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SIL
SIL, Sil and sil may refer to: Organizations * Servis Industries Limited, Pakistan * Smithsonian Institution Libraries * SIL International, formerly Summer Institute of Linguistics * Apex Silver Mines (former American Stock Exchange ticker symbol) * Societas Internationalis Limnologiae, now International Society of Limnology * Society for Individual Liberty * Scooters India Limited Science and technology * Solid immersion lens for microscope * Standard Interchange Language, for information exchange between software * Software-in-the-Loop, in software testing; see Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems * STIL or SIL, a human gene * Surge impedance loading of electrical transmission lines * Squamous intraepithelial lesion * Safety Integrity Level of a safety function * Speech Interference Level, an acoustical parameter * SIL Open Font License Fiction * Sil (Doctor Who), a villain in the TV series * Sil, a character in the film '' Species'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL International
SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, '' Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safety Integrity Level
Safety integrity level (SIL) is defined as the relative level of risk-reduction provided by a safety function, or to specify a target level of risk reduction. In simple terms, SIL is a measurement of performance required for a safety instrumented function (SIF). The requirements for a given SIL are not consistent among all of the functional safety standards. In the functional safety standards based on the IEC 61508 standard, four SILs are defined, with SIL 4 the most dependable and SIL 1 the least. The applicable SIL is determined based on a number of quantitative factors in combination with qualitative factors such as development process and safety life cycle management. Assignment Assignment of SIL is an exercise in risk analysis where the risk associated with a specific hazard, that is intended to be protected against by a SIF, is calculated without the beneficial risk reduction effect of the SIF. That unmitigated risk is then compared against a tolerable risk target. The di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society For Individual Liberty
Liberty International (the new public name of the International Society for Individual Liberty, Inc. or ISIL) is a non-profit, libertarian educational and networking organization based near Austin, Texas. It encourages activism in libertarian and individual rights areas by the 'freely chosen strategies' of its members. Its history dates back to 1969 as the Society for Individual Liberty, founded by Don Ernsberger and Dave Walter. The previous name (ISIL) was adopted in 1989 after a merger with Libertarian International was coordinated by Vincent Miller, who became president of the new organization. Jacek Spendel serves as a current President with Jim Elwood as the current executive director. Board members include chair Mary Ruwart, Ken Schoolland, James Lark, David Walter, Per Bylund, Lobo Tiggre, and Jose Cordiero. The organization has members in over 80 countries. Activities Liberty International sponsors an annual conference which attract libertarian, classical liberal, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL Code
''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951, and is now published by SIL International, an American Christian non-profit organization. Overview and content ''Ethnologue'' has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas. The organization studies numerous minority languages to facilitate language development, and to work with speakers of such language communities in translating portions of the Bible into their languages. Despite the Christian orientation of its publisher, ''Ethnologue'' isn't ideologically or theologically biased. ''Ethnologue'' includes alternative names and autonyms, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL Open Font License
The SIL Open Font License (or OFL in short) is one of the major open font licenses, which allows embedding, or "bundling", of the font in commercially sold products. OFL is a free and open source license. It was created by SIL International, the organization behind '' Ethnologue.'' History The Open Font License was created by SIL International employees Victor Gaultney and Nicolas Spalinger. Gaultney had previously designed the Gentium font and was unsatisfied with existing font licenses. The Open Font License was designed for use with many of SIL's Unicode fonts, including Gentium Plus, Charis SIL, and Andika. The license was in a "public review" stage between 2005 and 2007 and version 1.1 was published in February 2007. Prior to the release of the OFL, the Bitstream Vera fonts had been released in 2003 under most of the same terms and conditions. Open-source fonts are a popular choice among designers, and most open-source fonts utilize the Open Font License. For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solid Immersion Lens
A solid immersion lens (SIL) has higher magnification and higher numerical aperture than common lenses by filling the object space with a high- refractive-index solid material. SIL was originally developed for enhancing the spatial resolution of optical microscopy. There are two types of SIL: * Hemispherical SIL: Theoretically capable of increasing the numerical aperture of an optical system by n, the index of refraction of the material of the lens. * Weierstrass SIL (''superhemispherical SIL'' or ''superSIL''): the height of the truncated sphere is (1+1/n)r, where r is the radius of the spherical surface of the lens. Theoretically capable of increasing the numerical aperture of an optical system by n^2. Applications of SIL Solid immersion lens microscopy All optical microscopes are diffraction-limited because of the wave nature of light. Current research focuses on techniques to go beyond this limit known as the Rayleigh criterion. The use of SIL can achieve spatial resolutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Smithsonian Libraries and Archives is an institutional archives and library system comprising 21 branch libraries serving the various Smithsonian Institution museums and research centers. The Libraries and Archives serve Smithsonian Institution staff as well as the scholarly community and general public with information and reference support. Its collections number nearly 3 million volumes including 50,000 rare books and manuscripts. The Libraries' collections focus primarily on science, art, history and culture, and museology. The archives include materials documenting the history of the 19 museums and galleries, the National Zoological Park, 9 research facilities, and the people of the Smithsonian. The Smithsonian Libraries and Archives is dedicated to advancing scientific and cultural understanding as well as preserving American heritage. The organization's Book Conservation Lab and other preservation efforts work to ensure long-term access to library and archival resource ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STIL
SCL-interrupting locus protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''STIL'' gene. STIL is present in many different cell types and is essential for centriole biogenesis. This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein implicated in regulation of the mitotic spindle checkpoint, a regulatory pathway that monitors chromosome segregation during cell division to ensure the proper distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells. The protein is phosphorylated in mitosis and in response to activation of the spindle checkpoint, and disappears when cells transition to G1 phase. It interacts with a mitotic regulator, and its expression is required to efficiently activate the spindle checkpoint. It is proposed to regulate Cdc2 kinase activity during spindle checkpoint arrest. Chromosomal deletions that fuse this gene and the adjacent locus commonly occur in T cell leukemias, and are thought to arise through illegitimate recombination events. Multiple transcript variants encoding different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Societas Internationalis Limnologiae
The International Society of Limnology (SIL) is an international scientific society that disseminates information among limnologists, those who study all aspects of inland waters, including their physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and management. It was founded by August Thienemann and Einar Naumann in 1922 as the International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology and Societas Internationalis Limnologiae. It had about 2.800 members in 2008. SIL celebrated its 100th anniversary at a meeting in Berlin, Germany in August 2022. SIL publishes the following scientific publications: * the journal ''Fundamental and Applied Limnology:Archiv für Hydrobiologie'' ; prior to 2007, it was called ''Archiv für Hydrobiologie''. * Communications (Mitteilungen), irregular publication. * Limnology in Developing Countries, a book series. * Congress proceedings, until 2007, published as ''Verhandlungen Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie''. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scooters India Limited
Lambretta () is the brand name of mainly motor scooters, initially manufactured in Milan, Italy, by Innocenti. The name is derived from the word Lambrate, the suburb of Milan named after the river Lambro which flows through the area, and where the factory was located. ''Lambretta'' was the name of a mythical water-sprite associated with the river which runs adjacent to the former production site. ''Motor Cycle'' 17 November 1966 p.517 ''On the Four Winds'' by ''Nitor''. Accessed 18 July 2015Scootermania: A Celebration of Style and Speed Sims, Josh at Google Books. Retrieved 18 July 2015 In 1972, the Indian g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion
A squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) is an abnormal growth of epithelial cells on the surface of the cervix, commonly called squamous cells. This condition can lead to cervical cancer, but can be diagnosed using a Pap smear or a colposcopy. It can be treated by using methods that remove the abnormal cells, allowing normal cells to grow in their place. In the Bethesda system, the cytology can be graded as LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) or HSIL The Bethesda system (TBS), officially called The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, is a system for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses, used for reporting Pap smear results. It was introduced in 1988 and revised i ... (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). References Papillomavirus-associated diseases {{pathology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surge Impedance Loading
The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a single wave propagating along the line; that is, a wave travelling in one direction in the absence of reflections in the other direction. Alternatively, and equivalently, it can be defined as the input impedance of a transmission line when its length is infinite. Characteristic impedance is determined by the geometry and materials of the transmission line and, for a uniform line, is not dependent on its length. The SI unit of characteristic impedance is the ohm. The characteristic impedance of a lossless transmission line is purely real, with no reactive component. Energy supplied by a source at one end of such a line is transmitted through the line without being dissipated in the line itself. A transmission line of finite length (lossless or lossy) that is terminated at one end with an impedance equal to the chara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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