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Paris Métro Line 11
Paris Métro Line 11 (French language, French: ''Ligne 11 du métro de Paris'') is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro. It links to in the northeastern suburbs. This line was one of the last to be put into service in 1935; it was then intended to replace the Belleville funicular tramway, which closed in 1924. The line is 11.7 km (7.3 mi) in length with 19 stations. Before its 2024 extension, it was one of the least used lines, with less than forty million passengers in 2023. The RATP Group, RATP expects thirty-one million more in 2025, with this extension to four major municipalities in Seine-Saint-Denis. During the 1950s and 1960s, the line was an experimental line for innovations developed by the RATP. As such, in 1956, it was the first metro line in the world to be equipped with Rubber-tyred metro, rubber tyres; it was also equipped with a centralised control station and automatic train operation in 1967, which was used for the first time on the Paris network. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MP 14 (Paris Métro)
The MP 14 (; ) is a Rubber-tyred metro, rubber-tyred electric multiple unit for the Paris Métro. Manufactured by Alstom as part of the Alstom Metropolis family of units, it is the seventh generation of the rubber-tyred class of trains to be used on the system and is used on Paris Métro Line 14, Line 14, Paris Métro Line 4, Line 4 and Paris Métro Line 11, Line 11. In the future, trains could be ordered for Paris Métro Line 1, Line 1 and Paris Métro Line 6, Line 6. The automated (driverless) version of MP 14 started entering service on Line 14 in 2020, and on Line 4 in 2022, and a manually operated version started entering service on Line 11 in June 2023. The roll-out of the MP 14 is causing a significant reshuffle of the Métro's rubber-tyred fleet. The Paris Métro will then redeploy their MP 89 CA (MP 89–6) and 11 MP 05 trains from Line 14 to Line 4, and redeploy their MP 89 CC (MP 89–5) trains from Line 4 on Line 6, and withdraw all remaining MP 59 and MP 73 tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Train Operation
Automatic train operation (ATO) is a method of operating trains automatically where the driver is not required or is required for supervision at most. Alternatively, ATO can be defined as a subsystem within the automatic train control, which performs any or all of functions like programmed stopping, speed adjusting, door operation, and similar otherwise assigned to the train operator. The degree of automation is indicated by the Grade of Automation (GoA), up to GoA4 in which the train is automatically controlled without any staff on board. On most systems for lower grades of automation up to GoA2, there is a driver present to mitigate risks associated with failures or emergencies. Driverless automation is primarily used on automated guideway transit systems where it is easier to ensure the safety due to isolated tracks. Fully automated trains for mainline railways are an area of research. The first driverless experiments in the history of train automation date back to 1920 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compagnie Du Chemin De Fer Métropolitain De Paris
The Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris S.A. (Paris Metropolitan Railway Company Ltd.), or CMP, was a subsidiary of the Empain group that is the forerunner of the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens, RATP, the company managing the Paris Métro. Origin So as not to be dependent on the Chemin de fer de l'État (State Railways) for its rail transport, the City of Paris decided in 1883 on the construction of a rapid transit, subway network. There were some tensions between the national government and the city for the control of the operation, but the approach of the Exposition Universelle (1900), World Fair of 1900 speeded the decisions. In 1895, Louis Barthou, minister for public works, accepted that the construction work should be carried out by the city. That included building the tunnels, viaducts and stations and contracting for the operation. In 1897 the city council chose the General Traction Company, owned by the Belgian Baron Édouard Louis Joseph Empai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Table
The water table is the upper surface of the phreatic zone or zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with groundwater, which may be fresh, saline, or brackish, depending on the locality. It can also be simply explained as the depth below which the ground is saturated. The portion above the water table is the vadose zone. It may be visualized as the "surface" of the subsurface materials that are saturated with groundwater in a given vicinity. In coarse soils, the water table settles at the surface where the water Hydraulic head, pressure head is equal to the atmospheric pressure (where gauge pressure = 0). In soils where capillary action is strong, the water table is pulled upward, forming a capillary fringe. The groundwater may be from precipitation or from more distant groundwater flowing into the aquifer. In areas with sufficient precipitation, water infiltrates through pore spaces in the soil, passing through t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seine
The Seine ( , ) is a river in northern France. Its drainage basin is in the Paris Basin (a geological relative lowland) covering most of northern France. It rises at Source-Seine, northwest of Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre (and Honfleur on the left bank). It is navigable by ocean-going vessels as far as Rouen, from the sea. Over 60 percent of its length, as far as Burgundy (region), Burgundy, is negotiable by large barges and most tour boats, and nearly its whole length is available for recreational boating; Bateaux Mouches, excursion boats offer sightseeing tours of the river banks in the capital city, Paris. There are 37 List of bridges in Paris#Seine, bridges in Paris across the Seine (the most famous of which are the Pont Alexandre III and the Pont Neuf) and dozens List of crossings of the River Seine, more outside the city. A notable bridge, which is also the last along the course of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Télégraphe Station
Télégraphe () is a station on Line 11 of the Paris Métro in the 19th and 20th arrondissements. It is named after the nearby rue de Télégraphe, which was once a ''chemin de ronde'' (a raised protected walkway behind a battlement) of the park of the ''Château de Ménilmontant''. Its name comes from the optical telegraph invented by Claude Chappe (1763–1805) in 1792. This was the first practical telecommunications system, but was eventually replaced by the electric telegraph. Chappe installed the relay station, containing the telegraph's apparatus which he called a ''tachygraphe'', on this peak of 128 meters altitude. History The station opened as part of the original section of the line from Châtelet to Porte des Lilas on 28 April 1935. On 1 April 2016, half of the nameplates on the station's platforms were temporarily replaced by the RATP as part of April Fool's Day, along with 12 other stations. It was humorously renamed "#TWEET", a reference to the evolution o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemin De Fer De Petite Ceinture
Paris's Chemin de fer de Petite Ceinture (, 'small(er) belt railway'), also colloquially known as ''La Petite Ceinture'', is a circular Rail transport, railway built as a means to supply the city's Thiers wall, fortification walls, and as a means of transporting merchandise and passengers between the major rail-company stations in Paris. Beginning as two distinct 'Ceinture Syndicate' freight and 'Paris-Auteuil' passenger lines from 1851, they formed an arc that surrounded the northern two thirds of Paris, an arc that would become a full circle of rail around the capital when its third Ceinture Rive Gauche section was built in 1867. Although the Syndicate-owned portion of the line was freight-only in its first years, after the creation of a passenger service from 1862, the Chemin de fer de Ceinture became Paris's first metro-like urban transport, and even more so after the 'Ceinture Rive Gauche' passenger-and-freight section began. The line's passenger service was a popular means ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canal Saint-Martin
The Canal Saint-Martin () is a 4.6 km (2.86 mi) long canal in Paris, connecting the Canal de l'Ourcq to the river Seine. Nearly half its length (), between the Rue du Faubourg du Temple and the Place de la Bastille, was covered in the mid-19th century to create wide boulevards and public spaces on the surface. The canal is drained and cleaned every 10–15 years, and it is always a source of fascination for Parisians to discover curiosities and even some treasures among the hundreds of tons of discarded objects. History Gaspard de Chabrol, prefect of Paris, proposed building a canal from the river Ourcq, 100 km northeast of Paris, to supply the city with fresh water to support a growing population and help avoid diseases such as dysentery and cholera, while also supplying fountains (including the monumental Elephant of the Bastille) and allowing the streets to be cleaned. Construction of the canal was ordered by Napoleon I in 1802 and construction took place until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rambuteau Station
Rambuteau station () is a station on Line 11 of the Paris Métro in the 3rd and 4th arrondissements in central Paris. It is named after the nearby Rue Rambuteau, which was named after Claude-Philibert Barthelot, ''Comte de Rambuteau'' (1781 - 1869), a senior official in the former Department of the Seine, who established the groundwork for the fundamental transformation of Paris that Haussmann carried out under the Second Empire. History The station opened as part of the original section of the line from Châtelet to Porte des Lilas on 28 April 1935. As part of the "Un métro + beau" programme by the RATP, the station's corridors were renovated and modernised on 29 November 2002. In 2017, a Berlin-based fashion label, Dumitrascu, held its SS18 presentation at the station as part of Paris Fashion Week to showcase its latest collection as a result of a last-minute change of plans instead of having it at the nearby Centre Georges-Pompidou as originally planned. As par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 7bis
Paris Métro Line 7bis is one of sixteen lines on the Paris Métro. It connects Louis Blanc in the 10th arrondissement of Paris, 10th arrondissement to Pré Saint-Gervais in the 19th arrondissement of Paris, 19th arrondisement in the north-eastern part of the city. With a length of 3.1 kilometres (1.9 mi) and eight stations, the line is the second shortest on the Paris Métro, only longer than Paris Métro Line 3bis, Line 3bis. The line was opened in 1911, then operating as a branch of Paris Métro Line 7, Line 7. However, due to a large difference in passenger numbers between this branch and the other Line 7 branch (then operating as far as Porte de la Villette (Paris Métro), Porte de La Vilette), the branch was separated from Line 7, forming Line 7bis. Chronology *18 January 1911: The section between Louis Blanc and Pré-Saint-Gervais was opened as a branch of Paris Métro Line 7, Line 7. *3 December 1967 : Because of a lack of traffic, the branch became a separate li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Place Des Fêtes Station
Place des Fêtes () is a station of the Paris Métro, serving lines 7bis (towards Pré Saint-Gervais only) and 11 in the 19th arrondissement and the Belleville district. It is one of the deepest stations in the metro, at 22.45 m underground ( Abbesses is the deepest at 36 m). History The station opened on 18 January 1911 as part of a branch of line 7 from Louis Blanc to ''Pré Saint-Gervais''. The line 11 platforms opened with the first section of the line from Châtelet to Porte des Lilas on 28 April 1935. Along with Maison Blanche, a prototype air raid shelter was added to the station in 1935 to protect it from chemical attacks and was fitted with airtight doors to allow the people to take refuge in the event of an attack. They were chosen because of their proximity to heavily populated working-class districts. On 3 December 1967, the branch was separated from line 7 and became ''line 7bis''. In preparation for Line 11's extension to , its platforms were raised slight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Châtelet Station
Châtelet station () is a station of the Paris Métro and Île-de-France's RER commuter rail service, located in the centre of medieval Paris, on the border between the 1st and 4th arrondissements. It serves RER A, B and D, as well as lines 1, 4, 7, 11, and 14 of the Paris Métro; it is the southern terminus of Line 11. The station is made up of two parts connected by a long corridor: lines 7 and 11 under the Place du Châtelet and the Quai de Gesvre (site of the original medieval river port of Paris), next to the Seine; lines 1, 4 and 14 towards Rue Saint-Denis and the Rue de Rivoli. Châtelet is connected by another long underground corridor to the southern end of the RER platforms at , the northern end of which is again connected to the métro station . The distance from Line 7 at Châtelet to the RER lines at Châtelet–Les Halles is approximately . It is the ninth-busiest station on the métro system. Location The station has two parts connected to each other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
