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Ottoman–Persian Wars (1505–1517)
The Ottoman–Persian wars (1505–1517) were a series of military conflicts fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Iran, Safavid dynasty of Iran during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II and his son Selim I. Sparked by sectarian and territorial rivalries, the wars culminated in major Ottoman victories, including the pivotal Battle of Chaldiran (1514) and the subsequent conquest of Eastern Anatolia region, Eastern Anatolia and northern Mesopotamia. These campaigns marked the beginning of a long-standing Ottoman–Persians, Persian rivalry that would last until Persian campaign (World War I), 1918 Background In 1500, after becoming leader of the Safavid order, Ismail I launched a revolt against the Aq Qoyunlu state, first conquering the Shirvanshahs and later all of Iran. During his Campaigns of Ismail I, campaigns, he massacred thousands of Sunnis and ultimately destroyed the Aq Qoyunlu entirely. Selim I, Prince Selim, who closely followed these events, feared a Safavid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman–Persian Wars
The Ottoman–Persian Wars also called the Ottoman–Iranian Wars were a series of wars between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar dynasties of Iran (also known as Persia) through the 16th–19th centuries. The Ottomans consolidated their control of what is today Turkey in the 15th century, and gradually came into conflict with the emerging neighboring Iranian state, led by Ismail I of the Safavid dynasty. The two states were arch rivals, and were also divided by religious grounds, the Ottomans being staunchly Sunni and the Safavids being Shia. A series of military conflicts ensued for centuries during which the two empires competed for control over eastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Iraq. Among the numerous treaties, the Treaty of Zuhab of 1639 is usually considered as the most significant, as it fixed present Turkey–Iran and Iraq–Iran borders. In later treaties, there were frequent references to the Treaty of Zuhab. See also * Ottomanâ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Åžehzade Korkut
Şehzade Korkut (; – 13 March 1513) was an Ottoman prince who was for a short time the regent for the Ottoman throne. He was the son of the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II. Early life Although it is stated that he was born in Amasya in 1469, there is no clear record about the year of birth in the sources. He is the son of Bayezid II and Nigar Hatun. In one of his works, he writes his name as Ebülhayr Mehmed Korkut. In official documents, he used only the name Korkut. In 1479 his grandfather Mehmed II sent Korkut to Istanbul with his other brothers to be circumcised. After the death of his grandfather he was a short term regent before his father arrived at the capital. He was "the most beloved grandchild" of Sultan Mehmed, "who saw to it that Prince Korkut received the most rigorous education in his palace". He wrote six highly regarded works on religious subjects and a collection of poems, and also composed musical works. As a governor According to Ottoman tradition, all prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Khan Ustajlu
Mohammad Khan Ustajlu (died 1514) was an Iranian military commander and official from the Turkoman Ustajlu tribe, who served during the reign of Safavid Shah Ismail I (1501–1524). He played a pivotal role in Ismail I's conquests and expansion in Asia Minor and Mesopotamia, and functioned as governor of the Diyarbakr Province from 1506 to 1514. Mohammad Khan was killed while serving as a commander at the Battle of Chaldiran. Biography Mohammad Khan Ustajlu was a son of Mirza Beg Ustajlu, and had three brothers; Owlash Beg Ustajlu, Evaz Beg Ustajlu and Qara Beg Ustajlu. He was married to one of king Ismail I's sisters. When Ismail I returned to Khoy in 1506, after some skirmishes with Ala al-Dawla Bozkurt, the ruler of the Dulkadir, he appointed Mohammad Khan Ustajlu as the new governor (''hakem'') of Diyarbakr. About two months before the decisive Battle of Chaldiran (1514), Ottoman Sultan Selim I (1511–1520) and his army had reached the town of Sivas. Aware of the mass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Husayn Beg Shamlu
{{Infobox noble , name = Hossein Beg Laleh Shamlu , title = Vakil of the Safavid Empire , image = A firman of Shah Isma'il I Safavi Khata'i (d.1524), Safavid Tabriz, Iran, dated 4 July 1508.jpg , caption = 1508 Persian ''farman'' of Shah Ismail I in which Hossein Beg Laleh Shamlu is mentioned by name , alt = , CoA = , succession = , reign = , reign-type = , predecessor = New title , successor = Mir Najm Zargar Gilani , suc-type = , spouse = , spouse-type = , issue = , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , native_name = , styles = , other_titles = , noble family = , house-type = , father = , mother = , birth_name = , birth_date = {{birth year, 1452 , birth_place = , christening_da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Baqi Yazdi
Abd al-Baqi Yazdi ({{langx, fa, عبدالباقی یزدی), was a Persian nobleman, who was the third person to serve as the ''vakil'' (vicegerent) of the Safavid Empire. Biography A native of Yazd, Abd al-Baqi was the son of Na'im-al-Din Nematollah Sani, who was descended from Shah Nematollah, the founder of the Nematollahi order.{{sfn, Soucek, 1982, pp=105-106 In the early 16th-century, Abd al-Baqi succeeded his father as the leader of the Nematollah order. Later in 1511, Abd al-Baqi took part in a celebration at the camp of the Safavid ruler Ismail I (r. 1501–1524). One year later, Abd al-Baqi served under the vakil Najm-e Sani, who was after a few months killed in Khorasan by Uzbeks. Abd al-Baqi was then appointed as the new vakil by Ismail I. Abd al-Baqi participated in the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, where the Safavids, however, were defeated and Abd al-Baqi himself was killed. Another Iranian, Mirza Shah Hossein, was then appointed as the new ''vakil'' after having ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nur-Ali Khalifa
Nur-Ali Khalifa, also known as Nur-Ali Khalifa Rumlu, was an early 16th-century Iranian military leader and official from the Turkoman Rumlu tribe. He served as the governor of Erzincan from during the reign of Safavid Shah Ismail I (1501–1524). Nur-Ali Khalifa was a pivotal figure in the early days of the Safavid realm. His large-scale campaign in Anatolia in 1512, with troops levied on the spot from Sufis belonging to the Safavid order and which coincided with the ascension of Selim I (r. 1512-1520) to the throne, was one of the ''casus belli'' that led to the Battle of Chaldiran (1514). This Safavid force led by Nur-Ali Khalifa penetrated deep into Anatolia, captured and sacked the town of Tokat, had the '' khotbeh'' read there in Ismail I's name, and managed to defeat an Ottoman army led by Sinan Pasha that was sent after them. During the decisive Chaldiran battle, Nur-Ali Khalifa and Mohammad Khan Ustajlu were Ismail I Ismail I (; 17 July 1487 – 23 May 1524) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Åžahkulu
Şahkulu (; 1500–1511), also known as Şahkulu Baba, or Karabıyıkoğlu ( 'son of black moustache' in Turkish), was the leader of the pro-Shia and pro-Safavid uprising in Anatolia – the Şahkulu Rebellion – directed against the Ottoman Empire in 1511. He was viewed as a Messiah and Prophet by his followers. His death in battle signified the end of the uprising. Early life His father was Hasan Halife, who served Shaykh Haydar, father of Ismail I, that became his representative (''halife'') to persuade the population of Teke Peninsula, Teke region. Ottoman sources claim Şahkulu was born in a village called :Yalınlıgediği, Korkuteli, Yalınlıköy, modern day Antalya province. Şahkulu was a member of the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkmen Teke (tribe), Tekkelu tribe. Rebellion Being inspired by Safavid dynasty, Safavid missionaries, the Turkmens living on Ottoman soil, "as far west as Konya", were mobilized in a "fervent messianic movement", led by Şahkulu. Şahkulu and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ismail I
Ismail I (; 17 July 1487 – 23 May 1524) was the founder and first shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1501 until his death in 1524. His reign is one of the most vital in the history of Iran, and the Safavid period is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history.. Under Ismail, Iran was unified under native rule for the first time since the Islamic conquest of the country eight-and-a-half centuries earlier. Ismail inherited leadership of the Safavid Sufi order from his brother as a child. His predecessors had transformed the religious order into a military movement supported by the Qizilbash (mainly Turkoman Shiite groups). The Safavids took control of Azerbaijan, and in 1501 Ismail was crowned as king (''padshah''). In the following years, Ismail conquered the rest of Iran and other neighboring territories. His expansion into Eastern Anatolia brought him into conflict with the Ottoman Empire. In 1514, the Ottomans decisively defeated the Safavids at the Battle o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
