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Pechin
, or , historically ''Opoyakomoi'', was a rank among the Yukatchu class of the former Ryukyu Kingdom (modern-day Okinawa, Japan), above the rank of Satunushi and below the rank of Ueekata. As scholar-officials, they often served in administrative positions in the Ryukyuan government. Placed in the upper class, the Pechin would often travel with a servant at their side. There were three ranks of Pechin: , , and Pekumi or Pechin. See also * Arakaki Seishō * Gushiken surname * Okinawa Prefecture * Pechin Higa * Pechin Takahara * Ryukyuan people The are a Japonic-speaking East Asian ethnic group indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands, which stretch from the island of Kyushu to the island of Taiwan. With Japan, most Ryukyuans live in the Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture. They sp ... References * ''Okinawa, The History of an Island People'' by George H. Kerr * ''The Language of the Old-Okinawan Omoro Sōshi: Reference Grammar, with Textual Selections'', by Rumiko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yukatchu
''Yukatchu'' (), also known as ''Samuree'' (), were the aristocracy of the Ryukyu Kingdom. The scholar-bureaucrats of classical Chinese studies living in Kumemura held most government positions. Ryukyuan Caste System The ''Yukatchu'' were part of a complex caste system that existed in Ryukyu for centuries. They were the feudal scholar-officials class that was charged with enforcing the law and providing military defense to the nation, Ryukyu Kingdom. The specific rank of a Yukatchu was noted by the color of his hat. Ryukyuan Caste System: *Royalty – Shō family :*: Prince :*: descendant of Prince, cadet branch of Royal House * – scholar-officials :*: Lord :* ::*: upper Pechin ::*: middle Pechin ::*: lower Pechin :*: upper page :*: lower page * – commoners The Yukatchu class was also responsible for the development of and training methodology of their martial knowledge called Ti (Te). Later those knowledgeable in Ti’s methods would guide development of modern-day Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pechin Higa
(1790–1870), often called , is a semi-legendary martial artist in Ryūkyūan history who was a direct influence on the development of karate and kobudo, especially with respect to bōjutsu. is social class of the Ryūkyū Kingdom. A resident of the island of Hama Higa, he was perhaps a student of the Chinese emissaries Zhang Xue Li and later Wanshu, who would have taught him techniques of quan fa. Ryūkyūan history relied mainly on oral tradition prior to the 20th century, so it is difficult to separate fact and fiction (or embellishment). It is said that Higa had forearms like tree trunks and that he could crush a coconut in his bare hands, though he stood only tall and weighed about . Legends state that Higa with his bō stood up to the head-hunters of Formosa and to Japanese pirates from the north and never lost a battle. What has turned out to be a big misunderstanding, however, is that Higa was the teacher of Takahara Peechin, who in turn taught Sakugawa Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arakaki Seishō
was a prominent Okinawan martial artist and master of Tōde who influenced the development of several major karate styles.Sato, S. (''c.'' 2005)Seisho Aragaki Retrieved on 17 March 2010. (''c.'' 2006). Retrieved on 17 March 2010. (24 January 2008). Retrieved on 17 March 2010. He was known by many other names, including Aragaki Tsuji Pechin Seisho.McCarthy, P. (1997): ''The Bible of Karate Bubishi'' (3rd ed., p. 36). Boston, MA: Tuttle Publishing. () Life and martial arts Arakaki was born in 1840 in either , on |
Pechin Takahara
was an early karate practitioner. was a social class of the Ryūkyū Kingdom. The principles of the ''dō'' ("way"), as explained by Takahara Pēchin, are: 1) ''ijō'', the way-compassion, humility, and love. 2) ''katsu'', the laws-complete understanding of all techniques and forms of karate, and 3) ''fo'' dedication-the seriousness of karate that must be understood not only in practice, but in actual combat. The collective translation is: "One’s duty to himself and his fellow man." He was the first teacher of Sakugawa Kangi, the father of Sakugawa Kanga , also Sakugawa Satunushi and Tode Sakugawa, was a Ryūkyūan martial arts master and major contributor to the development of Te, the precursor to modern Karate. Karate-do Kanga "Tode" Sakugawa trained under his father Kangi Sakugawa. Kangi S .... References Okinawan male karateka 1683 births 1760 deaths People from Naha Ryukyuan people {{Japan-karate-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ueekata
,The same kanji (親方) are pronounced ''oyakata'' in Japanese, in which the term is used in a variety of contexts with meanings roughly corresponding to "master." For example, in sumo, the term is used to refer to coaches. in the Okinawan language, was the highest rank in the yukatchu aristocracy of the former Ryukyu Kingdom (modern-day Okinawa, Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...), though it was still below the '' aji'' nobility. Members of the , a very high-ranking governmental body, were chosen from among the ''ueekata''. ''Ueekata'' rank was generally obtained as the last step in a progression from ''shii'' (子) rank to ''satonushi'' (里之子), then to '' peekumi'' (親雲上), and finally to ''ueekata''. As with other Ryukyuan aristocratic titles, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 to 1879. It was ruled as a Tributary system of China, tributary state of Ming dynasty, imperial Ming China by the King of Ryukyu, Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime history, maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained ''de jure'' independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Kingdom was Ryukyu Disposition, formally annexed and dissolved by Japan in 1879 to form Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Kazoku, Japanese nobility. History Origins of the Kingdom In the 14th century small domains s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholar-officials
The scholar-officials, also known as literati, scholar-gentlemen or scholar-bureaucrats (), were government officials and prestigious scholars in Chinese society, forming a distinct social class. Scholar-officials were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the scholar-gentry (紳士 ''shēnshì'') who had earned academic degrees (such as ''xiucai'', ''juren'', or '' jinshi'') by passing the imperial examinations. Scholar-officials were the elite class of imperial China. They were highly educated, especially in literature and the arts, including calligraphy and Confucian texts. They dominated the government administration and local life of China until the early 20th century. Origins and formations Origins of ''Shi'' (士) and ''Da fu'' (大夫) as a concept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gushiken
Gushiken or Gusicin () is an Okinawan surname of Okinawan (Ryukyuan) origin. Notable people with the surname include: * Yoko Gushiken (The Okinawan Eagle), Japanese boxer, WBA Jr. flyweight champion 1976–1981 * Kōji Gushiken (born November 12, 1956, in Ōsaka) is an Olympic gymnast for Japan at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California Los Angeles, often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, most populous cit ..., Japanese Olympic gymnast * Kosei Gushiken (born 1942), Japanese triple jumper * Luiz Gushiken (1950–2013), Brazilian politician {{Surname Okinawan surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okinawa Prefecture
is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan. It consists of three main island groups—the Okinawa Islands, the Sakishima Islands, and the Daitō Islands—spread across a maritime zone approximately 1,000 kilometers east to west and 400 kilometers north to south. Despite a modest land area of 2,281 km² (880 sq mi), Okinawa’s territorial extent over surrounding seas makes its total area nearly half the combined size of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Of its 160 Island, islands, 49 are inhabited. The largest and most populous island is Okinawa Island, which hosts the capital city, Naha, as well as major urban centers such as Okinawa (city), Okinawa, Uruma, and Urasoe, Okinawa, Urasoe. The prefecture has a subtropical climate, characterized by warm temperatures and high rainfall throughout the year. People from the Ryukyu Islands, Nansei Islands, including Okinawa Island, Okinawa, the Sakishima Islands, and parts of Kagoshima Prefecture, are often collectively referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryukyuan People
The are a Japonic-speaking East Asian ethnic group indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands, which stretch from the island of Kyushu to the island of Taiwan. With Japan, most Ryukyuans live in the Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture. They speak the Ryukyuan languages, one of the branches of the Japonic language family along with the Japanese language and its dialects. Ryukyuans are not a recognized minority group in Japan, as Japanese authorities consider them a subgroup of the Japanese people, akin to the Yamato people. Although officially unrecognized, Ryukyuans constitute the largest ethnolinguistic minority group in Japan, with more than 1.4 million living in the Okinawa Prefecture alone. Ryukyuans inhabit the Amami Islands of Kagoshima Prefecture as well, and have contributed to a considerable Ryukyuan diaspora. Ryukyuans have a distinct culture with some matriarchal elements, an indigenous religion and a cuisine where rice was introduced fairly late (12th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
