|
Ras (title)
Ras ( compare with Arabic Rais or Hebrew Rosh), is a royal title in the Ethiopian Semitic languages. It is one of the powerful non-imperial titles. Historian Harold G. Marcus equates the Ras title to a duke; others have compared it to "prince".''E.g.'', Don Jaide,An Etymology of the word Ras-Tafari – By Ras Naftali, Rasta Liveware, June 2, 2014; accessed 2019.06.24. The combined title of Leul Ras (Amharic: ልዑል ራስ) was given to the heads of the cadet branches of the Imperial dynasty, such as the Princes of Gojjam, Tigray, ''Ras'' Tafari Makonnen and the Selalle sub-branch of the last reigning Shewan Branch, and meaning "Lord of Lords", the highest title of lord. Historic Ras * Ras Hamalmal of Kambata (16th century) * Ras Fasil * Ras Wolde Selassie (1736–1816) * Ras Sabagadis Woldu (1780–1831) * Ras Alula (1827–1897) *Ras Gobana Dacche (1821–1889) *Ras Mekonnen Wolde Mikael (1852–1906) * Ras Mengesha Yohannes (1868–1906) * Ras Araya Selassie Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as ( "the eloquent Arabic") or simply ' (). Arabic is the List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations, and the Sacred language, liturgical language of Islam. Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ras Alula
Ras Alula Engida () (1845 – 15 February 1897; also known by his horse name Abba Nega and by Alula Equbi) was an Ethiopian general and politician who successfully led battles against Ottoman Egypt, the Mahdists and Italy. He was one of the most important leaders of the Abyssinian forces during the 19th century. Described by Haggai Erlich as the "greatest leader whom Ethiopia produced since the death of Emperor Tewodros II in 1868." Ras Alula was referred to by Europeans as "the Garibaldi of Ethiopia". Early years Alula was born in Mennewe, a village in Tembien, the son of Engda Eqube, a farmer of modest origins. Haggai Erlich relates a story about Alula's childhood – "well known throughout Tigray": a group of people carrying baskets of bread to a wedding ceremony were stopped by a group of children led by the future ''Ras'', who demanded to know where they were going. "To the Castle of Ras Alula Wadi Equbi," they mockingly replied. "Thereafter," concludes Erlich, "h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negus
''Negus'' is the word for "king" in the Ethiopian Semitic languages and a Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles, title which was usually bestowed upon a regional ruler by the Ethiopian Emperor, Negusa Nagast, or "king of kings," in pre-1974 Ethiopia. The negus is referred to as Al-Najashi (النجاشي) in the Islamic tradition. History ''Negus'' is a noun derived from the Ge'ez Semitic root , meaning "to reign". The title Negus literally translated to Basileus (Greek language, Greek: βασιλεύς) in Ancient Greek, which was seen many times on Aksumite currency. The title has subsequently been used to translate the word "king" or "emperor" in Bible, Biblical and other literature. In more recent times, it was used as an honorific title bestowed on governors of the most important provinces (kingdoms): Gojjam, Begemder, Wello, Tigray Province, Tigray and the seaward kingdom, (where the variation Bahri Negasi (Sea King), was the title of the ruler of present-day central Eri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abebe Aregai
'' Ras'' Abebe Aregai (Amharic: አበበ አረጋይ; 18 August 1903 – 17 December 1960) was an Ethiopian military commander who served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia from 27 November 1957 until his death. He was a victim of the unsuccessful 1960 Ethiopian coup. During the Italian occupation, he led a group of resistance fighters. They were collectively known as the '' Arbegnoch'' (), and operated in Menz. The British IWM labeled Abebe “one of the bravest men in the modern world.” Early life Abebe was born on 18 August 1903 in the village of Woira Amba-Jirru in northern Shewa. His father was Aregai Bechere, an ethnic Amhara, and his mother was Askale Gobena, an ethnic Oromo and the daughter of ''Ras'' Gobena Dacche. He served in the '' Kebur Zabagna'', rising to the rank of Major before transferring to the police, and by 1935 had been granted the title of '' Balambaras''. He was the chief of police of Addis Ababa when the Italians invaded Ethiopia in 1936. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darge Sahle Selassie
Darge Sahle Selassie (circa 1825–1830 – 23 March 1900), Horse name Abba Gersa, was a 19th-century Ethiopian nobleman , provincial governor, general and a trusted councillor of his nephew Emperor Menelik II. Ancestry A male line descendant of Shewan Amhara rulers through his father Negus Sahle Selassie of Shewa. His mother was Woizero Wurige belonging to the Silt’e, she was a mistress of his father. He was half-brother to Negus Haile Melekot, Sayfu Sahle Selassie and Haile Mikael Sahle Selassie, and had at least five other half sisters. Biography Early life Darge was born and brought up in Ankober, and just like his half brothers received ecclesiastical education in his childhood in one of the monastic schools in northeastern Shewa, and may have shaped his interest in theological discussions and reading the scriptures later in life. Darge also received training in equestrian and war-like exercises. Death of Negus Sahle Selassie and rebellions In October ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ras Tafari
Haile Selassie I (born Tafari Makonnen or '' Lij'' Tafari; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as the Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia (') under Empress Zewditu between 1916 and 1930. Widely considered to be a defining figure in modern Ethiopian history, he is accorded divine importance in Rastafari, an Abrahamic religion that emerged in the 1930s. A few years before he began his reign over the Ethiopian Empire, Selassie defeated Ethiopian army commander Ras Gugsa Welle Bitul, nephew of Empress Taytu Betul, at the Battle of Anchem. He belonged to the Solomonic dynasty, founded by Emperor Yekuno Amlak in 1270. Selassie, seeking to modernise Ethiopia, introduced political and social reforms including the 1931 constitution and the abolition of slavery in 1942. He led the empire during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, and after its defeat was exiled to the United Kingdom. When the Italian occupation of East Africa began, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kassa Haile Darge
'' Ras'' Kassa Hailu (Amharic: ካሣ ኀይሉ ዳርጌ; 7 August 1881 – 16 November 1956) was a Shewan Amhara nobleman, the son of Dejazmach Haile Wolde Kiros of Lasta, the ruling heir of Lasta's throne and younger brother of Emperor Tekle Giyorgis II, and Tisseme Darge, the daughter of Ras Darge Sahle Selassie, brother of Menelik II's father. John Spencer, who advised ''Ras'' Kassa during the writing of the 1955 Constitution of Ethiopia, described him as "surely the most conservative of all the rases in constant attendance at the court." Spencer continued his description of the aristocrat by noting that he rarely saw the ''Ras'' "in other than Ethiopian national dress. Large, bearded and silent, this imposing dignitary wore a black cloak with gold clasps worked into the form of lion heads. In working sessions, he used to take out with considerable pride a pair of folding half-lens spectacles with gold frames and bows." Life Although he had by birth a better clai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gugsa Araya Selassie
Gugsa Araya Selassie (1885 – 28 April 1932) was an army commander and a member of the royal family of the Ethiopian Empire. Biography ''Leul'' Gugsa Araya Selassie was the legitimate son of ''Ras'' Araya Selassie Yohannes. Araya Selassie Yohannes was the legitimate son of Emperor Yohannes IV of Ethiopia. In 1917, Gugsa Araya Selassie married ''Leult'' Yeshashework Yilma, the niece of ''Ras'' Tafari Makonnen. On 2 November 1930, Tafari Makonnen was crowned as Emperor Haile Selassie. Gugsa Araya Selassie had a son Kifletsion Gugsa by his second wife Woizero Zimam Birru, daughter of Degiat Birru. After Ras Gugsa died woizero Zimam Birru Married to Degiat Zegeye Hailu. On 11 January 1921, Gugsa Araya Selassie captured ''Lij'' Iyasu. Iyasu was then delivered by him into the custody of ''Ras'' Kassa Haile Darge. While sometimes referred to as "Emperor Iyasu V," Iyasu was never formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia. In 1916, Iyasu was deposed after forces loyal t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gugsa Welle
Gugsa Welle (1875 – 31 March 1930; as spelled as Gugsa Wale or Gugsa Wolie, and cited as Ras Gugsà Oliè in Italian books and encyclopedias), was an Ethiopian army commander and a member of the imperial family of the Ethiopian Empire. He represented a provincial ruling elite which was often at odds with the Ethiopian central government. Biography Gugsa was born in Marto in Yejju Province. He was the son of ''Ras'' Welle Betul and the nephew of Empress Taytu Betul. His half-sister, Kefey Wale, was the second wife of ''Ras'' Mangesha Yohannes, the natural son of Emperor Yohannes IV. Prouty quotes Bairu Tafla's favorable opinion of Gugsa as "One of the most enlightened men of the Ethiopian nobility, a renowned poet, great lover of books, and pious and fair in the administration of Begemder." Taytu Betul arranged the marriage of Gugsa Welle to ''Leult'' Zewditu, the eldest daughter of Emperor Menelek II and an earlier wife. They were married in 1900, sixteen years before h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebhat Aregawi
Sebhat Aregawi (died 28 February 1914) was a ''Ras'' of Agame. He was appointed governor of Agame by Emperor Tewodros II in 1859, and his province was expanded by Emperor Yohannes IV to include Adigrat. Emperor Menelik II invested Sebhat with the title of ''Ras'' in 1892. Biography ''Ras'' Sebhat was the son of ''Dejazmatch'' Aregawi Sabagadis of Agame, and grandson of the popular governor of Tigray, ''Ras'' Sabagadis Woldu. At the time he challenged ''Ras'' Mangesha Yohannes, who had succeeded his slain father Yohannes IV and was asserting his supremacy in Tigray, Sebhat was described as "a clever and intelligent man in his early forties, an excellent administrator but not a distinguished warrior." Sebhat submitted to the overlordship of ''Ras'' Mangesha 11 September 1889, following the death of Emperor Yohannes IV ''Ras'' Mangesha's father. However, on 31 October of that year he secretly informed Eritrean governor Antonio Baldissera that he preferred Menilek's rule to Mang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araya Selassie Yohannes
''Ras'' Araya Selassie Yohannes ( ''araya səllase yohannəs''; "horse name" Abba Deblaq) (1869/70 – 10 June 1888) was a son of Emperor Yohannes IV from his wife Masitire Selassie, a daughter of a Muslim Afar chieftain whom he married after she was Christened. Araya was nominated Crown Prince. Araya was the first husband of Zewditu (later Empress), the daughter of ''atse'' Menelik II, having married her in January 1883. He was given the command of Wollo province at the time of his wedding. Because of a revolt raised in Wollo due to the death of ''dejazmach'' Amda Sadiq, chief of Tekaledere, in a quarrel with Araya's followers, Yohannes IV decided to appoint ''ras'' Mikael Ali, the traditional claimant to the lordship of Wollo. ''Ras'' Araya was transferred to Begemder and Dembaya in May 1886. In 1887–88, when the country was facing the Italian threat, he was commander of 40,000 troops near Adwa. Araya died in his youth from smallpox, when the Emperor was returning from a cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
