|
Rūsiņš Mārtiņš Freivalds
Rūsiņš Mārtiņš Freivalds (10 November 1942 – 4 January 2016) was a Latvian computer scientist and mathematician. He was celebrated for founding ultrametric algorithms and for fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, probabilistic algorithms, inductive inference, and quantum computing. He is best known for Freivalds' algorithm, a simple randomized procedure to check matrix multiplication in less time than recomputing it. He was a member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences from 1992. He also taught at the University of Latvia, with students including Daina Taimiņa and Andris Ambainis. He was born in Cesvaine and studied at Moscow State University (MSU). Early life and education Freivalds was born in Cesvaine, then under German occupation, and grew up in the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic. He studied physics and mathematics at the Peteris Stučka Latvian State University, graduating in 1965 at its Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. Academic career Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cesvaine
Cesvaine () () is a town in Madona Municipality, Vidzeme Region, Latvia. It is home to the Cesvaine Palace, built in 1896 near the ruins of previous medieval castles. History During the period before the Livonian Crusade in the 13th century, the territory of modern Cesvaine was part of the Principality of Jersika and was inhabited by ancient Latgalians. It was first mentioned in written sources in 1209 (Latin: Urbs Zcessowe) in the treaty between bishop Albert of Riga and Visvaldis of Jersika. In 1211 the Bishopric of Riga and the Livonian Brothers of Sword partitioned the lands of Jersika between themselves. The territory of Cesvaine fell under the control of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, however in 1213 some of the lands were exchanged and Cesvaine became property of the Bishop of Riga. In the beginning of the 15th century, a stone castle was built in Cesvaine and the settlement started to grow. By the end of the 16th century there were already 80 houses in Cesvaine. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andris Ambainis
Andris Ambainis (born 18 January 1975) is a Latvian computer scientist active in the fields of quantum information theory and quantum computing. Education and career Ambainis has held past positions at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, New Jersey and the Institute for Quantum Computing at the University of Waterloo. He is currently a professor in the Faculty of Computing at the University of Latvia. He received a Bachelors (1996), Masters (1997), and Doctorate (1997) in Computer Science from the University of Latvia, as well as a PhD (2001) from the University of California, Berkeley.Andris Ambainis' page at the . Contributions ...
|
1942 Births
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was the deadliest such year. Death toll estimates for both 1941 and 1942 range from 2.28 to 7.71 million each. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in which they agree "not to make any separate peace with the Axis powers". * January 5 – WWII: Two prisoners, British officer Airey Neave and Dutch officer Anthony Luteyn, escape from Colditz Castle in Germany. After travelling for three days, they reach the Swiss border. * January 7 – WWII: ** Battle of Slim River: Japanese forces of the 5th Division (Imperial Japanese Army), 5th Division, sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lance Fortnow
Lance Jeremy Fortnow (born August 15, 1963) is a computer scientist known for major results in Computational complexity theory, computational complexity and interactive proof systems. Since 2019, he has been at the Illinois Institute of Technology, where he is currently the Dean of the College of Computing. Biography Lance Fortnow received a doctorate in applied mathematics from MIT in 1989, supervised by Michael Sipser. Since graduation, he has been on the faculty of the University of Chicago (1989–1999, 2003–2007), Northwestern University (2008–2012) and the Georgia Institute of Technology (2012–2019) as chair of the Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computer Science, School of Computer Science. From 1999-2003 he was a Senior Research Scientist at the NEC Research Institute. Fortnow was the founding editor-in-chief of the journal ''ACM Transactions on Computation Theory'' in 2009. He was the chair of ACM SIGACT and succeeded by Paul Beame. He was the chair of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heart Attack
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when Ischemia, blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is retrosternal Angina, chest pain or discomfort that classically radiates to the left shoulder, arm, or jaw. The pain may occasionally feel like heartburn. This is the dangerous type of acute coronary syndrome. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, presyncope, feeling faint, a diaphoresis, cold sweat, Fatigue, feeling tired, and decreased level of consciousness. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms. Women more often present without chest pain and instead have neck pain, arm pain or feel tired. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an Cardiac arrhythmia, irregular heartbeat, cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. Most MIs occur d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Informatics
Informatics is the study of computational systems. According to the Association for Computing Machinery, ACM Europe Council and Informatics Europe, informatics is synonymous with computer science and computing as a profession, in which the central notion is Data processing, transformation of information. In some cases, the term "informatics" may also be used with different meanings, e.g., in the context of social computing or library science. Different meanings In some countries, depending on local interpretations and contexts, the term "informatics" is used synonymously to mean information systems, information science, information theory, information engineering, information technology, information processing, or other theoretical or practical fields. In Germany, the term ''informatics'' closely corresponds to modern computer science. Accordingly, universities in continental Europe usually translate "informatics" as computer science, or sometimes information and computer sci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedagogy
Pedagogy (), most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political, and psychological development of learners. Pedagogy, taken as an academic discipline, is the study of how knowledge and skills are imparted in an educational context, and it considers the interactions that take place during learning. Both the theory and practice of pedagogy vary greatly as they reflect different social, political, and cultural contexts. Pedagogy is often described as the act of teaching. The pedagogy adopted by teachers shapes their actions, judgments, and teaching strategies by taking into consideration theories of learning, understandings of students and their needs, and the backgrounds and interests of individual students. Its aims may range from furthering liberal education (the general development of human potential) to the narrower specifics of vocational education (the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Science
Natural science or empirical science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such as peer review and reproducibility of findings are used to try to ensure the validity of scientific advances. Natural science can be divided into two main branches: list of life sciences, life science and Outline of physical science, physical science. Life science is alternatively known as biology. Physical science is subdivided into branches: physics, astronomy, Earth science and chemistry. These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as fields). As empirical sciences, natural sciences use tools from the formal sciences, such as mathematics and logic, converting information about nature into measurements that can be explained as clear statements of the "laws of science, laws of nature". Mode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
P-adic Number
In number theory, given a prime number , the -adic numbers form an extension of the rational numbers which is distinct from the real numbers, though with some similar properties; -adic numbers can be written in a form similar to (possibly infinite) decimals, but with digits based on a prime number rather than ten, and extending to the left rather than to the right. For example, comparing the expansion of the rational number \tfrac15 in base vs. the -adic expansion, \begin \tfrac15 &= 0.01210121\ldots \ (\text 3) &&= 0\cdot 3^0 + 0\cdot 3^ + 1\cdot 3^ + 2\cdot 3^ + \cdots \\ mu\tfrac15 &= \dots 121012102 \ \ (\text) &&= \cdots + 2\cdot 3^3 + 1 \cdot 3^2 + 0\cdot3^1 + 2 \cdot 3^0. \end Formally, given a prime number , a -adic number can be defined as a series s=\sum_^\infty a_i p^i = a_k p^k + a_ p^ + a_ p^ + \cdots where is an integer (possibly negative), and each a_i is an integer such that 0\le a_i < p. A -adic integer is a -adic number such that < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habilitation
Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching, and further education, which usually includes a dissertation. The degree, sometimes abbreviated ''Dr. habil''. (), ''dr hab.'' (), or ''D.Sc.'' ('' Doctor of Sciences'' in Russia and some CIS countries), is often a qualification for full professorship in those countries. In German-speaking countries it allows the degree holder to bear the title ''PD'' (for ). In a number of countries there exists an academic post of docent, appointment to which often requires such a qualification. The degree conferral is usually accompanied by a public oral defence event (a lecture or a colloquium) with one or more opponents. Habilitation is usually awarded 5–15 years after a PhD degree or its equivalent. Achieving this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jānis Bārzdiņš
Jānis is a Latvian masculine given name, the equivalent of the English John. The first written use of the name Jānis dates back to 1290. It may refer to: *Jānis Ādamsons (born 1956), Latvian politician *Jānis Akuraters (1876–1937), Latvian poet, writer, playwright and politician *Jānis Andersons (born 1986), Latvian ice hockey defenceman *Jānis Balodis (1881–1965), Latvian army general and politician *Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis (1834–1891), Latvian architect *Jānis Bebris (1917–1969), Latvian footballer *Jānis Beinarovičs (1907–1967), Latvian wrestler * Jānis Bērziņš (1889–1938), Latvian and Soviet communist military official and politician * Jānis Bērziņš (born 1993), Latvian basketball player *Jānis Birks (born 1956), Latvian politician *Jānis Blūms (born 1982), Latvian professional basketball player *Jānis Bojārs (1956–2018), Latvian shot putter *Jānis Brikmanis (1940–2019), Latvian zoologist, environmental conservationist, radio and tele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akademgorodok
Akademgorodok ( rus, Академгородок, p=ɐkəˌdʲemɡərɐˈdok, "Academic Town") is a part of the Sovetsky City District, Novosibirsk, Sovetsky District of the city of Novosibirsk, Russia, located south of the city center and about west of Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Koltsovo. It is the educational and scientific centre of Siberia. It is surrounded by a birch and pine forest on the shore of the Novosibirsk Reservoir, Ob Sea, an artificial reservoir on the river Ob River, Ob. Formally it is a part of Novosibirsk city, and has never been a closed city. Located within Akademgorodok is Novosibirsk State University, 35 research institutes, a medical academy, apartment buildings and houses, and a variety of community amenities including stores, hotels, hospitals, restaurants and cafes, cinemas, clubs and libraries. The House of Scientists (), a social center of Akademgorodok, hosts a library containing 100 thousand volumesRussian classics, modern literature and also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
