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Raoul Taisson
Taisson le Ancien, or Old Badger, was a close companion of William Longsword and played a major political role in the early days of the Duchy of Normandy. In the Anglo-Norman chronicles Dudo St Quentin and William of Jumièges mention Badger as one of the three ''Secretarii'' to Longsword, along with Anslech de Bricquebec and Bernard the Dane. All three served as guardians to Longsword's son Richard the Fearless during his minority. Origin of Name Trisoun, for Tesson or Taisson, is the Norman-French for 'Badger.' The Tessons, Lords of Cinglais, one of the most powerful houses of Normandy, were first seated near Angouleme (from whence their Gothic origin may be inferred), and distinguished by feats of arms against the Saracens. "They obtained their sirname, the badger, from their peculiar talent of burrowing or fixing their claws wherever they could gain possession; a significant, if not a noble epithet. Modern reconstructions It has been suggested that Old Badger may have bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Longsword
William Longsword (french: Guillaume Longue-Épée, nrf, Willâome de lon Espee, la, Willermus Longa Spata, on, Vilhjálmr Langaspjót; c. 893 – 17 December 942) was the second ruler of Normandy, from 927 until his assassination in 942.Detlev Schwennicke, '' Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 1 (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79 He is sometimes anachronistically dubbed "duke of Normandy", even though the title duke (''dux'') did not come into common usage until the 11th century. Longsword was known at the time as count (Latin ''comes'') of Rouen. Flodoard—always detailed about titles—consistently referred to both Rollo and his son William as ''principes'' (chieftains) of the Normans. Birth William Longsword was born "overseas"Neveux and other authorities believe this may have been in England, as Rollo left Neustria for several years, probably for England. See: Neveux, P. 62; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Normandy
The Duchy of Normandy grew out of the 911 Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between King Charles III of West Francia and the Viking leader Rollo. The duchy was named for its inhabitants, the Normans. From 1066 until 1204, as a result of the Norman conquest of England, the dukes of Normandy were usually also kings of England, the only exceptions being Dukes Robert Curthose (1087–1106), Geoffrey Plantagenet (1144–1150) and Henry II (1150-1152), who became king of England in 1152. In 1202, Philip II of France declared Normandy forfeit to him and seized it by force of arms in 1204. It remained disputed territory until the Treaty of Paris of 1259, when the English sovereign ceded his claim except for the Channel Islands; i.e., the Bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey, and their dependencies (including Sark). In the Kingdom of France, the duchy was occasionally set apart as an appanage to be ruled by a member of the royal family. After 1469, however, it was permanently un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dudo Of Saint-Quentin
Dudo, or Dudon, was a Picard historian, and dean of Saint-Quentin, where he was born about 965. Sent in 986 by Albert I, Count of Vermandois, on an errand to Richard I, Duke of Normandy, he succeeded in his mission, and, having made a very favorable impression at the Norman court, spent some years in that country. During a second stay in Normandy, Dudo wrote his history of the Normans, a task which Duke Richard had urged him to undertake. Very little else is known about his life, except that he died before 1043. ''Historia Normannorum'' Written between 996 and 1015, his ''Historia Normannorum''—also known as ''Libri III de moribus et actis primorum Normanniae ducum'' and ''Gesta Normannorum''—was dedicated to Adalberon, bishop of Laon. Dudo does not appear to have consulted any existing documents for his history, but to have obtained his information from oral tradition, much of it being supplied by Raoul, count of Ivry, a maternal half-brother of Duke Richard. Conse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Of Jumièges
William of Jumièges (born c. 1000 - died after 1070) (french: Guillaume de Jumièges) was a contemporary of the events of 1066, and one of the earliest writers on the subject of the Norman conquest of England. He is himself a shadowy figure, only known by his dedicatory letter to William the Conqueror as a monk of Jumièges. Since he also mentions that he was an eyewitness of some events from the reign of Duke Richard III (1026-7), it seems reasonable to assume that he was born some time about the year 1000. He probably entered the monastery during the first quarter of the eleventh century and received his education from Thierry de Mathonville. According to Orderic Vitalis, William's nickname was "Calculus". The meaning behind this nickname is unknown. His death, after 1070, is unrecorded. He was a Norman writing from a Norman point of view. Although only a monk with evidently no military training, he wrote with pride in the accomplishments of his people. William of Jumièges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anslech De Bricquebec
Anslech or Anslec de Bricquebec (active in the 930s and 940s) played a major political role in the first days of the duchy of Normandy, though the sources on him are rather opaque. In the Anglo-Norman chronicles Around 1000, Dudo of Saint-Quentin evoked Anslech as one of the three ''secretarii'' to the jarl of the Normans, William I (v.927-942). A later source, ''le Roman de Rou'', explains that Anslech supported William when Rioulf began an important rebellion against him. We see the same figure again in the writings of William of Jumièges. After the assassination of William I, Anslech, Raoul Taisson ''l'Ancien'' and Bernard the Dane formed what William of Jumièges called "guardians of the whole duchy of Normandy", awaiting the majority of the new duke Richard. In 943, they welcomed the king of the Franks, Louis IV to Rouen, who came as overlord to receive the homage of the inhabitants of Rouen. Rise and fall The sagas from Norway and the islands make Anslech a Norman noble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard The Dane
Bernard the Dane is described by the tenth century ecclesiastical writer Dudo of Saint-Quentin as a 'warrior' of Rouen from 'Dacia', an ally and confidant of the first leaders of Normandy, political counsellor to Rollo's son William Longsword, and co-regent of the territory during the minority of his son and heir, Richard I of Normandy. In particular, Bernard is seen as being at the centre of events in the aftermath of the assassination of William Longsword. Life We know extremely little about Bernard the Dane and all that we do know comes from Dudo of Saint-Quentin in his work commonly referred to as 'De moribus', the story of the lives of the earliest leaders of Normandy. He would have been alive in the middle of the tenth century but we have no birth or death dates for him. Dudo ascribes to him great wealth and a 'beautiful wife' but doesn't name her or mention any children. In fact, the section of Dudo's story that includes mentions of Bernard the Dane only spans four years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard I, Duke Of Normandy
Richard I (28 August 932 – 20 November 996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French: ''Richard Sans-Peur''; Old Norse: ''Jarl Rikard''), was the count of Rouen from 942 to 996.Detlev Schwennicke, '' Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79 Dudo of Saint-Quentin, whom Richard commissioned to write the "''De moribus et actis primorum Normanniae ducum''" (Latin, "''On the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of Normandy''"), called him a '' dux''. However, this use of the word may have been in the context of Richard's renowned leadership in war, and not as a reference to a title of nobility. Richard either introduced feudalism into Normandy or he greatly expanded it. By the end of his reign, the most important Norman landholders held their lands in feudal tenure. Birth Richard was born to William Longsword, ''princeps'' (chieftain or ruler) of Normandy, and Sprot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wace
Wace ( 1110 – after 1174), sometimes referred to as Robert Wace, was a Medieval Norman poet, who was born in Jersey and brought up in mainland Normandy (he tells us in the ''Roman de Rou'' that he was taken as a child to Caen), ending his career as Canon of Bayeux. Life All that is known of Wace's life comes from autobiographical references in his poems. He neglected to mention his birthdate; some time between 1099 and 1111 is the most commonly accepted period for his birth. The name ''Wace'', used in Jersey until the 16th century, appears to have been his only name; surnames were not universally used at that time. It was quite a common first name in the Duchy of Normandy, derived from the Germanic personal name ''Wasso''. The spelling and the pronunciation of this name were rendered different ways in the texts, according to the place where the copyists were from. In the various versions of the ''Roman de Rou'', his name appears five times as ''Wace'', then ''Gace'' (once ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benoît De Saint-Maure
Benoît () is a French male given name. It is less frequently spelled Benoist. The name comes from the Latin word , which means "the one who says the good", equivalent in meaning to Bénédicte (other), Bénédicte or the English name Benedict (given name), Benedict. A female derivative of the name is Benoîte. The personal name Benoît is to be distinguished from #Benoit as a family name, Benoit as a family name, which is usually spelled without the circumflex accent. Early form of the name was spelled with an "s" (Benoist), but as with many words in the French language, the "s" was eventually replaced with a circumflex accent over the "i". Benoît in other languages *Aragonese language, Aragonese: Benedet *Asturian language, Asturian: Benitu *Basque language, Basque: Beñat *Breton language, Breton: Beneat *Catalan language, Catalan : Benet *Croatian language, Croatian : Benedikt *Danish language, Danish: Benedikt, Bendt *Czech language, Czech: Benedikt, Beneš *Dutch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozarab
The Mozarabs ( es, mozárabes ; pt, moçárabes ; ca, mossàrabs ; from ar, مستعرب, musta‘rab, lit=Arabized) is a modern historical term for the Iberian Christians, including Christianized Iberian Jews, who lived under Muslim rule in Al-Andalus following the conquest of the Christian Visigothic Kingdom by the Umayyad Caliphate. Initially, the vast majority of Mozarabs kept Christianity and their dialects descended from Latin. Eventually, some converted to Islam and were influenced, in varying degrees, by Arab customs and knowledge, and sometimes acquired greater social status in doing so. The local Romance vernaculars, with an important contribution of Arabic and spoken by Christians and Muslims alike, have also come to be known as the Mozarabic language. Mozarabs were mostly Roman Catholics of the Visigothic or Mozarabic Rite. Due to Sharia and Fiqh being confessional and only applying to Muslims, the Christians paid the jizya tax, the only relevant Islamic Law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar Ibn Hafsun
Umar ibn Hafsun ibn Ja'far ibn Salim ( ar, عمر بن حَفْصُون بن جَعْفَ بن سالم) (c. 850 – 917), known in Spanish history as Omar ben Hafsun, was a 9th-century political and military leader who contested Umayyad power in Iberia. Ancestry The background of Ibn Hafsun has been the subject of conflicting claims. A contemporary poet, Ibn Abd Rabbih (860-940), referred to him as a ''Sawada'', a descendant of black Africans. Writing a century later, Ibn Hayyan recorded a pedigree for Ibn Hafsun by tracing his descent to a great-grandfather, Ja'far ibn Salim, who had converted to Islam and settled in the Ronda area of the Province of Málaga in southern Spain. The pedigree then traces back several additional generations to one Count Marcellus (or perhaps Frugelo), son of Alfonso, apparently a Christian Visigoth. This pedigree was copied by later historians, including Ibn Idhari, Ibn Khatib, and Ibn Khaldun, as well as the ''A'la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
