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Quariates
The Quariates or Quadiates were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the valley of Queyras, in the Alps, during the Iron Age. Name They are mentioned as ''Quariates'' (var. ''quadr''-) by Pliny (1st c. AD), Pliny. ''Naturalis Historia'', 3:35. and as ''Quadiatium'' and ''Quariat(ium?)'' on inscriptions., s.v. ''Quariates''. The etymology of the name is obscure. Christian-Joseph Guyonvarc'h and Xavier Delamarre proposed to derive it from Celtic *''kwario''- ('cauldron'), with sporadic preservation of the initial ''kw'', attached to the suffix -''ati-'' ('belonging to'). Alexander Falileyev notes that the q-Celtic reflex remains problematic in this scenario. The region of Queyras, whose castle is attested as ''Quadratum'' in the 12th century, may be named after the Gallic tribe. Geography The Quariates dwelled in the valley of Queyras, in the Alps. Their territory was located south of the Brigianii, east of the Segovii, and north of the Caturiges and Veneni., Map 17: Lugdunum. Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segovii
The Segovii (Gaulish: *''Segouioi'', 'the victorious, powerful') were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the Alpes Cottiae, around present-day Cesana Torinese and Montgenèvre, during the Iron Age. Name They are attested as ''Segoviorum'' on the Arch of Susa., s.v. ''Segovii''. The ethnonym ''Segovii'' is a latinized form of Gaulish *''Segouioi''. It derives from the root ''sego''-, meaning 'victory, force'. It is comparable with the feminine forms ''Segouia'' (Segovia) and ''Segauias'' (now Göfis). Geography The Segovii dwelled around the towns of Gaesao/Tyrium (modern Cesana Torinese) and Druantium (Montgenèvre; also named *''Alpis Cottia'' and ''Summae Alpes''). Their territory was located south of the Belaci, north of the Brigianii and Quariates, and east of the Ucenni., Map 17: Lugdunum. The settlement of Ad Fines (modern Fenils) may have been the border between the territories of the Segovii and Belaci. History They are mentioned on the Arch of Susa, erected by Cottiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brigianii
The Brigianii (Gaulish: *''Brigianioi'') were a Gallic tribe dwelling around present-day Briançon during the Iron Age and the Roman period. Name They are mentioned as ''Brigianii'' by Pliny (1st c. AD), and as ''Brigiani'', ''Brigantionis'' and ''Bricianiorum'' on inscriptions. CIL 5:7817, 12:94, 80., s.v. ''Brigianii''. Their name may be based on the Gaulish root ''brig''- ('high, elevated'), or on ''brīgo''- ('might, strength'). Geography The Gallitae lived in the region of , in the center of the Cottian Kingdom. Their territory was located north of the Caturiges, west of the Quariates, east of the Tricorii, south of the Segovii., Map 17: Lugdunum. Their chief town was known as Brigantio (modern Briançon), meaning 'eminence, high/elevated place' in Gaulish. History They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium The Tropaeum Alpium (; ) is a Roman trophy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caturiges
The Caturiges (Gaulish: ''Caturīges'', 'kings of combat') were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper Durance valley, around present-day towns of Chorges and Embrun, during the Iron Age and the Roman period. Name They are mentioned as ''Caturiges'' by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC) and Pliny (1st c. AD), and as ''Katourgídōn'' (Κατουργίδων) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD). The Gaulish ethnonym ''Caturīges'' (sing. ''Caturix'') literally means 'kings of combat'. It stems from the Celtic root ''catu''- ('combat, battle') attached to ''rīges'' ('kings'). The city of Chorges, attested in the 4th c. AD as ''Caturrigas'' (''Cadorgas'' in 1062, ''Chaorgias'' in 1338), is named after the tribe. Geography Territory The Caturiges dwelled in the upper course of the Durance river. Their territory was located east of the Tricorii, Avantici and Edenates (further west lived the Vocontii), south of the Brigianii and Quariates, west of the Veneni and Soti, and north of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arch Of Augustus (Susa)
The Arch of Augustus is an important monument constructed in the city of Susa, Piedmont, in the province of Turin. It was originally built at the end of the 1st century BC to record the renewed alliance between Emperor Augustus and Marcus Julius Cottius, a Celto-Ligurian ruler who had been made king and Roman prefect of the Cottian Alps. The arch, together with other remains from the period, such as the Roman amphitheatre and a Roman aqueduct, underscore the importance that the city of Susa had during the Roman period. Description From above, the arch forms a rectangle 11.93 metres long and 7.3 metres wide. It rests on two large bases and there is only one archway. The white marble of the arch was sourced from a nearby quarries at Fornesto and Tre Piloni. The arch has a unique arcade, in which the archivolt is supported by pilasters. The entablature rests on four Corinthian columns placed at the extremities of each corner, such that a quarter of each drum is embedded in the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gauls
The Gauls (; , ''Galátai'') were a group of Celts, Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age Europe, Iron Age and the Roman Gaul, Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They spoke Gaulish, a continental Celtic language. The Gauls emerged around the 5th century BC as bearers of La Tène culture north and west of the Alps. By the 4th century BC, they were spread over much of what is now France, Belgium, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Austria, and the Czech Republic, by virtue of controlling the trade routes along the river systems of the Rhône, Seine, Rhine, and Danube. They reached the peak of their power in the 3rd century BC. During the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, the Gauls expanded into Northern Italy (Cisalpine Gaul), leading to the Roman–Gallic wars, and Gallic invasion of the Balkans, into the Balkans, leading to Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC), war with the Greeks. These latter Gauls eventually settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queyras
The Queyras (; ) is a valley located in the French Hautes-Alpes, of which the geographical extent is the basin of the river Guil, a tributary A tributary, or an ''affluent'', is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (''main stem'' or ''"parent"''), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they ... of the Durance. The Queyras is one of the oldest mountain ranges of the Alps, and it was one of the last ones to be opened to public tourism towards the end of the 20th century, thus being relatively untouched by environmental destruction. The Queyras is also one of the 58 Regional nature parks of France. The GR58, also known as the ''Tour du Queyras'' ("The tour of Queyras" in French), is a long-distance walking route that forms a 108-km hiking loop in the Queyras. Notable mountains around the valley include: * The Font Sancte (Queyras' highest mountain) * The Taillante * The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Tène Culture
The La Tène culture (; ) was a Iron Age Europe, European Iron Age culture. It developed and flourished during the late Iron Age (from about 450 BC to the Roman Republic, Roman conquest in the 1st century BC), succeeding the early Iron Age Hallstatt culture without any definite cultural break, under considerable Mediterranean influence from the Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul, the Etruscan civilization, Etruscans, and the Culture of Golasecca, Golasecca culture, but whose artistic style nevertheless did not depend on those Mediterranean influences. La Tène culture's territorial extent corresponded to what is now Prehistory of France#The Iron Age, France, History of Belgium#Celtic and Roman periods, Belgium, Early history of Switzerland#Iron Age, Switzerland, History of Austria#Iron Age, Austria, History of England#Later Prehistory, England, History of Germany#Iron Age, Southern Germany, the History of the Czech lands#Iron Age, Czech Republic, Prehistoric Italy#Iron Age, Northern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliny The Elder
Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 79), known in English as Pliny the Elder ( ), was a Roman Empire, Roman author, Natural history, naturalist, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the Roman emperor, emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic (''Natural History''), a comprehensive thirty-seven-volume work covering a vast array of topics on human knowledge and the natural world, which became an editorial model for encyclopedias. He spent most of his spare time studying, writing, and investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field. Among Pliny's greatest works was the twenty-volume ''Bella Germaniae'' ("The History of the German Wars"), which is Lost literary work, no longer extant. ''Bella Germaniae'', which began where Aufidius Bassus' ''Libri Belli Germanici'' ("The War with the Germans") left off, was used as a source by other prominent Roman historians, including Plutarch, Tacitus, and Suetonius. Tacitus may have used ''Bella Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
The ''Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum'' (''CIL'') is a comprehensive collection of ancient Latin inscriptions. It forms an authoritative source for documenting the surviving epigraphy of classical antiquity. Public and personal inscriptions throw light on all aspects of Roman life and history. The ''Corpus'' continues to be updated in new editions and supplements. CIL also refers to the organization within the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities responsible for collecting data on and publishing the Latin inscriptions. It was founded in 1853 by Theodor Mommsen and is the first and major organization aiming at a comprehensive survey. Aim The ''CIL'' collects all Latin inscriptions from the whole territory of the Roman Empire, ordering them geographically and systematically. The earlier volumes collected and published authoritative versions of all inscriptions known at the time—most of these had been previously published in a wide range of publications. The desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian-Joseph Guyonvarc'h
Christian-Joseph Guyonvarc'h (18 October 1926, Auray – 9 January 2012, Guilers) was a French philologist and linguist who specialised in Celtic studies. Biography Christian-Joseph Guyonvarc'h was born on 18 October 1926 in Auray, Brittany (France), and grew up in a French- Breton bilingual environment. Along with his wife, (1927–2004), he wrote numerous works on Celtic studies, including ('The Druids', 1986), ('Celtic Civilization', 1990), ('Celtic Society', 1991), ('Celtic Festivals', 1995), and ('The Celtic Kingdoms', 2001). Georges Dumézil directed Le Roux's first studies and was president of the jury at Guyonvarc'h's doctorate thesis in 1980. Guyonvarc'h taught Old Irish and Breton at Rennes 2 University. He died on 9 January 2012 in Guilers. Guyonvarc'h could speak Breton, Welsh, and Irish (in their modern and historical stages), as well as modern French, German, Dutch, English. From 1979 to 1981, he was a member the patronage committee of , the annual m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xavier Delamarre
Xavier Delamarre (; born 5 June 1954) is a French linguist, lexicographer, and former diplomat. He is regarded as one of the world's foremost authorities on the Gaulish language. With linguist Romain Garnier, Delamarre is the co-publishing editor of ''Wékwos'', a journal founded in 2014 and devoted to Indo-European comparative linguistics. Career Born on 5 June 1954, Xavier Delamarre graduated from Sciences Po in 1977, then studied the Lithuanian language at INALCO. In 1984, he published ''Le Vocabulaire indo-européen'', a lexicon of Proto-Indo-European words. In 2001, Delamarre published an influential etymological dictionary of the Gaulish language entitled ''Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise''. A second enlarged edition was issued in 2003. Alongside his research in Indo-European and Celtic linguistics, Delamarre followed a career of diplomat from 1984 to 2014. He worked for the French diplomatic post in Helsinki (1984–86), then in Harare (1989–92), Vilnius (1992� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
