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Plombières Agreement
The Plombières Agreement ( it, Accordi di Plombières, french: Entrevue de Plombières) of the 21 July 1858 was a secret verbal agreement which took place at Plombières-les-Bains between the chief minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, Count Cavour, and the French Emperor, Napoleon III. Some older English languages refer to it as the Treaty of Plombières. In modern times, it is merely referred to as an "agreement", since nothing was actually signed. For evidential reasons there have been disputes on details of what was agreed at the meeting, but as years passed it was apparent that the agreement had opened the way for the , on the 28th of January 1859, and for the Second Italian War of Independence that became a vital step along to Italian unification within fewer than ten years. The Plombières Agreement was an agreement concerning a future war in which France and Piedmont would ally themselves against Austria to remove and exclude Austrian influence from the Italian peninsula. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italia 1843
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region. Italy is also considered part of Western Europe, and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. It has a territorial exclave in Switzerland, Campione. Italy covers an area of , with a population of over 60 million. It is the third-most populous member state of the European Union, the sixth-most populous country in Europe, and the tenth-largest country in the continent by land area. Italy's capital and largest city is Rome. Italy was the native place of many civilizations such as the Italic peoples and the Etruscans, while due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, the country has also historically been home t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosario Romeo
Rosario Romeo (11 October 1924 – 16 March 1987) was a leading historian of the Italian Risorgimento and of Italian modern history more generally. His best-known work is probably the wide-ranging and substantial (3 volume) biography of Cavour, of which the third volume appeared only in 1984, following a gestation period, according to at least one source, of nearly thirty years. Romeo also became a politician, sitting as a member of the Italian Republican Party in the European Parliament between 1984 and his death in 1987. Life Rosario Romeo was born in Giarre, a small town on the eastern coast of Sicily. His passion for History was triggered when he was 14 and he read "Il Medioevo" (''"The Middle Ages"'') by Gioacchino Volpe. He studied at the University of Catania under the historian-politician Gioacchino Volpe and the historian Nino Valeri, graduating in 1947 with a dissertation on the Risorgimento in Sicily. In 1947 he won a scholarship awarded by the newly establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfredo Panzini
Alfredo Panzini (31 December 1863 – 10 April 1939) was an Italian novelist and lexicographer. Born in Senigallia, Panzini was a student of Giosuè Carducci at the University of Bologna. Panzini worked as a secondary school teacher before becoming a writer. Panzini is noted for the humorous and often genial tone of his writings. Among his many works, there are ''Libro dei Morti is a Japanese book retailer. A unit of the Seiyu Group, it is headquartered in the , Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest ...'' (1893), ''Santippe'' (1914), and '' Il diavolo nella mia libreria'' (1920). The idiosyncratic Italian dictionary he authored, ''Dizionario moderno'',PDF covered all forms of the language including slang. It was printed in several editions. Panzini also penned several historical works, and in 1929 was among the first members of the Royal Academy of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Perseveranza
''La Perseveranza'' was a daily newspaper founded in Milan, the capital of Lombardy, on 29 November 1859 and published till 20 May 1922. It was generally representative of the centre-right political establishment, though there were occasions when it proved more than capable of taking an independent position. History and profile The paper was founded by a group of liberals and monarchists a few days after the annexation of Lombardy to Piedmont-Sardinia in the wider context of Italian unification. Its founders were wealthy members of the city's leading families, politically supportive of the Piedmontese First Minister, Count Cavour's unification strategy. Three of the most prominent of them, Giovanni Visconti Venosta, Gaetano Negri and Stefano Jacini were members of the "Constitutional Association".Maria Assunta De Nicola, ''Mario Borsa. Biografia di un giornalista'', 2012, Università della Tuscia, p. 28. The starting paid up share capital of 300,000 lire was considered lav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden () is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with France, and forty kilometres (twenty-five miles) north-east of Strasbourg, France. In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Great Spa Towns of Europe", because of its famous spas and architecture that exemplifies the popularity of spa towns in Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries. Name The springs at Baden-Baden were known to the Romans as ("The Waters") and ("Aurelia-of-the-Waters") after M. Aurelius Severus Alexander Augustus. In modern German, ' is a noun meaning "bathing" but Baden, the original name of the town, derives from an earlier plural form of ' ( "bath"). (Modern German uses the plural form '.) As with the English placename "Bath", other Badens are at hot springs thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora
Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora (; 18 November 18045 January 1878) was an Italian general and statesman. His older brothers include soldier and naturalist Alberto della Marmora and Alessandro Ferrero La Marmora, founder of the branch of the Italian army now called the Bersaglieri. Biography Born in Turin, he entered the Sardinian army in 1823, and was a captain in March 1848, when he gained distinction and the rank of major at the . On 5 August 1848 he liberated Charles Albert of Sardinia from a revolutionary mob in Milan, and in October was promoted general and appointed Minister of War. After suppressing the revolt of Genoa in 1849, he again assumed in November 1849 the portfolio of war, which, save during the period of his command of the Crimean expedition, he retained until 1859. This cites G. Massani, ''Il generale Alfonso La Marmora'' (Milan, 1880) He took part in the war of 1859 against Austria; and in July of that year succeeded Cavour in the premiership. In 1860 he was se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vosges
The Vosges ( , ; german: Vogesen ; Franconian and gsw, Vogese) are a range of low mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort– Ronchamp– Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt– Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain. The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at , followed by the Storkenkopf (), and the Hohneck (). IGN maps available oGéoportail/ref> Geography Geographically, the Vosges Mountains are wholly in France, far above the Col de Saverne separating them from the Palatinate Forest in Germany. The latter area logically continues the same Vosges geologic structure but traditionally receives this different name for historical and political reasons. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Conneau
François-Alexandre-Henri Conneau (1803–1877) or Doctor Conneau (''Docteur''), was a loyal attendant of Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A neph ....The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte, Volume 6 by William Hazlitt pages 172, 173 Further reading * ''Docteur Henri Conneau (Milan,1803-La Porta,1877) Ami le Plus Fidèle, Confident le Plus Intime de l'Empereur Napoléon III'' Bernard, Hervé., Biarritz 2008 (French). References 1803 births 1877 deaths {{France-med-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costantino Nigra
Costantino, count Nigra (11 June 1828 – 1 July 1907) was an Italian diplomat. Biography Nigra was born at Villa Castelnuovo, in the province of Turin. During the war of 1848 he interrupted his studies to serve as a volunteer against Austria, and was wounded at the battle of Rivoli. On the conclusion of peace he entered the Piedmontese foreign office; he accompanied Victor Emmanuel and Cavour to Paris and London in 1855, and in the following year he took part in the conference of Paris by which the Crimean War was brought to an end. After the meeting at Plombières between Cavour and Napoleon III Nigra was sent to Paris again to popularize a Franco-Piedmontese alliance, Nigra being, as Cavour said, the only person perhaps who knows all my thoughts, even the most secret. He was instrumental in negotiating the marriage between Victor Emmanuel's daughter Clothilde and Napoleon's nephew, and during the war of 1859 he was always with the emperor. He was recalled from Paris when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Emmanuel II Of Italy
en, Victor Emmanuel Maria Albert Eugene Ferdinand Thomas , house = Savoy , father = Charles Albert of Sardinia , mother = Maria Theresa of Austria , religion = Roman Catholicism , image_size = 252px , succession1 = King of Sardinia and Duke of Savoy , reign1 = 23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861 , predecessor1 = Charles Albert , reg-type1 = , regent1 = , signature = Signatur Viktor Emanuel II..PNG Victor Emmanuel II ( it, Vittorio Emanuele II; full name: ''Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia''; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was King of Sardinia from 1849 until 17 March 1861, when he assumed the title of King of Italy and became the first king of an independent, united Italy since the 6th century, a title he held until his death in 1878. Borrowing from the old Latin title '' Pater Patriae'' of the Roman emperors, the Italians gave him the epithet of ''Father of the Fatherland'' ( it, Pad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Maria Clotilde Of Savoy
french: Louise Thérèse Marie Clotilde , spouse = , issue = Victor, Prince Napoléon Prince Louis Princess Maria Letizia, Duchess of Aosta , house = Savoy , father = Victor Emmanuel II of Italy , mother = Adelaide of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Royal Palace of Turin, Turin, Sardinia , death_date = , death_place = Castle of Moncalieri, Moncalieri, Italy , module = Coat of arms of Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy Maria Clotilde of Savoy (Ludovica Teresa Maria Clotilde; 2 March 1843 – 25 June 1911) was born in Turin to Vittorio Emanuele II, later King of Italy and his first wife, Adelaide of Austria. She was the wife of Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte. She is venerated in the Catholic Church, having been declared Servant of God by Pope Pius XII. Early life and ancestry Maria Clotilde was the eldest of eight children born to Victor Emmanuel II, King of Sardinia by his first wife and cousin, Archduchess Adelaide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Napoléon Bonaparte
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word ''prince'', from the Latin noun , from (first) and (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince". Historical background The Latin word (older Latin *prīsmo-kaps, literally "the one who takes the first lace/position), became the usual title of the informal leader of the Roman senate some centuries before the transition to empire, the ''princeps senatus''. Emperor Augustus established the formal position of monarch on the basis of principate, not dominion. He also tasked his grandsons as summer rulers of the city when most of the government were on holiday in the country or attending religious rituals, and, for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
