1784 came into Swedish possession, in 1785 the first Swedish governor there. From there he was transferred in 1787 to the governor location on Gotland and held that post for 20 years, during which he however long periods of time held different positions of trust. He was during the Russo-Swedish War 1788–90 military commander of the Archipelago fleet and excelled p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stockholm University
Stockholm University (SU) () is a public university, public research university in Stockholm, Sweden, founded as a college in 1878, with university status since 1960. With over 33,000 students at four different faculties: law, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, it is one of the largest universities in Scandinavia. Stockholm University was granted university status in 1960, making it the fourth oldest List of universities in Sweden, Swedish university. As with other public universities in Sweden, Stockholm University's mission includes teaching and research anchored in society at large. History The initiative for the formation of Stockholm University was taken by the Stockholm City Council. The process was completed after a decision in December 1865 regarding the establishment of a fund and a committee to "establish a higher education institution in the capital".Thomasson, Carl-Gustaf, Stockholms högskolas matrikel 1878–1887. Stockholm 1969, sid. 52 The nine m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gout
Gout ( ) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and Joint effusion, swollen joint, caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. Pain typically comes on rapidly, reaching maximal intensity in less than 12 hours. The Metatarsophalangeal joint, joint at the base of the Hallux, big toe is affected (''Podagra'') in about half of cases. It may also result in Tophus, tophi, kidney stones, or Urate nephropathy, kidney damage. Gout is due to persistently elevated levels of uric acid (urate) in the blood (hyperuricemia). This occurs from a combination of diet, other health problems, and genetic factors. At high levels, uric acid crystallizes and the crystals deposit in joints, tendons, and surrounding tissues, resulting in an attack of gout. Gout occurs more commonly in those who regularly drink beer or sugar-sweetened beverages; eat foods that are high in purines such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Economic Zone
A free-trade zone (FTZ) is a class of special economic zone. It is a geographic area where goods may be imported, stored, handled, manufactured, or reconfigured and re- exported under specific customs regulation and generally not subject to customs duty. Free trade zones are generally organized around major seaports, international airports, and national frontiers—areas with many geographic advantages for trade. Definition The World Bank defines free trade zones as "small, fenced-in, duty-free areas, offering warehousing, storage, and distribution facilities for trade, transshipment, and re-export operations". Free-trade zones can also be defined as labor-intensive manufacturing centers that involve the import of raw materials or components and the export of factory products, but this is a dated definition as more and more free-trade zones focus on service industries such as software, back-office operations, research, and financial services. Synonyms Free-t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Colony Of Saint Barthélemy
The Swedish colony of Saint Barthélemy existed for nearly a century. In 1784, one of French king Louis XVI's ministers ceded Saint Barthélemy to Sweden in exchange for trading rights in the Swedish port of Gothenburg. Swedish rule lasted until 1878 when the French repurchased the island. Background Following problems experienced by early French settlers, Saint Barthélemy was successfully colonized by French mariners in 1763. Attracted by the island's prosperity during the American Revolutionary War, Gustav III of Sweden agreed to exchange French trading rights in Gothenburg against Swedish colonization of the island. In addition to its fresh water sources, the island produced moderate amounts of cotton, sugar, cocoa, tobacco and fruits while it promised substantial revenue from trade through its natural harbour on the island's west coast. On 1 July 1784, the island became a Swedish possession. The king informed Sweden's privy council of the acquisition on 23 August. On 1 S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
