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Ram Languages
The Ram languages are a small group of 3 languages spoken in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. They are spoken directly to the northeast of the Yellow River languages and directly to the south of the Wapei languages, both of which are also Sepik groups. ''Ram'' is the word for 'man' in the languages that make up this group. The languages are, * Awtuw *Karawa–Pouye ** Karawa ** Pouye (Bouye) They are classified among the Sepik languages of northern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Awtuw is the best documented Ram language. Pronouns The pronouns Ross reconstructs for proto-Ram are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Laycock (1968) and Foley (2005), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database: : Referenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandaun Province
Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea. It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13868 m2) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the area surrounding the town Aitape was hit by an enormous tsunami caused by a Magnitude 7.0 earthquake which killed over 2,000 people. The five villages along the west coast of Vanimo towards the International Border are namely; Lido, Waromo, Yako, Musu and Wutung. Name Sandaun is a Tok Pisin word derived from English "sun down," since the province is located in the west of the country, where the sun sets. The province was formerly named West Sepik Province, for the Sepik River that flows through the province and forms part of the province's southern border. Physical Geography The Sandaun Province has beaches along the northern coast, as well as mountainous areas throughout the province, primarily in the southern area of the province. Sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of . At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, including nearly 60 years of Australian administration starting during World War I, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. There are 839 known languages of Papua New Guinea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sepik Languages
The Sepik or Sepik River languages are a family of some 50 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea, proposed by Donald Laycock in 1965 in a somewhat more limited form than presented here. They tend to have simple phonologies, with few consonants or vowels and usually no tones. The best known Sepik language is Iatmül. The most populous are Iatmül's fellow Ndu languages Abelam and Boiken, with about 35,000 speakers each. The Sepik languages, like their Ramu neighbors, appear to have three-vowel systems, , that distinguish only vowel height in a vertical vowel system. Phonetic are a result of palatal and labial assimilation to adjacent consonants. It is suspected that the Ndu languages may reduce this to a two-vowel system, with epenthetic (Foley 1986). Classification The Sepik languages consist of two branches of Kandru's Laycock's Sepik–Ramu proposal, the Sepik subphylum and Leonhard Schultze stock. According to Malcolm Ross, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Sepik Languages
The Upper Sepik languages are a group of ten to a dozen languages generally classified among the Sepik languages of northern Papua New Guinea. Languages The Upper Sepik languages are: NewGuineaWorld *Abau–Iwam ** ** *Yellow and Wanibe Rivers **Amal–Kalou *** *** [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karawa Language
Karawa (Bulawa) is a language spoken in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea, by decreasing number of people. Speakers are shifting to Pouye, which is closely related (67% similar lexically). It is spoken in the single village of Pulwa (Bulawa) () in East Wapei Rural LLG, Sandaun Province Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea. It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13868 m2) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the a .... References {{Sepik languages Languages of Sandaun Province Endangered Papuan languages Ram languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pouye Language
Pouye (Bouye) is a language spoken in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ..., by a thousand people, and growing. It is spoken in the seven villages of Bulawa (), Kiliauto, Komtin, Maurom (), Wokien (), Wulme, and Yukilau (), which are mostly located within East Wapei Rural LLG. A grammar of the Pouye language is published here: https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/62023 References Languages of Sandaun Province Ram languages {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awtuw Language
Awtuw (Autu), also known as Kamnum, is spoken in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. It is a polysynthetic language closely related to Karawa and Pouye. It is spoken in Galkutua, Gutaiya (), Kamnom (), Tubum (), and Wiup () villages in Kamnom East ward, East Wapei Rural LLG, Sandaun Province. It is an endangered language, being widely replaced by Tok Pisin Tok Pisin (,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student’s Handbook'', Edinburgh ; Tok Pisin ), often referred to by English speakers as "New Guinea Pidgin" or simply Pidgin, is a creole language spoken throughout Papua New Guinea. It is an .... Phonology Awtuw consonants are: Awtuw vowels are: Pronouns Pronouns are: : References * * * Whitehead, Carl R. 1992. Review of: a grammar of Awtuw, by Harry Feldman. Rosetta Project:Awtuw Swadesh List {{Sepik languages Languages of Sandaun Province Ram languages Endangered languages of Oceania Endangered Papuan languages Polysynthetic languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William A
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow River Languages
The Yellow River languages are a small family of clearly related languages, : Namia (Namie), Ak, and Awun. They are classified among the Sepik languages of northern Papua New Guinea. Namia is the most divergent Yellow River language. Distribution They are spoken along the Yellow River (a tributary of the Sepik) in a mountainous area of central Sandaun Province, located to the north of the Upper Sepik The Sepik () is the longest river on the island of New Guinea, and the second largest in Oceania by discharge volume after the Fly River. The majority of the river flows through the Papua New Guinea (PNG) provinces of Sandaun (formerly West Se ... basin. They are located directly to the southwest of the Ram languages, another Sepik group. Pronouns The pronouns Ross reconstructs for proto–Yellow River are:Ross (2005) : References * {{Sepik languages Yellow–Wanibe languages Languages of Sandaun Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wapei Languages
The Wapei languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli language family according to Laycock (1975) (quoted from Foley 2018). Glottolog does not accept this grouping. They are spoken in mountainous regions of eastern Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages Languages are: *Alu–Galu: Alu, Sinagen *A.O.E: Olo, Elkei, Au *Yau–Yis: Yis, Yau *Ningil–Yil: Yil, Ningil *West Palai erhaps Palei languages Yeri (Yapunda), Walman Gnau The card game ''Gnau'' or ''Ngau'' or "Ngao" (British Chinese) meaning Ox in English ({{zh, c=牛; Cantonese: Ngau) is a card game played in Malaysia where it originated. It can be played casually or as a gambling game. It can be played with as ma ... may also belong here. Pronouns Pronouns in Wapei languages are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Laycock (1968), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database: : References * {{Torricelli languages Torricelli Range languages Languages of San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donald Laycock
Donald Laycock (1936–1988) was an Australian linguist and anthropologist. He is best remembered for his work on the languages of Papua New Guinea. Biography He was a graduate of University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia and later worked as a researcher at the University of Adelaide in Anthropology. He undertook his Ph.D. at the Australian National University in linguistics and became one among the leading authorities on the languages of Papua New Guinea.Dutton, T., Ross, M. and Tryon, D. (eds.). 1992. ''The Language Game: Papers in memory of Donald C. Laycock''. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. He performed several pioneering surveys of the languages of the Sepik region of New Guinea. The first of these, his Ph.D. research under the supervision of Stephen Wurm, was published as ''The Ndu languages'' (1965), and established the existence of this closely related group of languages. In subsequent surveys, Laycock found the Ndu languages were part of a larger language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oceanic Linguistics
''Oceanic Linguistics'' is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on the indigenous languages of the Oceanic area and parts of Southeast Asia, including the indigenous Australian languages, the Papuan languages of New Guinea, and the languages of the Austronesian (or Malayo-Polynesian) family. Monographs on the same languages are published as'' Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications''. History The journal was established in 1962 by George W. Grace (Southern Illinois University, later University of Hawaii). It has been published by the University of Hawaii Press since 1966 (vol. 5). In 1992, the editorship passed to Byron W. Bender (University of Hawaii) and in 2007 it passed to John Lynch ( University of the South Pacific). In 2019, he was succeeded by Daniel Kaufman, Yuko Otsuka, and Antoinette Schapper. The journal's first electronic edition appeared in 2000 on Project MUSE Project MUSE, a non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
