|
Photographic Processes
A list of photographic processing techniques. Color * Agfacolor ** Ap-41 process (pre-1978 Agfa color slides; 1978-1983 was a transition period when Agfa slowly changed their color slide films from AP-41 to E6) * Anthotype * Autochrome Lumière, 1903 *Carbon print, 1862 * Chromogenic positive ( Ektachrome) ** E-3 process ** E-4 process **E-6 process * Chromogenic negative ** C-41 process ** RA-4 process * Dufaycolor * Dye destruction ** Cibachrome ** Ilfochrome *Dye-transfer process * Finlaycolor *Heliochrome * Kinemacolor *Kodachrome ** K-12 process ** K-14 process * Lippmann plate, 1891 * One-light Black and white (monochrome) A * Abration tone * Acetate film * Albertype *Albumen print, 1850 * Algraphy *Ambrotype * Amphitype * Amylotype * Anaglyph * Anthotype * Anthrakotype * Archertype * Argentotype * Argyrotype * Aristo paper * Aristotype * Aristo * Artotype * Atrephograph * Atrograph * Aurotype * Autotype (photographic process) B * Barrieotype * Baryta coated paper * Baya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photographic Processing
Photographic processing or photographic development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image. Photographic processing transforms the latent image into a visible image, makes this permanent and renders it insensitive to light.Karlheinz Keller et al. "Photography" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. All processes based upon the gelatin silver process are similar, regardless of the film or paper's manufacturer. Exceptional variations include instant films such as those made by Polaroid and thermally developed films. Kodachrome required Kodak's proprietary K-14 process. Kodachrome film production ceased in 2009, and K-14 processing is no longer available as of December 30, 2010. Ilfochrome materials use the dye destruction process. Deliberately using the wrong process for a film is known as cross processing. Common processes All p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dye-transfer Process
Dye transfer is a continuous-tone color photographic printing process. It was used to print Technicolor films, as well as to produce paper colour prints used in advertising, or large transparencies for display. History The use of dye imbibition for making full-color prints from a set of black-and-white photographs taken through different color filter (optics), filters was first proposed and patented by Charles Cros in 1880.Pénichon, Sylvie (2013). "Twentieth-Century Color Photographs: Identification and Care". The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles. pp. 127-131. It was commercialized by Sanger Shepherd, Edward Sanger-Shepherd, who in 1900 was marketing kits for making color prints on paper and Slide projector, slides for projection. Imbibition printing was initially in monochrome. The basic underlying principle is that bichromate development of a silver gelatine photographic emulsion (not strictly a real chemical emulsion) results in the gelatine being differentially tanne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albumen Print
Egg white is the clear liquid (also called the albumen or the glair/glaire) contained within an egg. In chickens, it is formed from the layers of secretions of the anterior section of the hen's oviduct during the passage of the egg. It forms around Fertilisation#Fertilisation in animals, fertilized or unfertilized yolk, egg yolks. The primary natural purpose of egg white is to protect the yolk and provide additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo (when fertilized). Egg white consists primarily of about 90% water into which about 10% proteins (including albumins, mucoproteins, and globulins) are dissolved. Unlike the yolk, which is high in lipids (fats), egg white contains almost no fat, and carbohydrate content is less than 1%. Egg whites contain about 56% of the protein in the egg. Egg white has many Egg (food), uses in food (e.g. meringue, mousse) as well as many other uses (e.g. in the preparation of vaccines such as Influenza vaccine, those for influenza). Composition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albertype
An Albertype is a picture printed from a type of gelatine-coated plate produced by means of a photographic negative. The process was invented by Josef Albert, a German photographer who owned and directed a studio and photo lab in Augsburg, Germany. The technique is similar to collotype, but substitutes the gel plate for the lithographic stone used in collotype. Heliotype, invented in 1871 by Edwards, is another similar process. Albert's innovation was to replace the copper or stone with glass, construct a mechanical press, and cover it with another gel layer, silicate mixed with gelatin, in order to produce about two thousand prints from each plate using etching presses and hand rollers. This new process was presented at the 1868 Photographic Exhibition in Hamburg and "albertype" was the name given by Joseph Albert.The Historical Society of Pennsylvani"Albertype Company This technique was adopted by publishers creating thousands of postcards and viewbooks. In 1890, Adolph an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetate Film
Cellulose acetate film, or safety film, is used in photography as a base material for photographic emulsions. It was introduced in the early 20th century by film manufacturers and intended as a safe film base replacement for unstable and highly flammable nitrate film. Cellulose diacetate film was first employed commercially for photographic film in 1909. Cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate were introduced in the 1930s, and cellulose triacetate in the late 1940s. Acetate films were later replaced by polyester bases. The motion picture industry continued to use cellulose nitrate supports until the introduction of cellulose triacetate in 1948, which met the rigorous safety and performance standards set by the cinematographic industry. The chemical instability of cellulose acetate material, unrecognized at the time of its introduction, has since become a major problem for film archives and collections. History Cellulose diacetate film was first created by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One-light
A one-light is a timed workprint made using a ''single'' setting of the three lights (red, green and blue) used to make a color film print. Since a fully timed print requires the presence of a skilled person called a color timer (US) or film grader (UK), a one-light print is more economical for printing dailies In filmmaking, dailies or rushes are the raw, film editing, unedited footage shot during the making of a motion picture. The term "dailies" comes from when movies were all shot on film because usually at the end of each day, the footage was dev ... (positive) from rushes (negative). Cinematographers often require one-light workprints to better judge their film exposures. Cinematography Photographic techniques {{filmmaking-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lippmann Plate
Lippmann process photography is an early color photography method and type of alternative process photography. It was invented by French scientist Gabriel Lippmann in 1891 and consists of first focusing an image onto a Photographic plate, light-sensitive plate, placing the Photographic emulsion, emulsion in contact with a mirror (originally liquid Mercury (element), mercury) during the Exposure (photography), exposure to introduce wave interference, interference, Photographic developer, chemically Photographic processing, developing the plate, inverting the plate and painting the glass black, and finally affixing a Prism (optics), prism to the emulsion surface. The image is then viewed by illuminating the plate with light. This type of photography became known as interferential photography or interferometric colour photography and the results it produces are sometimes called direct photochromes, interference photochromes, or Lippmann photochromes (distinguished from the earlier so-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-14 Process
K-14 was the most recent version of the developing process for Kodak's Kodachrome transparency film before its discontinuation (the last revision having been designated Process K-14M). It superseded previous versions of the Kodachrome process used with older films (such as K-12 for Kodachrome II and Kodachrome-X). The K-14 process differed significantly from its contemporary, the E-6 process, in both complexity and length. Kodachrome film has no integral color couplers; dyes are produced during processing (each color in a separate step) by the reaction of the color coupler with the oxidized developing agent, both in the developer solution. Due to declining sales, Kodak discontinued production of all K-14 chemistry in 2009, concurrently with Kodachrome 64 film. Dwayne's Photo, in Parsons, Kansas, operated the last K-14 line in the world, discontinued sales on 30 December 2010; the last roll was processed on 18 January 2011. Steps The cross-section of Kodachrome film consists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-12 Process
K-1 is a professional kickboxing promotion established in 1993 by karateka Kazuyoshi Ishii. Originally under the ownership of the Fighting and Entertainment Group (FEG), K-1 was considered to be the largest Kickboxing organization in the world. The organization was known for its heavyweight division fights and Grand Prix tournaments. K-1 also promoted mixed martial arts events, with some events having both kickboxing and MMA matches on their cards (such as their Dynamite!! series). The promotion has also held several tournaments under K-2 and K-3 banners from 1993 to 1995. FEG would later face financial issues in the 2010s, and eventually went bankrupt in 2012. That same year, K-1 Global Holdings Limited, a company registered in Hong Kong, acquired the rights to K-1. In 2023, global rights to the K-1 brand were acquired by M-1 Sports Media. The letter K in K-1 is officially designated as a representation of words karate, kickboxing and kung fu. Nevertheless, some reports sugg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodachrome
Kodachrome is the brand name for a color reversal film introduced by Eastman Kodak in 1935. It was one of the first successful color materials and was used for both cinematography and still photography. For many years, Kodachrome was widely used for professional color photography, especially for images intended for publication in print media. Because of its complex processing requirements, the film was initially sold only with the cost of processing; independent photography stores were prohibited from developing Kodachrome. To develop the film, customers had to mail it to Kodak, which would then send the developed film back as part of the purchase price. In 1954, the U.S. Department of Justice found that this practice violated antitrust laws by being uncompetitive. Kodak then entered into a consent decree, requiring the company to offer Kodachrome film for sale without the development fee, as well as license Kodachrome development patents to independent photography stores. Kodak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
