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Nullsoft Scriptable Install System
Nullsoft, Inc. was an American software house founded in Sedona, Arizona in 1997 by programmer Justin Frankel. Its products included the Winamp media player and the SHOUTcast MP3 streaming media server. History In 1997, Justin Frankel, a programmer from Sedona, Arizona, founded Nullsoft, Inc in his home town. The company's name is a parody of Microsoft. ''Mike the Llama'' is the company's mascot. The company launched the media player Winamp in 1997, developed by Frankel and Dmitry Boldyrev. It was the second real-time MP3 player for Windows, following WinPlay3. Nullsoft, along with Spinner.com, were sold to America Online (AOL) on June 1, 1999, for around $400 million and thereafter existed as a subsidiary, subsequently becoming a division of AOL Music. The headquarters were moved to San Francisco, California. According to Bonnie Burton, then editor of the website Winamp.com, 2001 was a period of heightened tension between the Nullsoft staff and upper management, be ...
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Radionomy
Radionomy was an online platform that provided tools for operating online radio stations. It was part of Radionomy Group, a company which later acquired the online streaming platform SHOUTcast from Nullsoft, and eventually consolidated Radionomy into its SHOUTcast service. Concept Radionomy, a portmanteau of "radio" and "autonomy," is a platform that facilitates user-driven creation and consumption of online radio content. Through the Radionomy Musical Platform (RMO), users possess the autonomy to curate and program their online radio stations, incorporating elements such as music, commentary, and radio jingles. The platform empowers users to contribute original audio content, including musical compositions and jingles, and offers the capability for live broadcasts. To ensure compliance with copyright regulations, Radionomy secures licensing from SABAM, enabling the legal use of music content. The platform sustains its operations and fulfills royalty obligations by incorpora ...
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WinPlay3
WinPlay3 was the first real-time MP3 audio player for PCs running Windows,"1995: (...) In the same year, Fraunhofer provides a first PC based Layer 3 codec as shareware."— both 16-bit (Windows 3.1) and 32-bit (Windows 95). Prior to this, audio compressed with MP3 had to be decompressed prior to listening. It was released by Fraunhofer IIS ("Institute for Integrated Circuits"), creators of the MP3 format, on September 9, 1995. The latest version was released on May 23, 1997. In 2000, the program was discontinued and all information and downloads were removed from the Fraunhofer IIS website. The program became popular thanks to the warez scene. The first warez group to bring WinPlay3 to attention of a wider audience was Compress Da Audio. They released MP3 rips of CDs, with copies of WinPlay3 included, on several FTP-based warez sites. Rabid Neurosis emerged shortly afterwards, after which the scene exploded. Until the release of Winamp in 1997, WinPlay3 was the sole option f ...
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Video Codec
A video codec is software or Computer hardware, hardware that data compression, compresses and Uncompressed video, decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, ''codec'' is a portmanteau of ''encoder'' and ''decoder'', while a device that only compresses is typically called an ''Encoder (digital), encoder'', and one that only decompresses is a ''decoder''. The compressed data format usually conforms to a standard video coding format. The compression is typically lossy, meaning that the compressed video lacks some information present in the original video. A consequence of this is that decompressed video has lower quality than the original, uncompressed video because there is insufficient information to accurately reconstruct the original video. There are complex relationships between the video quality, the amount of data used to represent the video (determined by the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, sensitivity to data losses ...
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Audio Codec
An audio codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream (a codec) that encodes or decodes audio. In software, an audio codec is a computer program implementing an algorithm that compresses and decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file or streaming media audio coding format. The objective of the algorithm is to represent the high-fidelity audio signal with a minimum number of bits while retaining quality. This can effectively reduce the storage space and the bandwidth required for transmission of the stored audio file. Most software codecs are implemented as libraries which interface to one or more multimedia players. Most modern audio compression algorithms are based on modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) coding and linear predictive coding (LPC). In hardware, audio codec refers to a single device that encodes analog audio as digital signals and decodes digital back into analog. In other words, it contai ...
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Bleeping Computer
''Bleeping Computer'' is a website covering technology news and offering free computer help via its forums that was created by Lawrence Abrams in 2004. It publishes news focusing heavily on cybersecurity, but also covers other topics including computer software, computer hardware, operating system and general technology. In 2018, ''Bleeping Computer'' was added as an associate partner to the Europol NoMoreRansom project for the ransomware information and decryption tools provided by the site. History ''BleepingComputer'' was founded in 2004 after Abrams could not find existing technical support sites that could offer easy-to-understand instructions for his friends and family. The domain name bleepingcomputer.com originates from the sounds made by a broken computer and because a user might want to curse at a computer when it does not work properly. Since the CryptoLocker ransomware attack in September 2013, and a subsequent DDoS of the site due to its reporting on the new ma ...
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InnoSetup
Inno Setup is a free software script-driven installation system created in Delphi by Jordan Russell. The first version was released in 1997. History Since Jordan Russell wasn't satisfied with InstallShield Express which he had received upon purchase of Borland Delphi, he decided to make his own installer. The first public version was 1.09. To make an installation package with version 1.09, an "ISS.TXT" file needed to be created in the installation directory. In the file, the user needed to supply variables and values which are still used in Inno Setup today. These variables served as the configuration of the installation package but many other features could not be changed. The installation compiler had no editor and was more of a shell to compile scripts. Inno Setup grew popular due to being free for both commercial and non-commercial use, many software companies switched to the tool. Since Inno Setup was based around scripting, fans of Inno Setup started ISTool and ScriptM ...
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InstallShield
InstallShield is a proprietary software tool for creating installers or software packages. InstallShield is primarily used for installing software for Microsoft Windows desktop and server platforms, though it can also be used to manage software applications and packages on a variety of handheld and mobile devices. Features InstallShield generates a .msi file which can be used on the destination computer in order to install the payloads from the source computer where it was created. It is possible to specify questions, set prerequisites and registry settings that the user will be able to choose at the installation time. Development InstallShield was originally developed by The Stirling Group, a company founded in 1987 by Viresh Bhatia and Rick Harold, who had first met when they were computer science students at Northwestern University. Their first office was a small room in the basement of an old library building in Roselle, Illinois. They were to market a geographic mappi ...
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TechCrunch
TechCrunch is an American global online newspaper focusing on topics regarding high tech, high-tech and Startup company, startup companies. It was founded in June 2005 by Archimedes Ventures, led by partners Michael Arrington and Keith Teare. In 2010, AOL acquired the company for approximately $25 million. Following the 2015 Verizon Communications#Acquisition of AOL and Yahoo, acquisition of AOL and Yahoo! by Verizon, the site was owned by Verizon Media from 2015 through 2021. In 2021, Verizon sold its media assets, including AOL, Yahoo!, and TechCrunch, to the private equity firm Apollo Global Management. Apollo integrated them into a new entity called Yahoo! Inc. (2017–present), Yahoo! Inc. In addition to its news reporting, TechCrunch is also known for its annual Disrupt conference, a technology event hosted in several cities across the United States, Europe, and China. History TechCrunch was founded in June 2005 by Archimedes Ventures, led by partners Michael Arrington a ...
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Townsquare Media
Townsquare Media, Inc. (formerly Regent Communications until 2010) is an American radio network and media company based in Purchase, New York. The company started in radio and expanded into digital media toward the end of the 2000s, starting with the acquisition of the MOG Music Network. Townsquare was the third-largest AM–FM operator in the country, owning 349 radio stations in 74 markets. History As Regent Communications Townsquare Media was established as Regent Communications by Terry Jacobs in 1994. Jacobs was formerly the CEO of Jacor Communications, a radio broadcasting company which he created in 1979. Bill Stakelin later shared chief status in the company with Jacobs, and the two established JS Communications, later selling Regent to Jacor in 1997. Stakelin and Jacobs resurrected the Regent name to replace JS, with approval by Jacor. Jacobs left the company in 2005. On October 27, 2008, Regent Broadcasting joined Radiolicious and began streaming on the iPhone and ...
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Gnutella
Gnutella is a peer-to-peer network protocol. Founded in 2000, it was the first decentralized peer-to-peer network of its kind, leading to other, later networks adopting the model. In June 2005, Gnutella's population was 1.81 million computers increasing to over three million nodes by January 2006.On the Long-term Evolution of the Two-Tier Gnutella Overlay
. Rasti, Stutzbach, Rejaie, 2006. See Figure 2a.
In late 2007, it was the most popular file-sharing network on the Internet with an estimated market share of more than 40%.


History

The first client (also called Gnutella) from which the network got its name was developed by Justin Frankel and Tom Pepper of Nullsoft in early 2000, soon after the company's acquisition by AOL. On March 14, the program was ...
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Bonnie Burton
Bonnie Burton (born July 12, 1972) is a San Francisco-based author, journalist, comedian, actress, and show host. She is best known for arts & crafts books like ''The Star Wars Craft Book,'' and appearances on web series including ''Geek DIY'' on Stan Lee's ''World of Heroes'' YouTube channel, ''Ask Bonnie,'' Wil Wheaton's '' TableTop,'' and Felicia Day's '' Vaginal Fantasy Book Club.'' She is the former Senior Editor and Social Media Strategist at StarWars.com for Lucasfilm and was staff writer for '' Star Wars Insider'' magazine for 10 years. She works as a freelance writer with a specialty in writing about topics for young child and teen audiences. Early life Burton was born and raised on a farm in Dodge City, Kansas, to a mom who was a librarian and a father who was a farmer and animal medical salesman. Influenced by both the rural area and activities of her childhood like Sunday School, 4-H, and kindergarten—and supported by her mom who let her convert her playro ...
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