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Protestant Cemetery, Montpellier
The Protestant cemetery of Montpellier () is a historic, church-owned and operated United Protestant Church of France, Protestant cemetery located in the city of Montpellier, in France. The triangular-shaped cemetery surrounded by high walls on Palavas avenue is the fourth and only existing Protestant cemetery in Montpellier, as well as being the oldest active cemetery in the city. History and description At the start of the Reformation in Montpellier, followers of the Huguenots, new faith and converts to Protestantism were buried in the Catholic cemeteries. But in 1565, the Catholic officials applied to the governor of Languedoc, Henri de Montmorency, 3rd Duke of Montmorency, Henri de Montmorency for securing an injunction against Protestants from using the Roman Catholic cemeteries, and the new law prohibited the burial of Protestants on consecrated ground. Therefore, Protestants had to bury their deceased brethren clandestinely on private property until the Edict of Nantes gran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques-Louis Hénon
Jacques-Louis Hénon (31 May 1802 in Lyon – 28 March 1872 in Montpellier) was a French republican politician. He was member of the Corps législatif in 1852 and from 1857 to 1869. He was the mayor of Lyon from 1870 to 1872. Earlier in his career he served as a professor at the École vétérinaire de Lyon (1823–1824) and at the École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (1825–1833). He later studied medicine in Montpellier and Paris, submitting his graduate thesis in 1841. In 1848–49 he was a substitute instructor of botany at the ''École préparatoire de médecine et pharmacie de Lyon''.Henon, Jacques Louis Sociétés savantes de France On 4 September 1870 he proclaimed the |
Huguenot Cemeteries
The Huguenots ( , ; ) are a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Besançon Hugues, was in common use by the mid-16th century. ''Huguenot'' was frequently used in reference to those of the Reformed Church of France from the time of the Protestant Reformation. By contrast, the Protestant populations of eastern France, in Alsace, Moselle, and Montbéliard, were mainly Lutherans. In his ''Encyclopedia of Protestantism'', Hans Hillerbrand wrote that on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572, the Huguenot community made up as much as 10% of the French population. By 1600, it had declined to 7–8%, and was reduced further late in the century after the return of persecution under Louis XIV, who instituted the ''dragonnades'' to forcibly convert Protestants, and then finally revoked all Protestant rights in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestant Reformed Cemeteries
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. The five solae, five ''solae'' summarize the basic theological beliefs of mainstream Protestantism. Protestants follow the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began in the 16th century with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church from perceived Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies. The Reformation began in the Holy Roman Empire in 1517, when Martin Luther published his ''Ninety-five Theses'' as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church, which purported to offer the remission of the Purgatory, temporal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheran Cemeteries
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation in 1517. The Lutheran Churches adhere to the Bible and the Ecumenical Creeds, with Lutheran doctrine being explicated in the Book of Concord. Lutherans hold themselves to be in continuity with the apostolic church and affirm the writings of the Church Fathers and the first four ecumenical councils. The schism between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism, which was formalized in the Edict of Worms of 1521, centered around two points: the proper source of authority in the church, often called the formal principle of the Reformation, and the doctrine of justification, the material principle of Lutheran theology. Lutheranism advocates a doctrine of justification "by Grace alone through faith alone on the basis of Scripture alone", the do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cemeteries In France
A cemetery, burial ground, gravesite, graveyard, or a green space called a memorial park or memorial garden, is a place where the remains of many death, dead people are burial, buried or otherwise entombed. The word ''cemetery'' (from Greek language, Greek ) implies that the land is specifically designated as a burial ground and originally applied to the Ancient Rome, Roman catacombs. The term ''graveyard'' is often used interchangeably with cemetery, but a graveyard primarily refers to a burial ground within a churchyard. The intact or cremated remains of people may be interred in a grave, commonly referred to as burial, or in a tomb, an "above-ground grave" (resembling a sarcophagus), a mausoleum, a columbarium, a niche, or another edifice. In Western world, Western cultures, funeral ceremonies are often observed in cemeteries. These ceremonies or rites of passage differ according to culture, cultural practices and religion, religious beliefs. Modern cemeteries often inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism In France
Protestantism in France has existed in its various forms, starting with Calvinism and Lutheranism since the Protestant Reformation. John Calvin was a Frenchman, as were numerous other Protestant Reformers including William Farel, Pierre Viret and Theodore Beza, who was Calvin's successor in Geneva. Peter Waldo (Pierre Vaudes/de Vaux) was a merchant from Lyon, who founded a pre-Protestant group, the Waldensians. Martin Bucer was born a German in Alsace, which historically belonged to the Holy Roman Empire, but now belongs to France. Hans J. Hillerbrand in his ''Encyclopedia of Protestantism'' claims the Huguenots reached as much as 15% of the French population on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, declining to 10-12% by the end of the 16th century, and further after heavy persecution began once again with the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV. Protestants were granted a degree of religious freedom following the Edict of Nantes, but it ceased with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Victor Vallois
Henri Victor Vallois (11 April 1889 – 27 August 1981) was a French anthropologist and paleontologist. He was one of the editors in chief of the ''Revue d'Anthropologie'' from 1932 to 1970, and became director of the Musée de l'Homme The Musée de l'Homme (; literally "Museum of Mankind" or "Museum of Humanity") is an anthropology museum in Paris, France. It was established in 1937 by Paul Rivet for the 1937 ''Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moder ... in 1950. Bibliography * ''Les hommes fossiles, éléments de paléontologie humaine'', 1920 * ''Anthropologie de la population française'', 1943 * ''Les races humaines'', PUF, collection Que sais-je ?, 1944 See Interview d'Henri Victor Vallois(pdf) por Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel (director de investigaciones de CNRS) 15 de febrero de 1981. 1889 births 1981 deaths French anthropologists 20th-century French anthropologists {{France-academic-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeanne Galzy
Jeanne Galzy (1883–1977), born Louise Jeanne Baraduc, was a French novelist and biographer from Montpellier. She was a long-time member of the jury for the Prix Femina. Largely forgotten today, she was known as a regional author, but also wrote three novels early in her career that explore lesbian topics; she has been referred to as one of the "pioneers in the writing of lesbian desire and despair." Biography Galzy was born in 1883 in Montpellier, France, the daughter of a wholesaler and an unpublished poet. She grew up in a Protestant environment and went to better schools, exceedingly rare for a young girl of the time. She studied at the ''École normale supérieure de jeunes filles'' in Sèvres and passed the ''agrégation'' competitive exam. In 1915, she gained a position teaching at the boys' lycée in Montpellier; she was the first woman to teach at the school and replaced a man who had died in the trenches of World War I. While teaching, she contracted tuberculosis, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Leenhardt
Michel Maximilien Leenhardt (2 April 1853, Montpellier – 15 May 1941, Clapiers) was a French painter, known for landscapes, history paintings and genre scenes. Biography His father was a bank manager.Brief biography @ the . In 1872, he entered the "", where he studied with the history and painter, . During his time there, he made a study trip to Austria. In 1877, together with his cousin, Eugène Burnand, he we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand Sabatier
Armand Sabatier (, , ; 13 January 1834 – 22 December 1910) was a French zoologist known for his studies of comparative anatomy of animals, and for his work in photography, discovering and publishing in 1860 the Sabattier effect, also known as pseudo-solarisation. He studied in Montpellier, where he took special mathematics courses in high school, then enrolled in medicine. He then did three years of internship in Lyon, then returned to Montpellier, where he defended in 1863 his doctoral thesis of medicine, entitled "Anatomical, physiological and clinical study on pulmonary auscultation in children".. He married Laure Gervais de Rouville and they had a daughter, Jeanne. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 he was surgeon in charge of the ambulances of the South. After the war, he prepared his doctorate of sciences, which he obtained in 1873, after defending his thesis entitled "The heart and the central circulation of the vertebrates". He was appointed professor and chair of z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustave Chancel
Gustave Charles Bonaventure Chancel (18 January 1822 – 5 August 1890) was a French chemist who conducted research on organic and analytical chemistry while also examining chemical aspects of wine making. A method for determining the fineness of ground sulphur involves the use of a calibrated tube sometimes called Chancel's Sulphurimeter. Biography Chancel was born in Loriol to army officer Pierre Bonaventure Chancel (1773-1826) and Sophie Caroline de Pirch (1792-1864). A paternal uncle was General Jean-Théophile Chancel and his maternal grandfather Karl Ferdinand von Pirch (1766-1831) was a lord of justice for Dobberphul, Pomerania. After studying at Collège de Tournon and Charlemagne college, he joined Ecole Centrale, Paris. He then worked with Theophile Jules Pelouze on butyric acid derivatives. He became an assistant at the School of Mines in 1846 and worked there for two years. He then joined the University of Montpellier where he worked until the end of his life, col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
