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Porta Latina
The Porta Latina (Latin - ''Latin Gate'') is a single-arched gate in the Aurelian Walls of ancient Rome. History It marked the Rome end of the Via Latina and gives its name to the church of San Giovanni a Porta Latina. Most of the present structure dates to Honorius, including the arch's voussoirs (though they are often wrongly attributedAs in Touring Club Italiano, ''Roma e dintorni'' (Milan 1965), p. 388. to a 6th-century restoration by Belisarius, due to a cross and circle sculpted on the inner keystone, and the Chi Rho between Α and Ω sculpted on the outer keystone). The gate retained its name throughout the Middle Ages. Also nearby are the oratory of San Giovanni in Oleo and the pagan Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas. The gate's single arch is built of irregular blocks of travertine, with a row of five windows above on the outside, and a sixth in brick, at the south end, surmounted by stone battlements. The arch is flanked by two semi-circular towers of brick-faced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
14 Regions Of Augustan Rome
In 7 BC, Augustus divided the city of ancient Rome, Rome into 14 administrative regions (Latin , ). These replaced the four —or "quarters"—traditionally attributed to Servius Tullius, sixth king of Rome. They were further divided into official neighborhoods (). Originally designated by number, the regions acquired nicknames from major landmarks or Topography of ancient Rome, topographical features within them. After the reign of Constantine the Great, the imperial city of Constantinople was also divided into fourteen ''regiones'', on the Roman example: the 14 regions of Constantinople. History of Rome's regions Evidence of regions in Rome before Augustus is limited. Writing in the mid-40s BC, Marcus Terentius Varro describes four 'partes urbis', referring to them individually as a ‘regio’ with both names and numbers: I Suburana, II Esquilina, III Collina and IV Palatina. Varro also provides evidence for vici in Republican Rome, deriving the word vicus from via and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Chi Rho
The Chi Rho (☧, English pronunciation ; also known as ''chrismon'') is one of the earliest forms of the Christogram, formed by superimposing the first two (capital) letters—chi (letter), chi and rho (ΧΡ)—of the Greek (Romanization of Greek, rom: Christ (title), Christos) in such a way that the vertical stroke of the rho intersects the center of the chi. The Chi-Rho symbol was used by the Roman Emperors, Roman Emperor Constantine the Great (r. 306–337 AD) as part of a military standard (vexillum). Constantine's standard was known as the Labarum. Early symbols similar to the Chi Rho were the Staurogram () and the IX monogram (). Although formed of Greek characters, the device (or its separate parts) is frequently found serving as an abbreviation in Latin text, with endings added appropriate to a Latin noun, thus ''XPo'', signifying ''Christo'', "to Christ", the dative form of ''Christus'', or ', signifying ''Christicola'', "Christian", in the Latin lyrics of ''Sumer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Porta Maggiore
The Porta Maggiore ("Larger Gate"), or Porta Prenestina, is one of the eastern gates in the ancient but well-preserved 3rd-century Aurelian Walls of Rome. Through the gate ran two ancient roads: the Via Praenestina and the Via Labicana. The Via Prenestina was the eastern road to the ancient town of Praeneste (modern Palestrina). The Via Labicana (now called the '' Via Casilina'') heads southeast from the city. History The Porta Maggiore was built by Emperor Claudius in 52 AD, and was later restored by Vespasian and Titus around 20 to 30 years after its construction. In the AD 270s, Porta Maggiore became a gate in the Aurelian Walls. In the 19th century, some of the brick infill was removed to ease a large amount of traffic flowing through the gate. The gate The Porta Maggiore is by far a significant urban site to visit for an understanding and view of the ancient aqueducts. It is a monumental double archway built of white travertine. It was first known as the Porta Prenestin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Porta Asinaria
The Porta Asinaria is a gate in the Aurelian Walls of Rome. Dominated by two protruding tower blocks and associated guard rooms, it was built between 271 and 275 AD, at the same time as the Wall itself. Unlike most of the other gates, it was not rebuilt or fortified by Honorius or restored by Theodoric. It is through this gate that East Roman troops under General Belisarius entered the city in 536, reclaiming the city for the Byzantine Empire from the Ostrogoths. By the 16th century it had become overwhelmed by traffic. A new breach in the walls was made nearby to create the Porta San Giovanni. At this point, the Porta Asinaria was closed to traffic. See also * *List of ancient monuments in Rome This is a list of ancient monuments from Roman Republic, Republican and Roman Empire, Imperial periods in the city of Rome, Italy. Amphitheaters * Amphitheater of Caligula * Amphitheatrum Castrense * Amphitheater of Nero * Amphitheater of Stati ... Notes References * * Furt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
List Of Ancient Monuments In Rome
This is a list of ancient monuments from Roman Republic, Republican and Roman Empire, Imperial periods in the city of Rome, Italy. Amphitheaters * Amphitheater of Caligula * Amphitheatrum Castrense * Amphitheater of Nero * Amphitheater of Statilius Taurus * Colosseum Baths * Baths of Agrippa * Baths of Caracalla * Baths of Commodus * Baths of Constantine (Rome), Baths of Constantine * Baths of Decius * Baths of Diocletian * Baths of Licinius Sura * Baths of Nero and Alexander * Baths of Septimius Severus * Baths of Titus * Baths of Trajan (later misnamed the Baths of Domitian) Circuses * Circus Flaminius * Circus Maximus * Circus of Maxentius * Circus of Nero * Circus Varianus Gardens * Gardens of Lucullus * Gardens of Maecenas * Gardens of Sallust * Horti Aciliorum * Horti Agrippinae * Horti Caesaris * Horti Domitiae * Horti Lamiani * Horti Liciniani * Horti Lolliani * Horti Pompeiani * Horti Tauriani Porticoes * Porticus Aemilia * Porticus Deorum Consentium * Porticu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Battlement
A battlement, in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height), in which gaps or indentations, which are often rectangular, occur at intervals to allow for the launch of arrows or other projectiles from within the defences. These gaps are termed embrasures, also called crenels or crenelles, and a wall or building with them is described as ; alternative older terms are and . The act of adding crenels to a previously unbroken parapet is termed crenellation. The function of battlements in war is to protect the defenders by giving them part of the parapet to hide behind, from which they can quickly expose themselves to launch projectiles, then retreat behind the parapet. A defensive building might be designed and built with battlements, or a manor house might be fortified by adding battlements, where no parapet previously existed, or cutting crenellations into its existing parape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Travertine
Travertine ( ) is a form of terrestrial limestone deposited around mineral springs, especially hot springs. It often has a fibrous or concentric appearance and exists in white, tan, cream-colored, and rusty varieties. It is formed by a process of rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate, often at the mouth of a hot spring or in a limestone cave. In the latter, it can form stalactites, stalagmites, and other speleothems. Travertine is frequently used in Italy and elsewhere as a building material. Similar, but softer and extremely porous deposits formed from ambient-temperature water are known as ''tufa''. Definition Travertine is a sedimentary rock formed by the chemical precipitation of calcium carbonate minerals from fresh water, typically in springs, rivers, and lakes; that is, from surface and ground waters. In the broadest sense, travertine includes deposits in both hot and cold springs, including the porous, spongy rock known as tufa, and also the cave features known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Columbarium Of Pomponius Hylas
The Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas is a 1st-century CE Roman columbarium, situated near the Porta Latina on the Via di Porta Latina, Rome, Italy. It was discovered and excavated in 1831 by Pietro Campana. Though its name derives from Pomponius Hylas, who lived during the Flavian dynasty, Flavian period (69–96 CE), the building itself has been dated to between 14 and 54 CE due to inscriptions on two of its niches (one dedicated to a freedman of Tiberius and the other to a freedman of Claudia Octavia, daughter of Claudius and Messalina). It was later bought by Pomponius Hylas for himself and his wife, and he added the mosaic panel over the entrance steps, which is decorated with griffins and reads: The inscription also has a V (meaning vivit) over Pomponia's name, showing she was alive when the panel was added. References and citations Further reading * Nash, Ernest. ''Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome.'' London: A. Zwemmer, 1962. Sources Nerone april 1996: The Columba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pagan
Paganism (, later 'civilian') is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Christianity, Judaism, and Samaritanism. In the time of the Roman Empire, individuals fell into the pagan class either because they were increasingly rural and provincial relative to the Christian population, or because they were not '' milites Christi'' (soldiers of Christ).J. J. O'Donnell (1977)''Paganus'': Evolution and Use, ''Classical Folia'', 31: 163–69. Alternative terms used in Christian texts were '' hellene'', '' gentile'', and '' heathen''. Ritual sacrifice was an integral part of ancient Greco-Roman religion and was regarded as an indication of whether a person was pagan or Christian. Paganism has broadly connoted the "religion of the peasantry". During and after the Middle Ages, the term ''paganism'' was applied to any non-Christian religion, and the term presumed a belief in f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
San Giovanni In Oleo
San Giovanni in Oleo is a chapel adjacent to the churches of Rome, church of San Giovanni a Porta Latina in Rome. It commemorates the place where, according to legend, in 92 AD, at the hands of the emperor Domitian, the apostle Saint John the Evangelist, John was immersed in a vat of boiling oil from which he emerged unharmed. Tradition relates that, having failed to execute the apostle, Domitian exiled him to the island of Patmos where John wrote the biblical Book of Revelation. It is supposed that John later died and was buried in Ephesus where a large Basilica of St. John, basilica was built to house his relics. He is the only one of the Twelve Disciples to have been spared from martyrdom. Although the current building is not ancient, the small centralized form - customarily employed by the Romans for Martyrium (architecture), martyria, Mausoleum, mausolea and other memorial purposes - may have been inspired by an earlier structure. Documentary sources seem to indicate that San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Keystone (architecture)
A keystone (or capstone) is the wedge-shaped stone at the apex (geometry), apex of a masonry arch or typically round-shaped one at the apex of a Vault (architecture), vault. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to bear weight. In arches and vaults (such as quasi-domes) keystones are often enlarged beyond the structural requirements and decorated. A variant in domes and crowning vaults is a lantern (architecture), lantern. A portion of the arch surrounding the keystone is called a Crown (arch), crown. Keystones or their suggested form are sometimes placed for decorative effect in the centre of the flat top of doors, recesses and windows, so as to form an upward projection of a lintel, as a hallmark of strength or good architecture. Although a masonry arch or vault cannot be self-supporting until the keystone is placed, the keystone experiences the least stress of any of the voussoirs, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
