|
Pedro De Céspedes Y Del Castillo
Pedro de Céspedes was a Cuban revolutionary and landowner who was executed in the Virginius Affair during the Ten Years' War. Early life Pedro de Céspedes y del Castillo was born in Bayamo, Oriente Province, Spanish Cuba on January 31, 1825. He was a member of a prominent Cuban family and the younger brother of the first President of the Republic of Cuba in Arms Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. Pedro de Céspedes was educated in the Bayamo region in Eastern Cuba. In the 1860s, he became a member of the Masonic Order of Buena Fe of Manzanillo. Ten Years' War He backed the revolutionary cause led by his brother to achieve Cuban independence from Spanish colonial rule. His brother Carlos coordinated meetings with various groups to plan an insurrection against the Spanish government. Amid the earlier-than-expected start of the Ten Years' War, Pedro de Céspedes signed 'El Acta de Independencia' in Oriente on October 10, 1868, with 15 other signatories, including his brother and Bartol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayamo
Bayamo is the capital city of the Granma Province of Cuba and one of the largest cities in the Oriente region. Overview The community of Bayamo lies on a plain by the Bayamo River. It is affected by the violent Bayamo wind. One of the most important education institutions in the province is the University of Granma. History Established in 1513, Bayamo was the second of seven cities founded by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar. Francisco Iznaga, a Basque landowner in the western portion of Cuba during the first 30 years of the colonization of Cuba, was elected mayor in 1540. Iznaga was the originator of a powerful lineage that finally settled in Trinidad, where the Torre Iznaga (Iznaga Tower) is. His descendants fought for the independence of Cuba, from 1820 to 1900. During much of the 16th century it was one of the most important agricultural and commercial settlements of the island. Its inland situation gave it relative security against the pirates who infested West Indian s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1825 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis I of the Two Sicilies, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes an island after a flood drowns its wide isthmus. * February 9 – After no presidential candidate receives a majority of United States Electoral College votes following the 1824 United States presidential election, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams President of the United States in a contingent election. * February 10 – Gideon Mantell names and describes the second known dinosaur ''Iguanodon''. * February 10 – Simón Bolívar gives up his title of dictator of Peru and takes the alternative title of ''El Libertador''. * February 12 – Second Treaty of Indian Springs: The Creek (people), Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Nepomuceno Burriel
Juan N. Burriel (December 13, 1823December 24, 1877) was a Spanish army general who served in the Second Carlist War, Spanish-Moroccan War, and Ten Years' War. Early life Juan Nepomuceno Burriel y Linch was born in the Spanish province of Cádiz, in the town of Rota, on December 13, 1823. Antonio Burriel de Montemayor, his father, held the title of Knight in the Royal Orders of Saint Ferdinand and San Hermenegildo. At the age of twelve, he entered the general military academy of Segovia. When Carlist general Zaratiegui conquered Segovia in 1837, Burriel was forced to relocate to Madrid. By 1840, he rose to the rank of lieutenant, later entering the General Staff School in 1843, where he was promoted and earned commendations. Burriel participated in various military campaigns, including the pursuit of Carlist forces during the Second Carlist War. He was awarded the 1st Class San Fernando Cross. He was assigned to the Captaincy General of Aragon in 1852. In 1859, he parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Execution By Firing Squad
Execution by firing squad, in the past sometimes called fusillading (from the French , rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war. Some reasons for its use are that firearms are usually readily available and a gunshot to a vital organ, such as the brain or heart, most often will kill relatively quickly. Procedure A firing squad is normally composed of at least several shooters, all of whom are usually instructed to fire simultaneously, thus preventing both disruption of the process by one member and identification of who fired the lethal shot. To avoid disfigurement due to multiple shots to the head, the shooters are typically instructed to aim at the heart, sometimes aided by a paper or cloth target. The prisoner is typically blindfolded or Hood (headgear), hooded as well as restrained. Execution (legal), Executions can be carried out with the condemned either standing or sitting. There is a tradition in some jurisdiction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago De Cuba
Santiago de Cuba is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana. The municipality extends over , and contains the communities of Antonio Maceo, Bravo, Castillo Duany, Daiquirí, El Caney, El Cobre, Cuba, El Cobre, El Cristo, Guilera, Leyte Vidal, Moncada and Siboney, Cuba, Siboney. Historically Santiago de Cuba was the second-most important city on the island after Havana, and remains the second-largest. It is on a bay connected to the Caribbean Sea and an important sea port. In the 2022, the city of Santiago de Cuba recorded a population of 507,167 people. History Santiago de Cuba was the seventh village founded by Spanish conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar on 25 July 1515. The settlement was destroyed by fire in 1516, and was immediately rebuilt. This was the starting point of the expeditions led by Juan de Grijalba and Hernán Cort� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piracy
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and valuable goods, or taking hostages. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, and vessels used for piracy are called pirate ships. The earliest documented instances of piracy were in the 14th century BC, when the Sea Peoples, a group of ocean raiders, attacked the ships of the Aegean and Mediterranean civilisations. Narrow channels which funnel shipping into predictable routes have long created opportunities for piracy, as well as for privateering and commerce raiding. Historic examples of such areas include the waters of Gibraltar, the Strait of Malacca, Madagascar, the Gulf of Aden, and the English Channel, whose geographic structures facilitated pirate attacks. The term ''piracy'' generally refers to maritime piracy, although the term has been generalized to refer to acts committed on land, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court-martial
A court-martial (plural ''courts-martial'' or ''courts martial'', as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the armed forces subject to military law, and, if the defendant is found guilty, to decide upon punishment. In addition, courts-martial may be used to try prisoners of war for war crimes. The Geneva Conventions require that POWs who are on trial for war crimes be subject to the same procedures as would be the holding military's own forces. Finally, courts-martial can be convened for other purposes, such as dealing with violations of martial law, and can involve civilian defendants. Most navies have a standard court-martial which convenes whenever a ship is lost; this does not presume that the captain is suspected of wrongdoing, but merely that the circumstances surrounding the loss of the ship be made part of the official record. Most military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Fry (captain)
Joseph Fry (June 14, 1826November 7, 1873) was a former U. S. Naval Officer, U.S. Naval Officer, Confederate Civil War veteran, and commander of the ill-fated ''Virginius Affair, Virginius''. Early history Joseph Fry was born on June 14, 1826, in Tampa Bay, Florida in the United States. He decided early on to pursue a career in the Navy. He presented himself before John Tyler and asked to be sent to the United States Naval Academy. Fry graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis with honors. He entered the United States Navy as a midshipman on September 15, 1841. As a naval officer, his first experience was acquired on the ''USS Missouri (1841), USS Missouri''. During the Mexican–American War, the Siege of Veracruz in March 1847 was his first experience of naval warfare on board the ''USS Vixen (1846), USS Vixen''. Upon his return home, he served on the vessels of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey for several years. By the 1860s, Fry had 15 years of experienc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William A
William is a masculine given name of Germanic origin. It became popular in England after the Norman conquest in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will or Wil, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, Billie, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie). Female forms include Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the German given name ''Wilhelm''. Both ultimately descend from Proto-Germanic ''*Wiljahelmaz'', with a direct cognate also in the Old Norse name ''Vilhjalmr'' and a West Germanic borrowing into Medieval Latin ''Willelmus''. The Proto-Germanic name is a compound of *''wiljô'' "will, wish, desire" and *''helmaz'' "helm, helmet".Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesús Del Sol
Jesús del Sol (1835 - November 4, 1873) was a Cuban statesman and high-ranking Cuban military figure who was executed in the Virginius Affair during the Ten Years' War. Early life Jesús del Sol was born in Cienfuegos, Las Villas in Cuba in 1835. His parents were wealthy planters, and he had a sizable property of coffee plantations, horses and cattle before the first independence war. Ten Years' War When the Ten Years' War commenced, Jesús del Sol burned the family plantation, approximately worth $50,000. Enrolling in the ranks of the Cuban Liberation Army in 1869, he fought for Cuba's freedom as a mambí captain under the general command of Federico Fernández Cavada. Jesús Del Sol commanded the Colón district. In 1870, his command of 1,400 men was reported to be encamped between Colón, Maragua, and Palmillas. In the spring of 1871, while ill and alone in a hut near Santiago, a man brought him coffee with the intent to claim the bounty offered by the Spanish government f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernabé Varona
Bernabé Varona (1845November 4, 1873), also known as Bembetta, was a Cuban revolutionary and mambí General who was executed during the Ten Years' War in 1873. Early life Bernabé Varona y Borrero was born in the district of Puerto Príncipe (now Camagüey) in Spanish Cuba in 1845. He was the son of Bernabé Varona and María Borrero y Duque de Estrada. His father was a prominent Cuban citizen and wealthy sugar planter in Puerto Príncipe. Sent by his patriotic mother, he received his college education in the United States. After completing his education, he returned to Cuba and began his years-long opposition to Spanish rule. Varona became a member of the Tínima Masonic Lodge No. 16 in Puerto Príncipe, along with other prominent figures of the region's society. In 1868, Varona was taken prisoner and sent to Havana where he was reported to the captain-general Domingo Dulce as one of the most desperate and dangerous men then opposed to the Spanish government. Ten Years' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
