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Opinion Polling For The French Presidential Election, 2002
This page lists public opinion polls conducted for the 2002 French presidential election, which was held on 21 April 2002 with a run-off on 5 May 2002. Unless otherwise noted, all polls listed below are compliant with the regulations of the national polling commission (''Commission nationale des sondages'') and utilize the quota method. First round The Sofres poll conducted from 4 to 5 April 2002, marked with an asterisk (*) below, was conducted specifically for subsample data. The publication of first-round polls was prohibited after midnight on 19 April 2002. Until the law of 19 February 2002 amended the law of 19 July 1977, the publication of voting intention polls was prohibited in the week before the election. The law of 19 February 2002 also extended the ban on the publication of polls to include surveys conducted before the electoral silence. Graphical summary The averages in the graphs below were constructed using polls listed below conducted by the six major French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opinion Poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll (although strictly a poll is an actual election) is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster. History The first known example of an opinion poll was a tallies of voter preferences reported on Telegram Messenger to the 1824 presidential election, showing Andrew Jackson leading John Quincy Adams by 335 votes to 169 in the contest for the United States Presidency. Since Jackson won the popular vote in that state and the whole country, such straw votes gradually became more popular, but they remained local, usually citywide phenomena. In 1916, ''The Literary Digest'' embarked on a national survey (partly as a circulation-raising exercise) and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movement Of Citizens
The Citizen and Republican Movement (French: ''Mouvement républicain et citoyen'') is a political party in France. The party replaced in 2002 the Citizens' Movement (''Mouvement des citoyens'', MDC) founded by Jean-Pierre Chevènement, who left the Socialist Party (PS) in 1993 due to his opposition to the Gulf War and to the Maastricht Treaty. It is a Eurosceptic party with leftist aspirations. Chevènement led the list ''l'autre politique'' (the Other Policy) for 1994 European Parliament election. It included members of left-wing opposition (socialist and communist candidates) to Maastricht Treaty, feminists, radicals, and Gaullists. The MDC supported the Socialist candidate Lionel Jospin for the 1995 French presidential election, then integrated the '' Gauche plurielle'' coalition. From 1997 to 2000, it was represented in the government by Chevènement as Interior Minister. In order to prepare the 2002 French presidential election, Chevènement created the ''Pôle républic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Miguet
This article contains a list of political parties in France. France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that in order to participate in the exercise of power any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements. The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself. Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions: * on the centre-left, one led by the Socialist Party and with minor partners such as The Greens and the Radical Party of the Left. * on the centre-right, one led by The Republicans (and previously its predecessors, the Union for a Popular Movement, Rally for the Republic) and the Union of Democrats and Independent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forum Of Social Republicans
VIA, the Way of the People (french: VIA , la voie du peuple, links=no, VIA) is a social conservative and Christian rightist party in France. The party was known as the Forum of Social Republicans (FRS) between 2001 and June 2009 before being adopting the name Christian Democratic Party (, PCD), which it used until 3 October 2020. The party was founded by Christine Boutin. On 3 October 2020, the party would change its name to the current one. The FRS was established in March 2001 as a social conservative faction within the liberal conservative Union for French Democracy (UDF) and emerged as an independent party in December of the same year, when Boutin announced her candidacy in the 2002 French presidential election, in contrast with UDF leader and official candidate François Bayrou, and was consequently expelled. In 2005, the FRS called for a NO vote in the referendum over the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe. VIA is a Christian-oriented social conservative party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christine Boutin
Christine Boutin (, born 6 February 1944) is a French former politician leading the small French Christian Democratic Party. She served as a member of the French National Assembly representing Yvelines, from 1986 until 2007, when she was appointed Minister of Housing and Urban Development by President Nicolas Sarkozy. She was a candidate in the 2002 French presidential election, in which she scored 1.19% on the first round of balloting. Boutin was the leader of the Christian Democratic Party (Parti Chrétien-démocrate), a socially conservative Christian-democratic party, which is associated with the greater UMP union party. She is best known for her very vocal opposition to civil unions in 1998 and same-sex marriage later on. In a judgement dated 18 December 2015 the correctional court of Paris condemned Boutin to a fine of €5000 and €2000 for legal damages for having said that homosexuality was an abomination. The verdict is being appealed. She announced on 21 October ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Democracy (France)
Liberal Democracy (french: Démocratie Libérale, DL) was a conservative-liberal political party in France existing between 1997 and 2002. Headed by Alain Madelin, the party replaced the Republican Party, which was the classical liberal component of the Union for French Democracy (UDF). History After Madelin won the leadership of the Republican Party on 24 June 1997 with 59.9% of the vote, he renamed the organisation 'Liberal Democracy', and moved the party further towards economic liberalism. This followed the formation of the Democratic Force (FD) by the centrist, Christian democratic component of the Union for French Democracy (UDF), leading to internal rivalry.Van Hecke and Gerard (2004), p. 208 Liberal Democracy became independent in 1998, after a split from the UDF. The immediate cause of this departure was Liberal Democracy's refusal to condemn the election of four UDF president of Regional Councils with the votes of the National Front. However, the party had alre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Madelin
Alain Madelin (; born 26 March 1946) is a French politician. Politician Madelin was minister of Industry in Prime Minister Jacques Chirac's cabinet from 1986 to 1988, a minister of Business in Prime Minister Édouard Balladur's cabinet from 1993 to 1995, and a minister of Economy and Finances in Prime Minister Alain Juppé's cabinet. He resigned after only three months, citing economic policy differences with Alain Juppé. He was a member of the National Assembly from 1978 to 2007 as representative for Ille-et-Vilaine's fourth constituency. The district includes the town of Redon, where he was mayor from 1995 until 2000. Madelin unsuccessfully ran in 1996 for president of the Union for French Democracy (UDF), and was defeated by François Léotard. He was elected as leader of the Parti Républicain, a part of the UDF coalition, which he renamed Démocratie Libérale. In 1998, Démocratie Libérale split from the UDF. Madelin's obtained slightly less than 4% of the vot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rally For The Republic
The Rally for the Republic (french: Rassemblement pour la République ; RPR ), was a Gaullist and conservative political party in France. Originating from the Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), it was founded by Jacques Chirac in 1976 and presented itself as the heir of Gaullist politics. On 21 September 2002, the RPR was merged into the Union for the Presidential Majority, later renamed the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). History The defense of the Gaullist identity against President Giscard d'Estaing (1976–1981) In 1974, the divisions in the Gaullist movement permitted the election of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing to the Presidency of the French Republic. Representing the pro-European and Orleanist centre-right, he was the first non-Gaullist becoming head of state since the beginning of the Fifth Republic in 1958. However, the Gaullist Party remained the main force in parliament and Jacques Chirac was appointed Prime Minister. Chirac resigned in August 1976 and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Chirac
Jacques René Chirac (, , ; 29 November 193226 September 2019) was a Politics of France, French politician who served as President of France from 1995 to 2007. Chirac was previously Prime Minister of France from 1974 to 1976 and from 1986 to 1988, as well as Mayor of Paris from 1977 to 1995. After attending the , Chirac began his career as a high-level civil servant, entering politics shortly thereafter. Chirac occupied various senior positions, including Minister of Agriculture (France), Minister of Agriculture and Minister of the Interior (France), Minister of the Interior. In 1981 French presidential election, 1981 and 1988 French presidential election, 1988, he unsuccessfully ran for president as the standard-bearer for the conservative Gaullist party Rally for the Republic. Chirac's internal policies initially included lower tax rates, the removal of price controls, strong punishment for crime and terrorism, and business privatisation. After pursuing these policies in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union For French Democracy
The Union for French Democracy (french: Union pour la démocratie française, UDF) was a centre to centre-right political party in France. It was founded in 1978 as an electoral alliance to support President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing in order to counterbalance the Gaullist preponderance over the political right in France. This name was chosen due to the title of Giscard d'Estaing's 1976 book, ''Démocratie française''. The party brought together Christian democrats, liberal-radicals, and non- Gaullist conservatives, and described itself as centrist. The founding parties of the UDF were Giscard's Republican Party (PR), the Centre of Social Democrats (CDS), the Radical Party (Rad.), the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Perspectives and Realities Clubs (CPR). The UDF was most frequently a junior partner in coalitions with the Gaullist Rally for the Republic (RPR) and its successor party, the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). Prior to its dissolution, the UDF became a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Bayrou
François René Jean Lucien Bayrou (; born 25 May 1951) is a French politician who has presided over the Democratic Movement (MoDem) since he founded it in 2007. A centrist, he was a candidate in the 2002, 2007 and 2012 presidential elections. He has also presided over the European Democratic Party (EDP) since 2004. From 1993 to 1997, he was Minister of National Education in three successive governments. He was also a member of the National Assembly for a seat in Pyrénées-Atlantiques from 1986 to 2012 with brief interruptions and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1999 to 2002. He has been Mayor of Pau since 2014. It was speculated that Bayrou would be a candidate in the 2017 presidential election, but he decided not to run and instead supported Emmanuel Macron, who – after winning the election – named him Minister of State and Minister of Justice in the government headed by Édouard Philippe. On 21 June 2017, he resigned from the government amid an i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cap21
The Citizenship, Action, Participation for the 21st Century (french: Citoyenneté, action, participation pour le e siècle) was a minor green liberal political party in France, founded by Corinne Lepage in 1996 as a political reflection club. It became a political party in June 2000. Lepage was the party's candidate in the 2002 presidential election and obtained 1.88% of the vote. Lepage claimed to stand for an independent and centrist green voice, as opposed to Noël Mamère, candidate for the more left-wing Green Party. The party later refused to join the new centre-right Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). In 2007, after dropping out of the presidential race, Lepage endorsed François Bayrou's centrist candidacy and CAP21 ran around 20 candidates with Bayrou's new Democratic Movement in the subsequent legislative election. It failed to have any candidates elected. CAP 21 became an associate party of Bayrou's MoDem on June 15, 2008. Corinne Lepage became a high-ranking me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
