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Paweł Holszański
Paweł Holszański (; – 4 September 1555, Vilnius) was a notable Catholic church official Dmitry Tolstoy: ''Le catholicisme romain en Russie''pp.464-465/ref> and one of the last male scions of the once-mighty Lithuanian Alšėniškiai princely family of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Biography Born to Prince Aleksander Holszański, the Castellan of Vilnius, and Zofia Sudymuntowiczówna, Rita Regina Trimoniene: Polityka jagiellońska a kształtowanie się litewskiego narodu politycznego w końcu XV – I połowie XVI wieku' daughter of Alekna Sudimantaitis. The Alšėniškiai family was a Lithuanian princely family that embraced Orthodoxy and became Ruthenized back in the 14th century. Only Paweł's father Aleksander embraced Catholicism, probably influenced by Franciscans. Paweł Holszański studied in Kraków, his studies were interrupted by his appointment to the Lutsk bishopric. While studying in Kraków, he probably met Mikołaj Hussowczyk, of whom he later became a pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hipocentaur Coat Of Arms
Hipocentaur ( Polish for " Hippocentaur") is a Lithuanian and Polish coat of arms. It was used by a number of ''szlachta'' (noble) families under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History The earliest images of the coat of arms come from 1422, when seals of two brothers from the Holszanski family were attached to the documents of the Treaty of Melno. Blazon J-B. Rietstap, specifying that the field of the shield is red, blazons the arms as: ''"De gueules, à un centaure Sagittaire au naturel, la tête retournée vers senestre, la queue levée, recourbée et terminée en tête de serpent. Casque couronné. Cimier: trois plumes d'autruche d'argent."'' He also blazons the arms of ''Hornostay'' (Lithuania), with a blue field, as ''"D'azur au centaure sagittaire de carnation, ayant la queue terminée par un serpent qui fait jouer son dard, et acc. en pointe d'une rose d'argent (Hippocentaurus)'."'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigismund I The Old
Sigismund I the Old (, ; 1 January 1467 – 1 April 1548) was List of Polish monarchs, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until his death in 1548. Sigismund I was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, the son of Casimir IV of Poland, Casimir IV and younger brother of Kings John I Albert and Alexander I Jagiellon. He was nicknamed "the Old" in later historiography to distinguish him from his son and successor, Sigismund II Augustus. Before ascending to the Polish and Lithuanian thrones, he was Duke of Głogów from 1499, Duke of Opava from 1501, and governor of Silesia from 1504 on behalf of his brother, King Vladislaus II of Hungary, Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary. Sigismund was born in the town of Kozienice in 1467 as the fifth son of Casimir IV and his wife Elizabeth of Austria (1436–1505), Elizabeth of Austria. He was one of thirteen children and was not expected to assume the throne after his father. Sigismund's eldest brother and rightful heir Vladi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunilavichy
Dunilavichy (; ; ) is an agrotown in Vitebsk Region, Pastavy District, northern Belarus. History It was a private town of the Holszański family until 1551, when it passed to King Sigismund II Augustus. Later on, it became again a private town of various nobles, including the Białłozor, Brzostowski, Janiszewski and Tyszkiewicz families. It was administratively located in the Oszmiana County in the Vilnius Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the town was annexed by Russia. Following World War I, it was part of reborn Poland. During the Polish–Soviet War, it was the site of two battles. The first was fought on 19–21 May 1920, ending in a Soviet victory, the second was fought on 3–4 June 1920, and was won by the Poles. In the 1921 census, 49.4% people declared Jewish nationality, 43.1% declared Polish nationality, and 6.3% declared Belarusian nationality. Following the invasion of Poland The invasion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punia, Lithuania
Punia is a historic village in the Alytus District Municipality, Lithuania. Situated on the right bank of the Nemunas River, it has a population of about 800. It was an important early city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. History Grand Duchy of Lithuania The town was first mentioned in 1382. The first church was built in 1425, likely by Vytautas the Great. Because of its good geographical location (Nemunas, direct route to Trakai), Punia became a local centre. 16th century In 1503, the town received Magdeburg rights and was promoted to city status. 17th century The city reached its peak in the 17th century and became known for its pottery and smithery. The third church was built in 1688. 18th century At the beginning of the 18th century, Punia suffered a great deal of damage from the Great Northern War at the hands of the Swedish and did not recover until the end of the century. In 1785 a town hall was built. 19th century During the middle of the 19th century Jews set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation in 1517. The Lutheran Churches adhere to the Bible and the Ecumenical Creeds, with Lutheran doctrine being explicated in the Book of Concord. Lutherans hold themselves to be in continuity with the apostolic church and affirm the writings of the Church Fathers and the first four ecumenical councils. The schism between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism, which was formalized in the Diet of Worms, Edict of Worms of 1521, centered around two points: the proper source of s:Augsburg Confession#Article XXVIII: Of Ecclesiastical Power., authority in the church, often called the formal principle of the Reformation, and the doctrine of s:Augsburg Confession#Article IV: Of Justification., justification, the material principle of Luther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraomas Kulvietis
Abraomas Kulvietis (; ; c. 1509 – 19 June 1545) was a Lithuanian jurist and a professor at Königsberg Albertina University, as well as a reformer of the church. Kulvietis was born in Kulva, now in the Jonava district of Lithuania, into an old Lithuanian noble family of middle wealth. Between 1528 and 1537 he studied in many universities across Europe. At first in Cracow Academy, later, as he became aware of humanist reforms, he moved to the Catholic University of Leuven, where he studied the works of Desiderius Erasmus. He continued his education in Wittenberg, where he studied Martin Luther's teachings. In 1536 he moved to Leipzig and finally Siena, where in 1537 he was granted the title Doctor of Law. After receiving his title, Kulvietis returned to the Great Duchy of Lithuania, giving lectures in Vilnius and working under the protection of Queen Bona Sforza and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus. In 1540 Kulvietis founded his own scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanislovas Rapalionis
Stanislovas Svetkus Rapolionis (, ; – 13 May 1545) was a Lutheran activist and Protestant reformer from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. With patronage of Albert, Duke of Prussia, he obtained the doctorate of theology from the Protestant University of Wittenberg where he studied under Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon. After graduation, he became the first professor of theology at the newly established University of Königsberg, also known as Albertina. As professor he began working on several Protestant publications and translations, including a Bible translation into Polish. It is believed that he also started the first translation of the Bible into Lithuanian. Together with Abraomas Kulvietis, Rapolionis was one of the first authors to write in the Lithuanian language. While Rapolionis and Kulvietis died early leaving their work unfinished, they laid the foundations for future Lithuanian writers and translators. Early life and studies in Kraków Very little is known about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marceli Kosman
Marceli Kosman (8 May 1940 – 29 December 2023) was a Polish historian who was a professor at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Kosman finished secondary school in 1957. Then he studied at the university in Poznań. He gained MA in history in 1962 and PhD in 1966. The title of Kosman's doctoral thesis was ''Dokumenty i kancelaria wielkiego księcia Witolda''. His supervisor was Henryk Łowmiański. From 1961 to 1968 he was teacher in the secondary school (''liceum'') in Izbica Kujawska. In 1971 he passed his habilitation. Kosman died on 29 December 2023, at the age of 83. Selected works * ''Na tropach bohaterów "Trylogii"'' (1966) * ''Wielki książę Witold'' (1967) * ''Władysław Jagiełło'' (1968) * ''Królowa Bona'' (1971) * ''Zmierzch Perunka, czyli ostatni poganie nad Bałtykiem'' (1981) * ''Orzeł i Pogoń. Z dziejów polsko-litewskich XIV-XX w.'' (1992) * ''Od chrztu do chrystianizacji. Polska - Ruś - Litwa'' (1992) * ''Na tropach bohaterów "Krzyżaków" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigismund II Augustus
Sigismund II Augustus (, ; 1 August 1520 – 7 July 1572) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. He was the first ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the last male monarch from the Jagiellonian dynasty. Sigismund was elder of two sons of Italian-born Bona Sforza and Sigismund the Old, and the only one to survive infancy. From the beginning he was groomed and extensively educated as a successor. In 1529 he was chosen as king in '' vivente rege'' election while his father was still alive. Sigismund Augustus continued a tolerance policy towards minorities and maintained peaceful relations with neighbouring countries, with the exception of the Northern Seven Years' War which aimed to secure Baltic trade. Under his patronage, culture flourished in Poland; he was a collector of tapestries from the Low Countries and collected military memorabilia as well as swords, armours and jewellery. Sigism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformation
The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major Theology, theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church. Towards the end of the Renaissance, the Reformation marked the beginning of Protestantism. It is considered one of the events that signified the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the early modern period in Europe. The Reformation is usually dated from Martin Luther's publication of the ''Ninety-five Theses'' in 1517, which gave birth to Lutheranism. Prior to Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers, there were Proto-Protestantism, earlier reform movements within Western Christianity. The end of the Reformation era is disputed among modern scholars. In general, the Reformers argued that justification (theology), justification was sola fide, based on faith in Jesus alone and n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Vilnius
Bishops of Vilnius diocese from 1388 and archdiocese (archdiocese of Vilnius) from 1925:"Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''Catholic-Hierarchy.org''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 11, 2016"Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 11, 2016 Auxiliary bishops *Cyprian Wiliński (Wiliski), Order of Preachers, O.P. (3 Mar 1572 – 1594) *Nicolas Pac (Mikalojus Pacas)(Mikołaj Pac) (9 Sep 1602 – 29 Mar 1610) *Abraham Wojna (Abraomas Voina) (25 May 1611 – 20 Jul 1626 Appointed, Bishop of Žemaičiai) *Jerzy Tyszkiewicz (Jurgis Tiškevičius) (17 May 1627 – 19 Dec 16 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
