|
Questione Ladina
The Questione Ladina is a controversy over whether the Romance languages of Romansh, Ladin and Friulian form a proper language subfamily or should rather be regarded as a part of a wider Northern Italian dialect continuum. Both the idea of a distinctive language sub-family and the denial of a Ladin unity still have strong proponents, the former especially among Swiss, German and Austrian, the latter among Italian linguists. The issue has, beyond the linguistic controversy, political implications being the areas involved subjected to territorial disputes, especially during the first half of the 20th century. Position of the Ascolians The beginning of the Questione Ladina is marked in 1873 by the publication of the ''Saggi ladini'' by Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (1829–1907), who identified the area between the Oberalp Pass and the Gulf of Trieste as a specific language area, with some common characteristics, and called the idioms spoken there ''Ladin dialects'' (). The theory gaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhaeto-Romance Languages
Rhaeto-Romance, Rheto-Romance, or Rhaetian, is a purported subfamily of the Romance languages that is spoken in south-eastern Switzerland and north-eastern Italy. The name "Rhaeto-Romance" refers to the former Roman province of Raetia. The question of whether these languages actually form a subfamily is called the Questione Ladina. The Italian linguist Graziadio Ascoli, writing in 1873, found them to share a number of intricacies and believed they formed a linguistic group. What distinguishes the Rhaeto-Romance languages from Italian are their phonemic vowel length (long stressed vowels), consonant formation, and a central rounded vowel series. If the subfamily is genuine, three languages would belong to it: Romansh in Switzerland, and Ladin and Friulian in Italy. Their combined number of speakers is about 660,000; the large majority of these (about 500,000) speak Friulian. Origin Before the Roman conquest, the Alps were Celtic-speaking in the north and Rhaetian-speaking i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Gartner
Theodor Gartner (4 November 1843 — 29 April 1925) was an Austrian linguist, Romance studies, Romance philologist and professor. Biography He is also known for his study of the Ukrainian language and as a co-author (with Stepan Smal-Stotsky) of the monograph and textbook on the grammar of the Ukrainian language.http://encyclopedia.kiev.ua/articles/files/gartner.pdf After graduating from the University of Vienna, from 1868 to 1885 he taught in schools in Hungary. Since 1885, he was a professor of Romance Philology at the University of Chernivtsi. He conducted studies of Romanian accents on the territory of Bukovina. Living among Ukrainians, he got interested in their language, first of all in grammar, phonetics and vocabulary. He studied Ukrainian language under the guidance of Stepan Smal-Stotsky, the head of Ukrainian language and literature department. Studying with textbooks of that time, he found a certain inconsistency and contradictions in them. In co-authorship wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dachsprache
In sociolinguistics, an abstand language is a language variety or cluster of varieties with significant linguistic distance from all others, while an ausbau language is a standard variety, possibly with related dependent varieties. Heinz Kloss introduced these terms in 1952 to denote two separate and largely independent sets of criteria for recognizing a "language": * one based on linguistic properties compared to related varieties (german: Abstand, , "distance") * the other based on sociopolitical functions (german: Ausbau, , "expansion") This framework addresses situations in which multiple varieties from a dialect continuum have been standardized, so that they are commonly considered distinct languages even though they may be mutually intelligible. The continental Scandinavian languages offer a commonly cited example of this situation. One of the applications of this theoretical framework is language standardization (examples since the 1960s including Basque and Romansh). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Irredentism
Italian irredentism ( it, irredentismo italiano) was a nationalist movement during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Italy with irredentist goals which promoted the unification of geographic areas in which indigenous peoples considered to be ethnic Italians and/or Italian-speaking individuals formed a majority, or substantial minority, of the population. At the beginning, the movement promoted the annexation to Italy of territories inhabited by Italian indigenous population, but retained by the Austrian Empire after the Third Italian War of Independence in 1866. These included Trentino, but also multilingual and multiethnic areas within the northern Italian region encompassed by the Alps, with German, Italian, Slovene, Croatian, Ladin and Istro-Romanian population, such as South Tyrol, Trieste, a part of Istria, Gorizia and Gradisca and part of Dalmatia. The claims were extended also to the city of Fiume, Corsica, the island of Malta, the County of Nice and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Salvioni
Carlo Salvioni (3 March 1858, Bellinzona – 20 October 1920, Milan) was a Swiss Romance languages, romanist and linguist. Biography He was born in Switzerland, in the capital of the Canton of Ticino, where his printer father also ran a bookshop. During secondary school in Lugano, Carlo Salvioni became acquainted with young anarchists such as Mikhail Bakunin. After interrupting both secondary school and university studies in Basel prematurely, in 1878 Salvioni moved to Germany to enroll at the university of Leipzig, which Tristano Bolelli (1913–2001) called ''una delle capitali della glottologia del tempo'' (one of the capitals of linguistics of the time). Here Salvioni's linguistic studies, based on the school of neo-grammarians, took place with regularity and depth of commitment for five years, from 1878 to 1883. His linguistic studies, however, did not exclude his political interests, which expressed themselves in German socialism.Sergio Lubello''Salvioni, Carlo'' in ''Dizionari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venetian Language
Venetian, wider Venetian or Venetan ( or ) is a Romance language spoken natively in the northeast of Italy,Ethnologue mostly in the Veneto region, where most of the five million inhabitants can understand it. It is sometimes spoken and often well understood outside Veneto: in Trentino, Friuli, the Julian March, Istria, and some towns of Slovenia and Dalmatia (Croatia) by a surviving autochthonous Venetian population, and Brazil, Argentina, Australia, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Mexico by Venetians in the diaspora. Although referred to as an "Italian dialect" ( vec, diałeto, links=no, it, dialetto) even by some of its speakers, the label is primarily geographic. Venetian is a separate language from Italian, with many local varieties. Its precise place within the Romance language family remains somewhat controversial. Both Ethnologue and Glottolog group it into the Gallo-Italic branch. Devoto, Avolio and Ursini reject such classification, and Tagliavin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lombard Language
Lombard (native name: ,Classical Milanese orthography, and . , Ticinese orthography. Modern Western orthography. or ,Eastern unified orthography. depending on the orthography; pronunciation: ) is a language, belonging to the Gallo-Italic family and consisting in a cluster of homogeneous dialects spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and Southern Switzerland, including most of Lombardy and some areas of neighbouring regions, notably the eastern side of Piedmont and the western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. It is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo. Origins The most ancient linguistic substratum that has left a mark on the Lombard language is that of the ancient Ligures.Agnoletto, p.120D'Ilario, p.28 However, available information about this ancient language and its influence on modern Lombard is extremely vague and limited. This is in sharp contrast to the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Battisti
Carlo Battisti (10 October 1882 – 6 March 1977) was an Italian linguist and actor, famed for his starring role in Vittorio De Sica's ''Umberto D.''. Biography Battisti was born in Trento, Austria-Hungary in 1882 (nowadays Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). He studied linguistics at the University of Vienna and founded, along with Ettore Tolomei, the nationalist journal ''Archivio per l'Alto Adige'' in 1906. In the early 1920s he became professor of glottology of the University of Florence. Throughout his life he published numerous books and articles on a wide gamut of linguistic topics, ranging from phonetics to Italian dialectology to toponomastics and Vulgar Latin. In recognition of his accomplishments and expertise, Battisti was elected to the Italian national language academy, ''Accademia della Crusca'', in 1925. A member of the National Fascist Party himself, Battisti maintained always a sympathetic position towards the Italianization program which the Fascism pursued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Val Di Sole
Val may refer to: Val-a Film * ''Val'' (film), an American documentary about Val Kilmer, directed by Leo Scott and Ting Poo Military equipment * Aichi D3A, a Japanese World War II dive bomber codenamed "Val" by the Allies * AS Val, a Soviet assault rifle Music *''Val'', album by Val Doonican *VAL (band), Belarusian pop duo People * Val (given name), a unisex given name * Rafael Merry del Val Rafael Merry del Val y Zulueta, (10 October 1865 – 26 February 1930) was a Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal. Before becoming a cardinal, he served as the secretary of the papal conclave of 1903 that elected Pope Pius X, who is said to have ac ... (1865–1930), Spanish Catholic cardinal * Val (sculptor) (1967–2016), French sculptor * Val (footballer, born 1983), Lucivaldo Lázaro de Abreu, Brazilian football midfielder * Val (footballer, born 1997), Valdemir de Oliveira Soares, Brazilian football defensive midfielder Places * Val (Rychnov nad Kněžnou District), a villag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non Valley
The Non Valley ( it, Val di Non or ; Nones: ''Val de Nòn''; german: Nonstal or ; la, Anaunia) is a valley mainly in the Trentino. Morever, the (), a subregion, consists of three primarily German-speaking municipalities in the province of South Tyrol, Northern Italy. The largest municipalities in the valley are Cles (the main town), Predaia, Ville d'Anaunia, Revò, Denno, Fondo. There are a total of 29 municipalities (): *Castelfondo *Fondo *Malosco *Brez *Sarnonico *Ronzone * Ruffrè-Mendola *Cavareno *Amblar-Don *Romeno * Rumo *Bresimo *Cis * Livo *Cagnò *Revò *Romallo *Dambel *Cloz *Sanzeno *Cles *Predaia * Sfruz *Ville d'Anaunia *Contà *Ton *Sporminore *Denno * Campodenno The German-speaking municipalities are: *Laurein *Proveis *Unsere Liebe Frau im Walde-St. Felix The latter comune is connected to the rest of its province by the Gampenpass, while the other two are accessible through a tunnel under the Hofmahdjoch from the rest of South Tyrol since 1998. The N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulf Of Trieste
The Gulf of Trieste ( it, Golfo di Trieste, sl, Tržaški zaliv, hr, Tršćanski zaljev, german: Golf von Triest) is a very shallow bay of the Adriatic Sea, in the extreme northern part of the Adriatic Sea. It is part of the Gulf of Venice and is shared by Italy, Slovenia and Croatia. It is closed to the south by the peninsula of Istria, the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea, shared between Croatia and Slovenia. The entire Slovenian sea is part of the Gulf of Trieste. Overview The gulf is limited by an imaginary line connecting the Punta Tagliamento on the Italian and Savudrija (''Punta Salvore'') on the Croatian coast. Its area is approximately , its average depth is , and its maximum depth is . With the exception of flat islets blocking the entrance to Marano-Grado lagoon, there are no islands in the gulf. Its eastern coasts, with Trieste and the Slovenian Littoral, have more rugged relief. The sea current in the gulf flows counterclockwise. Its average speed is 0.8 kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
