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Safeguard Defenders
Safeguard Defenders is a not-for profit human rights organization that monitors disappearances in China. Co-founded by Michael Caster and Peter Dahlin in June 2019 in Madrid, Spain, it operates as a private foundation. History In 2009, activists Peter Dahlin and Michael Caster, from Sweden and the United States respectively, founded China Action, a non-governmental organization (NGO) with a mission of promoting human rights in China. After some years of low profile activity, the foundation was re-established in Madrid under the name Safeguard Defenders, with a wider scope of work spanning across Asia while being specialized in documenting and combatting transnational repression by China. Research In October 2022, Safeguard Defenders published a report on China's Ministry of Public Security's clandestine police stations around the world. Reception In November 2022, NewsGuard reported that a pro-Chinese government disinformation campaign on Twitter had been launched agains ...
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Madrid
Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its wikt:monocentric, monocentric Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area is the List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, second-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the Manzanares (river), River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula at about above mean sea level. The capital city of both Spain and the surrounding Community of Madrid, autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also th ...
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Ministry Of Public Security (China)
The Ministry of Public Security (MPS, zh , c = , p = Gōng'ānbù ) is the primary law enforcement agency of the China, People's Republic of China. It oversees more than 1.9 million of the country's law enforcement officers and as such the vast majority of the People's Police (China), People's Police. While the MPS is a nationwide police force, conducting counterintelligence and maintaining the political security of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) are also core functions. The ministry employs a system of Public security bureau (China), public security bureaus throughout the provinces, cities, municipalities and townships of China. The Special administrative regions of China, special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau maintain nominally separate police forces. The ministry is headed by the Minister of Public Security (China), minister of public security. Wang Xiaohong has been the minister in charge since June 2022. History The Ministry of Public Security was am ...
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2016 Establishments In The Community Of Madrid
Sixteen or 16 may refer to: *16 (number) *one of the years 16 BC, AD 16, 1916, 2016 Films * ''Pathinaaru'' or ''Sixteen'', a 2010 Tamil film * ''Sixteen'' (1943 film), a 1943 Argentine film directed by Carlos Hugo Christensen * ''Sixteen'' (2013 Indian film), a 2013 Hindi film * ''Sixteen'' (2013 British film), a 2013 British film by director Rob Brown Music *The Sixteen, an English choir *16 (band), a sludge metal band * Sixteen (Polish band), a Polish band Albums * ''16'' (Robin album), a 2014 album by Robin * 16 (Madhouse album), a 1987 album by Madhouse * ''Sixteen'' (album), a 1983 album by Stacy Lattisaw *''Sixteen'' , a 2005 album by Shook Ones * ''16'', a 2020 album by Wejdene Songs * "16" (Sneaky Sound System song), 2009 * "Sixteen" (Thomas Rhett song), 2017 * "Sixteen" (Ellie Goulding song), 2019 *"Six7een", by Hori7on, 2023 *"16", by Craig David from ''Following My Intuition'', 2016 *"16", by Green Day from ''39/Smooth'', 1990 *"16", by Highly Suspect from ''MCI ...
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Foundations Based In Spain
Foundation(s) or The Foundation(s) may refer to: Common uses * Foundation (cosmetics), a skin-coloured makeup cream applied to the face * Foundation (engineering), the element of a structure which connects it to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the ground * Foundation (evidence), a legal term * Foundation (nonprofit), a type of charitable organization ** Foundation (United States law), a type of charitable organization in the U.S. ** Private foundation, a charitable organization that might not qualify as a public charity by government standards Arts, entertainment, and media Film and TV * ''The Foundation'', a film about 1960s-1970s Aboriginal history in Sydney, featuring Gary Foley * ''The Foundation'' (1984 TV series), a Hong Kong series * ''The Foundation'' (Canadian TV series), a 2009–2010 Canadian sitcom * "The Foundation" (''Seinfeld''), an episode * ''Foundation'' (TV series), an Apple TV+ series adapted from Isaac Asimov's novels Games * ...
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Forced Confession
A forced confession is a confession obtained from a suspect or a prisoner by means of torture (including enhanced interrogation techniques) or other forms of duress. Depending on the level of coercion used, a forced confession is not valid in revealing the truth. The individuals being interrogated may agree to the story presented to them or even make up falsehoods themselves in order to satisfy the interrogator and discontinue their suffering. For centuries the Latin phrase "''Confessio est regina probationum''" (in English language, English: "Confession is the queen of evidence") justified the use of forced confession in the European legal system. During the Middle Ages, acquiring a confession prior to a trial was especially important. The methods used to acquire a confession were considered less important than the actual confession itself, thus de facto sanctioning torture and forced confessions. By the late 18th century, most scholars and lawyers thought of the forced confess ...
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Axios (website)
''Axios'' (styled ΛXIOS in the logo) is an American news website based in Arlington, Virginia. It was founded in 2016 and launched the following year by former ''Politico'' journalists Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz. The site's name is based on the (), meaning "worthy of". ''Axios'' articles are often brief to facilitate quick reading; most are shorter than 300 words and use bullet points. In addition to news articles, ''Axios'' produces daily and weekly industry-specific newsletters (including Allen's ''Axios AM'', a successor to his newsletter '' Politico Playbook'' for ''Politico''), and two daily podcasts. On September 1, 2022, Cox Enterprises completed its acquisition of ''Axios''. History VandeHei said he wanted ''Axios'' to be a "mix between ''The Economist'' and Twitter". The company initially covered a mix of business, politics, technology, health care, and media. VandeHei said ''Axios'' would focus on the "collision between tech and areas such as ...
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Twitter
Twitter, officially known as X since 2023, is an American microblogging and social networking service. It is one of the world's largest social media platforms and one of the most-visited websites. Users can share short text messages, images, and videos in Microblogging, short posts commonly known as "Tweet (social media), tweets" (officially "posts") and Like button, like other users' content. The platform also includes direct message, direct messaging, video and audio calling, bookmarks, lists, communities, a chatbot (Grok (chatbot), Grok), job search, and Spaces, a social audio feature. Users can vote on context added by approved users using the Community Notes feature. Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams (Internet entrepreneur), Evan Williams, and was launched in July of that year. Twitter grew quickly; by 2012 more than 100 million users produced 340 million daily tweets. Twitter, Inc., was based in San Francisco, C ...
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Disinformation
Disinformation is misleading content deliberately spread to deceive people, or to secure economic or political gain and which may cause public harm. Disinformation is an orchestrated adversarial activity in which actors employ strategic deceptions and media manipulation tactics to advance political, military, or commercial goals. Disinformation is implemented through coordinated campaigns that "weaponize multiple rhetorical strategies and forms of knowing—including not only falsehoods but also truths, half-truths, and value judgements—to exploit and amplify culture wars and other identity-driven controversies." In contrast, ''misinformation'' refers to inaccuracies that stem from inadvertent error. Misinformation can be used to create disinformation when known misinformation is purposefully and intentionally disseminated. " Fake news" has sometimes been categorized as a type of disinformation, but scholars have advised not using these two terms interchangeably or us ...
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Government Of China
The government of the People's Republic of China is based on a system of people's congress within the parameters of a unitary communist state, in which the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enacts its policies through people's congresses. This system is based on the principle of unified state power, in which the legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC), is constitutionally enshrined as "the highest state organ of power." As China's political system has no separation of powers, there is only one branch of government which is represented by the legislature. The CCP through the NPC enacts unified leadership, which requires that all state organs, from the Supreme People's Court to the State Council of China, are elected by, answerable to, and have no separate powers than those granted to them by the NPC. By law, all elections at all levels must adhere to the leadership of the CCP. The CCP controls appointments in all state bodies through a two-thirds majority in t ...
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NewsGuard
NewsGuard is a rating system for news and information websites. It is accessible via browser extensions and mobile apps. It rates publishers based on whether they have transparent finances or publish many errors, among other criteria. NewsGuard Technologies Inc., the company behind the tool, also provides services such as misinformation tracking and brand safety for advertisers, search engines, social media platforms, cybersecurity firms, and government agencies. History NewsGuard Technologies was founded in 2018 by Steven Brill and L. Gordon Crovitz, who serve as co-CEOs. Crovitz was a former publisher of ''The Wall Street Journal''. In 2018, Joyce Purnick, former bureau chief and editor at ''The New York Times'', and Amy Westfeldt, an editor with the Associated Press for 25 years, joined Newsguard. In April 2019, the co-founders of NewsGuard announced that they had entered talks with British internet service providers to incorporate their credibility scoring system into c ...
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La Vanguardia
' (; , ) is a Spanish daily newspaper founded in 1881. It is printed in Spanish and, since 3 May 2011, also in Catalan. It has its headquarters in Barcelona and is Catalonia's leading newspaper. Despite being mostly distributed in Catalonia, ' is Spain's fourth-highest circulation among general-interest newspapers, trailing only the three main Madrid-based ones – ', ' and '' ABC'' – all of which are national newspapers with offices and local editions throughout the country. The newspaper's editorial line leans to the centre of politics and is moderate in its opinions, but Francoist Spain, it followed Francoist ideology. It retains Catholic sensibilities and strong ties to the Spanish nobility through the Godó family. History and profile Beginnings On 1 February 1881 in Barcelona, two businessmen from Igualada, Carlos and Bartolomé Godó, first published the paper. It was defined as a ''Diario político de avisos y notícias'' (Political Newspaper of Announcements and ...
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ABC (newspaper)
''ABC'' () is a Spanish national daily newspaper. Along with and , it is one of Spain's three newspapers of record. History and profile ''ABC'' was first published in Madrid on 1 January 1903 by Torcuato Luca de Tena y Álvarez-Ossorio. The founding publishing house was Prensa Española, which was led by the founder of the paper, Luca de Tena. The paper started as a weekly newspaper, turning daily in June 1905. In 1928 ABC had two editions, one for Madrid and the other for Seville. The latter was named ''ABC de Sevilla''. On 20 July 1936, shortly after the Spanish Civil War began, ''ABC'' in Madrid was seized by the republican government, which changed the paper's politics to support the Republicans. The same year '' Blanco y Negro'', a magazine, became its supplement. The ''ABC'' printed in Seville was supportive of the Nationalists. In 1939 ''ABC'' in Madrid was given back to its original owners by Francisco Franco. During this period the paper was one of two major dai ...
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