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Pro Patria Union
The Pro Patria Union ( et, Isamaaliit, meaning literally Fatherland Union) was a national-conservative political party in Estonia. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the Estonian National Independence Party and the Pro Patria National Coalition. On 4 April 2006, representatives of the Pro Patria Union and the representatives of Res Publica decided to merge the two parties. The merger was approved by the general assemblies of both parties in Pärnu on 4 June 2006. Although originally the name ''For Estonia'' (''Eesti Eest'') was considered for the united party, it was rejected. New party was officially registered on 15 October 2006 under the name Pro Patria and Res Publica Union. According to party statements, the programme was based on Christian democracy and nationalism. Together with its predecessors the Pro Patria Union was the main force behind the economic and legal reforms in the Republic of Estonia at the beginning of the 1990s. A party of an ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tõnis Lukas
Tõnis Lukas (born 5 June 1962) is an Estonian politician, former Ministry of Culture (Estonia), Minister of Culture from 2019 to 2021 and Minister of Education and Research (Estonia), Minister of Education and Research from 1999 to 2002 and from 2007 to 2011. Life Lukas was born in Tallinn, Estonia. After graduating from secondary school and spending another year in technical school in Tallinn, he went on to study history in University of Tartu. He graduated in 1987 and continued postgraduate studies from 1989 to 1992, receiving his master's degree in history 1997. Tõnis Lukas started his career as a school teacher in Southern Estonia. 1989 he became a lecturer for postgraduate students in the University of Tartu. From 1992 to 1995 he worked as Director of the Estonian National Museum. Since 1995 he has held mainly political posts both on local and national level. He briefly returned to University of Tartu for two years in 1997 to work as a project manager and to participate i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pärnu
Pärnu () is the fourth largest city in Estonia. Situated in southwest Estonia, Pärnu is located south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and west of Estonia's second largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga. Pärnu is a popular summer holiday resort town among Estonians with many hotels, restaurants and large beaches. The city is served by Pärnu Airport. History Perona (german: Alt-Pernau, links=no, et, Vana-Pärnu, links=no), which was founded by the bishop of Ösel–Wiek , suffered heavily under pressure of the concurrent town, and was finally destroyed . Another town, Embeke (later german: Neu-Pernau, links=no, et, Uus-Pärnu, links=no) was founded by the Livonian Order, who began building an Ordensburg nearby in 1265. The latter town, then known by the German name of , was a member of the Hanseatic League and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percentage Point
A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points, but a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured. In literature, the unit is usually either written out, or abbreviated as ''pp'' or ''p.p.'' to avoid ambiguity. After the first occurrence, some writers abbreviate by using just "point" or "points". Differences between percentages and percentage points Consider the following hypothetical example: In 1980, 50 percent of the population smoked, and in 1990 only 40 percent of the population smoked. One can thus say that from 1980 to 1990, the prevalence of smoking decreased by 10 ''percentage points'' (or by 10 percent of the population) or by ''20 percent'' when talking about smokers only - percentages indicate proportionate part of a total. Percentage-point differences are one way to express a risk or probability. Consider a drug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milton Friedman
Milton Friedman (; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist and statistician who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and the complexity of stabilization policy. With George Stigler and others, Friedman was among the intellectual leaders of the Chicago school of economics, a neoclassical school of economic thought associated with the work of the faculty at the University of Chicago that rejected Keynesianism in favor of monetarism until the mid-1970s, when it turned to new classical macroeconomics heavily based on the concept of rational expectations. Several students, young professors and academics who were recruited or mentored by Friedman at Chicago went on to become leading economists, including Gary Becker, Robert Fogel, Thomas Sowell and Robert Lucas Jr. Friedman's challenges to what he called "naive Keynesian theory" began with his interpretation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tartu
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after the Northern European country's political and financial capital, Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 91,407 (as of 2021). It is southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of Riga, Latvia. Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus. From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat. Tartu, the largest urban centre of southern Estonia, is often considered the "intellectual capital city" of the country, especially as it is home to the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the University of Tartu (founded in 1632). Tartu also houses the Supreme Court of Estonia, the Ministry of Education and Research, the Estonian National Museum, and the oldest Estonian-language theatre, Vanemuine. It is also the birthplace of the Estonian Song Festivals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Democratic Party
The Estonian Democratic Party (, EDE) was a political party in Estonia. History The party had its roots in the Estonian national movement towards the end of the 19th century. It was formally founded by Jaan Tõnisson in the city of Tartu in 1905 as the Progressive National Democratic Party (''Eesti Rahvameelne Eduerakond'').Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p385 Tönisson represented the party in the Russian Duma, where the party was affiliated with the Constitutional Democratic Party. In 1917 the party was renamed the "Democratic Party". It won seven seats in the Provincial Assembly elections in the same year, and became part of the Democratic Bloc in the Assembly alongside the Estonian Radical Democratic Party and the Rural League. The three contested the 1918 elections as the Democratic Bloc, receiving around 23% of the vote. In March 1919 the party merged with the Radical Democratic Party to form the Estonian People's Party, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Farmers (Estonia)
Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Union'' (Union album), 1998 * ''Union'' (Chara album), 2007 * ''Union'' (Toni Childs album), 1988 * ''Union'' (Cuff the Duke album), 2012 * ''Union'' (Paradoxical Frog album), 2011 * ''Union'', a 2001 album by Puya * ''Union'', a 2001 album by Rasa * ''Union'' (The Boxer Rebellion album), 2009 * ''Union'' (Yes album), 1991 * "Union" (Black Eyed Peas song), 2005 Other uses in arts and entertainment * ''Union'' (Star Wars), a Dark Horse comics limited series * Union, in the fictional Alliance–Union universe of C. J. Cherryh * '' Union (Horse with Two Discs)'', a bronze sculpture by Christopher Le Brun, 1999–2000 * The Union (Marvel Team), a Marvel Comics superhero team and comic series Education * Union Academy (disambiguatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aimar Altosaar
Aimar Altosaar (born 1959) is an Estonian sociologist, journalist and politician. He was a member of IX Riigikogu. He was the Secretary General of the Pro Patria Union party from 1995 until 1999 and again from 2004 until 2006. Altosaar was born Antsla. He graduated from Tartu State University in 1982 with a degree in social psychology and a postgraduate degree from the Estonian Academy of Sciences Founded in 1938, the Estonian Academy of Sciences ( et, Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia) is Estonia's national academy of science in Tallinn. As with other national academies, it is an independent group of well-known scientists whose stated aim is to ... in 1988. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Altosaar, Aimar 1959 births Living people People from Antsla Pro Patria Union politicians Members of the Riigikogu, 1999–2003 Estonian sociologists University of Tartu alumni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunne Kelam
Tunne-Väldo Kelam (born 10 July 1936) is an Estonian politician and former Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Estonia. He is a member of the Pro Patria and Res Publica Union, part of the European People's Party. Early life and education After graduating from Tallinn 2. Secondary School in 1954 he studied history in the University of Tartu (1954–1959). He was a senior researcher in the State Central Archives in Tartu (1959–1965) and a senior scientific editor of the Estonian Soviet Encyclopaedia in Tallinn (1965–1975). From 1959 till 1970, as a member of the "Science" society, Kelam was also part-time lecturer and columnist on international relations. Resistance to the Soviet occupation In 1972 he prepared a memorandum to the UN on behalf of two underground citizens' groups, which asked for the UN assistance to evacuate the Soviet occupation forces and organize free elections. Smuggled out of the country, the memorandum caused lively interest in the West but res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 705 members (MEPs). It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India), with an electorate of 375 million eligible voters in 2009. Since 1979, the Parliament has been directly elected every five years by the citizens of the European Union through universal suffrage. Voter turnout in parliamentary elections decreased each time after 1979 until 2019, when voter turnout increased by eight percentage points, and rose above 50% for the first time since 1994. The voting age is 18 in all EU member states except for Malta and Austria, where it is 16, and Greece, where it is 17. Although the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European People's Party (European Parliament Group)
The European People's Party Group (EPP Group) is a centre-right political group of the European Parliament consisting of Member of the European Parliament, deputies (MEPs) from the member parties of the European People's Party (EPP). Sometimes it also includes independent MEPs and/or deputies from unaffiliated national parties. The EPP Group comprises politicians of Christian democracy, Christian-democratic, Conservativism, conservative and Liberal conservatism, liberal-conservative orientation. The European People's Party was officially founded as a European political party in 1976. However, the European People's Party Group in the European Parliament has existed in one form or another since June 1953, from the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community, making it one of the oldest European-level political groups. It has been the largest political group in the European Parliament since 1999. History The Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Estonia
The Prime Minister of Estonia (Estonian: ''peaminister'') is the head of government of the Republic of Estonia. The prime minister is nominated by the president after appropriate consultations with the parliamentary factions and confirmed by the parliament (''Riigikogu''). In case of disagreement, the Parliament can reject the president's nomination and choose their own candidate. In practice, since the prime minister must maintain the confidence of Parliament in order to remain in office, they are usually the leader of the senior partner in the governing coalition. The current prime minister is Kaja Kallas of the Reform Party. She took the office on 26 January 2021 following the resignation of Jüri Ratas. In their role as appointed by the president, the prime minister does not head any specific ministry. Rather, in accordance with the constitution, they supervise of the work of the government. The prime minister's significance and role in the government and their relations wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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