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Osman Mahmoud
The Osman Mahmoud, (; Arabic: عثمان محمود) are a Somali sub-clan part of the Majeerteen Harti branch of the larger Darod clan. The sub-clan has a rich tradition and history which include the sultanates of Majeerteen and Hobyo. Overview The ''Boqor (The kingdom Family)'', or clan-head of the larger branch Mohamud Saleeban. Osman Mahmoud serves as the nominal leader of the Darod clan. Some of the most notable members of the Osman Mahmoud are the Majeerteen Sultanate which was based in Baargaal, It was a historical and prominent sultanate in Somalia during its golden age in the mid-19th to early 20th century. Boqor Osman Mahamuud was one of the three prominent rulers of present-day Somalia at the turn of the 20th century. The Sultanate of Hobyo, Yusuf Ali Kenadid, who ruled over what today is Mudug, and his son, Osman Yuusuf Keenadiid who invented the Osmanya writing script. Demographics Territory The Osman Mahmoud clan today primarily live in the Bari and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darod
The Darod (, ) is a Somali clan. The forefather of this clan is Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, more commonly known as Darod. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripheries, the Somali hinterlands adjacent to Oromia (Ogaden), and both sides of the Kenya–Somalia border. Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection – N.B. Various authorities indicate that the Darod is one of the largest Somali clan, whereas others suggest that the Hawiye is the largest Somali clan within Somalia, nevertheless, there is an available census that was conducted along the lines of clan affiliates. The Darod clan is the largest Somali clan family in the Horn of Africa. Origins According to early Islamic books and Somali tradition, Aqeel Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib Al-Qurashi descendant Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti (Darod), a son of the Sufism, Sufi Sheikh Isma'il al-Jabarti of the Qadiriyyah order, fled his homeland in the Arabian Peninsula after an ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxfam Novib , founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It began as the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief in Oxford, UK, in 1942, to alleviate World War Two related hunger and continued in the aftermath of the war. Oxfam has an international presence with operations in 79 countries and 21 members in the Oxfam Confederation in Australia, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North and Latin America and the Caribbean.
Since 2005, Oxfam International has been involved in a Oxfam#Criticism, series of controversies as it expanded, especially concerning its operations in Haiti and Chad. T ...
Oxfam is a British-founded confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs), focusing on the alleviation of global poverty Poverty is a state or condition in which an individual lacks the financial resources and essentials for a basic standard of living. Poverty can have diverse Biophysical environmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosaso
Bosaso (, ), historically known as Bender Qassim is a city in the northeastern Bari province ('' gobol'') of Somalia. It is the seat of the Bosaso District. Located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden, the municipality serves as the region's commercial capital and is a major seaport within the regional state of Puntland. Bosaso had an estimated population of around 1,700,000 residents in 2023. More recent reports put the figure as high as 1,700,000. The city has a diverse economy centred on education, government, banking, tourism, aviation, food, clothes, logistics, steel, energy, health care, hospitality, retail and technology. The area's many colleges and universities make it a regional hub of higher education, including law, medicine, engineering, business and entrepreneurship. History The ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' indicates that Ancient Greek merchants sailed to Bosaso, providing notes about the strategic and geographical location of the current Bosaso area, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puntland
Puntland is an autonomous state that considers itself to be part of Somalia, despite not accepting the legitimacy of Somalia's current governing administration. It was formed in 1998, and was a federal member state of Somalia from its founding until 2024. Puntland is located northeast of Somalia and east of Somaliland. Its capital is the city of Garoowe in the Nugal region. The state had a population of 4,334,633 in 2016. Puntland is bordered by Somaliland to its west, the Gulf of Aden in the north, the Guardafui Channel in the northeast, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, Somalia, more specifically the central Galmudug region in the south, and Ethiopia in the southwest. There are several major geographical apexes in Puntland, including the Cape Guardafui, which forms the tip of the Horn of Africa, Ras Hafun the easternmost place on the entire African continent, and the beginning of the Karkaar mountain range. The name "Puntland" is derived from the Land of Punt me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nugaal
The Nugaal () is an intermittent river Intermittent, temporary or seasonal rivers or streams cease to flow every year or at least twice every five years. Such rivers drain large arid and semi-arid areas, covering approximately a third of the Earth's surface. The extent of tempora ... that runs along the Nugaal Valley. It begins several miles to the west of Sool, and ends at Eyl where the outlet flows into the Indian Ocean. It evaporates at the onset of the hagaa, the Somali dry season. Due to mismanagement, the river bed has gone increasingly dry, and several Somali politicians have discussed repairing the damage.Bahadur, Jay. The pirates of Somalia: Inside their hidden world. Vintage, 2011. Eponyms The Nugaal has three eponyms: * Nugaal Valley, a valley widest in Sool, but narrower in Nugaal bari * Nugaal Region, a province with Garowe at its center * Nugaal Plateau, the flat terrain above the Nugaal Valley also called Sorl * Nogal-Sool district, a Dhulbahante provinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karkaar
Karkaar is a mountain range which ranges from Somalia's northwestern border with Ethiopia, until Cape Guardafui.The State of the Environment in Somalia: A Desk Study, page 10, 2005 It is also an administrative region defined by the autonomous Puntland state. The territory occupies the south of what has traditionally been the Bari region of Somalia, and generally lies south of the Karkaar mountain range. Since the Somali Civil War The Somali Civil War (; ) is an List of ongoing armed conflicts, ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia. It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. From 1988 to 1990, the Somali Armed ..., the Karkaar mountains are often referred to as the Golis Mountains. According to the ''CULTURAL ORIENTATION SOMALI'' published by the Defense Language Institute in 2020, the Golis Mountains is another name for the Galgala Hills, part of the Karkaar mountain range. and the Ogo Highlands are south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bari, Somalia
Bari (, ) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in northeastern Somalia that consists of six districts: Qandala, Iskushuban, Aluula, Bosaso, Bandarbeyla, and Qardho. The port city of Bosaso is the capital of the region and the largest city in Bari. The region is part of the autonomous Somali state of Puntland. Overview It is bordered by Sool and Sanaag to the west, Nugal to the south, the Gulf of Aden to the north and the Guardafui Channel to the east. It is located on the tip of the Horn of Africa. Its name, Bari, literally means ''East'' in Somali. In terms of landmass, Bari is the largest region in Somalia. The highest point in this region is Mount Bahaya, the third tallest mountain in Somalia with an elevation of 2120 meters; other notable peaks include Karkaar and Cal Miskaad mountains. In 2024, Islamic State (IS) fighters wrested control of the Cal Miskaad (Al Miskaad) mountain range in Bari from rival militant group Al Shabaab. Demographics Most of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puntland Map Clan Osman
Puntland is an autonomous state that considers itself to be part of Somalia, despite not accepting the legitimacy of Somalia's current governing administration. It was formed in 1998, and was a federal member state of Somalia from its founding until 2024. Puntland is located northeast of Somalia and east of Somaliland. Its capital is the city of Garoowe in the Nugal region. The state had a population of 4,334,633 in 2016. Puntland is bordered by Somaliland to its west, the Gulf of Aden in the north, the Guardafui Channel in the northeast, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, Somalia, more specifically the central Galmudug region in the south, and Ethiopia in the southwest. There are several major geographical apexes in Puntland, including the Cape Guardafui, which forms the tip of the Horn of Africa, Ras Hafun the easternmost place on the entire African continent, and the beginning of the Karkaar mountain range. The name "Puntland" is derived from the Land of Punt mentioned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osmanya Alphabet
Osmanya (, ), known in Somali as ''Far Soomaali'' (, "Somali writing") and in Arabic as ''al-kitābah al-ʿuthmānīyah'' (; "Osman writing"), is an alphabetic script created to transcribe the Somali language. It was invented by Osman Yusuf Kenadid, the son of Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid and brother of Sultan Ali Yusuf Kenadid of the Sultanate of Hobyo. Material written in the script is 'almost non-existent,' so it is difficult to describe its use with certainty. History While Osmanya gained reasonable acceptance for correspondence and bookkeeping at the local level, it met fierce resistance as a national script for several reasons: it was identified with the Majeerteen clan, who supported the Italian colonial government, rather than with the Somali nation as a whole view that has changed somewhat in the 21st century there was opposition to making Somali rather than Arabic the official language of the country, and in addition there was opposition to using any indigenous sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osman Yuusuf Keenadiid
Osman Yusuf Kenadid (; ; 1889 – 14 August 1972) was a Somali poet, writer, teacher and ruler. Born in Ceel Huur in 1889, he went on to create the Osmanya alphabet for writing Somali. He died on 31 August 1972 in Mogadishu. Biography Kenadid grew up in the town of Galkayo, situated in north-central present-day Somalia. He served as a leader in the Majeerteen Sultanate of Hobyo and was the son of the polity's founder, Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid. He is also the father of Yasin Osman Kenadid. Kenadid hails from the Osman Mahamuud Majeerteen Darod clan. Also a writer, Kenadid published many works on various subjects related to Somali history and science, including textbooks on the Somali language, astronomy, geography and Somali philosophy. He borrowed significantly from the vast ancient Somali cultural repository, working towards a renaissance of this rich past. In the early 20th century many young Somalis felt it was of utmost importance to have a national script but their nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mudug
Mudug () is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in north-central Somalia. The population of Mudug is 131,455 as of 2005. Overview Physiographically, Mudug is bordered to the west by Ethiopia, to the north and south by the Somali regions of Nugal and Galguduud respectively, and to the east by the Indian Ocean. The provincial capital is Galkayo. The northern half of Mudug is part of Puntland whilst the southern half including the region of Galgaduud have formed the Galmudug State, which considers itself an autonomous state within the larger Federal Republic of Somalia, as defined by the provisional constitution of Somalia. Districts Mudug Region consists of five districts. Those followed by an asterisk are part of Galmudug: * Galdogob District * Galkayo District * Harardhere District* * Hobyo District* * Jariban District Villages * Dajimale *Qansahle *Isqambus *Bursalah *wisil *Caad *camaara *Docol *Xero-dhaxaley *bud-bud *Gawaan *Ceel-dibir *Bajeela *wargalo *t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf Ali Kenadid
Yusuf Ali Kenadid (; 1837 – 14 August 1911) was a Somali Sultan and the founder of the Sultanate of Hobyo. He was succeeded to the throne by his son Ali Yusuf Kenadid. Family Yusuf Ali Kenadid was born into the Bah Yaaqub (part of the larger Bah Dirooble) branch of the Osman Mahamuud, Majeerteen Darod family. He is the father of Osman Yusuf Kenadid, who would go on to create the Osmanya writing script for the Somali language. Yusuf Ali's grandson, Yasin Osman Kenadid, would later help found the Society for Somali Language and Literature. Yusuf Ali was not a lineal descendant of the previous dynasties that governed over northeastern Somalia. He independently amassed his own fortune, and would later evolve into a skilled military leader commanding more senior troops. "Kenadid" was not his surname, but rather a title given to him by his rivals. As per custom among the period's prominent urban traders, to ensure commercial success in the interior, Kenadid married a local wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
