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Richard Isaac Bruce
Richard Isaac Bruce (1840-1926) was an English colonial officer and administrator serving on India's Military history of the North-West Frontier, North West Frontier during the early period of the British Raj. He is notable as the author of ''The Forward Policy and its Results'' (1900), part mémoire and biography, part argument supporting a 'Forward Policy' espoused and practised locally by Bruce's superior, Robert Groves Sandeman. Biography Richard Isaac Bruce, born in 1840, was the sixth son of Jonathan Bruce, a descendant of the Thomas Bruce, 1st Baron of Clackmannan, Bruce family of Clackmannan and a landowner with properties in the Ballyhea area of County Cork and in County Limerick, Ireland. Like many landlords of the time, the interests of the Bruce's had been badly damaged by the Great Famine (Ireland), Great Famine, denying the youngest son the opportunity of a profession and causing him to look instead to empire service. An older brother, the Rev. Robert Bruce, was a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of The North-West Frontier
The North-West Frontier (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) was a region of the British Indian Empire. It remains the western frontier of present-day Pakistan, extending from the Pamir Knot in the north to the Koh-i-Malik Siah in the west, and separating the modern Pakistani frontier regions of North-West Frontier Province (renamed as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Balochistan from neighbouring Afghanistan in the west. The borderline between is officially known as the Durand Line and divides Pashtun inhabitants of these provinces from Pashtuns in eastern Afghanistan. The two main gateways on the North West Frontier are the Khyber and Bolan Passes. Since ancient times, the Indian subcontinent has been repeatedly invaded through these northwestern routes. With the expansion of the Russian Empire into Central Asia in the twentieth century, stability of the Frontier and control of Afghanistan became cornerstones of defensive strategy for British India. Muc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
