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Nicolás Esguerra
Nicolás Esguerra (September 10, 1838 – December 23, 1923) was a Colombian lawyer and statesman. Early life Esguerra was born in Bogotá, Republic of New Granada, the son of Colonel Domingo Esguerra, a veteran of the Independence war, and Serafina Ortiz. He lived in Ibagué for a good part of his life, and it was there that he came under the protection and influence of Manuel Murillo Toro, who helped him get admitted to college. Esguerra studied philosophy and law in the Colegio del Rosario where he graduated when he was twenty years old. Public Life and Politics After he graduated as a lawyer, Esguerra became a judge and a magistrate. He started participating eagerly in politics and eventually became a congressman in 1872. Between 1864 and 1885 he was the rector of the Colegio del Rosario, during which tenure he attempted to reconcile the liberal and free-thinking university and the Catholic clergy. This made him popular among both liberals and conservatives. As a direct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogotá
Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish Imperial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city, capital and largest city of Colombia, and one of the List of largest cities, largest cities in the world. The city is administered as the Capital District, as well as the capital of, though not politically part of, the surrounding department of Cundinamarca Department, Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the main political, economic, administrative, industrial, cultural, aeronautical, technological, scientific, medical and educational center of the country and northern South America. Bogotá was founded as the capital of the New Kingdom of Granada on 6 August 1538 by Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada after a harsh Spanish conquest of the Muisca, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Martí
José Julián Martí Pérez (; 28 January 1853 – 19 May 1895) was a Cuban nationalism, nationalist, poet, philosopher, essayist, journalist, translator, professor, and publisher, who is considered a Cuban national hero because of his role in the liberation of his country from Spain. He was also an important figure in Latin American literature. He was a political activist and is considered an important philosopher and Political philosophy, political theorist. Through his writings and political activity, he became a symbol of Cuba's bid for independence from the Spanish Empire in the 19th century and is referred to as the "Apostle of Cuban Independence". From adolescence on, he dedicated his life to the promotion of liberty, political independence for Cuba, and intellectual independence for all Hispanic America, Spanish Americans; his death was used as a cry for Cuban independence from Spain by both the Cuban revolutionaries and those Cubans previously reluctant to start a revolt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1923 Deaths
In Greece, this year contained only 352 days as 13 days was skipped to achieve the calendrical switch from Julian to Gregorian Calendar. It happened there that Wednesday, 15 February ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Thursday, 1 March ''(Gregorian Calendar).'' Events January–February * January 9, January 5 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory). * January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium Occupation of the Ruhr, occupy the Ruhr area, to force Germany to make reparation payments. * January 17 (or 9) – First flight of the first rotorcraft, Juan de la Cierva's Cierva C.4 autogyro, in Spain. (It is first demonstrated to the military on January 31.) * February 5 – Australian cricketer Bill Ponsford makes 429 runs to break the world record for the highest first-class cricket score for the first time in his third match at this level, at Melbourne Cricket Ground, giving the Victor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1838 Births
Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange, London, Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration of Morse's new invention, the telegraph. * January 21 – The first known report about the Lowest temperature recorded on Earth, lowest temperature on Earth is made, indicating in Yakutsk. * January 23 – A 1838 Vrancea earthquake, 7.5 earthquake strikes the Romanian district of Vrancea County, Vrancea causing damage in Moldavia and Wallachia, killing 73 people. * February 6 – Boer explorer Piet Retief and 60 of his men are massacred by King Dingane kaSenzangakhona of the Zulu people, after Retief accepts an invitation to celebrate the signing of a treaty, and his men willingly disarm as a show of good faith. * February 17 – Weenen massacre: Zulu impis massacre about 532 Voortrekkers, Khoikhoi and Sotho people, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Vicente Concha
José Vicente Concha Ferreira (April 21, 1867 – December 8, 1929) was a Colombian politician who served as President of Colombia from 1914 to 1918. He was also a noted member of the Colombian Conservative Party.Arismendi Posada, Ignacio; ''Gobernantes Colombianos'', trans. Colombian Presidents; Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición; Page 163; Bogotá, Colombia; 1983 Biographic data Concha was born in Bogotá, on April 21, 1867, during the administration of General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera. He died in Rome, on December 8, 1929, while serving as Ambassador to the Vatican City.Arismendi Posada, Ignacio; ''Gobernantes Colombianos'', trans. Colombian Presidents; Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición; Page 166; Bogotá, Colombia; 1983 Early life Concha studied jurisprudence and specialized in criminal law. He became a distinguished University professor in the fields of journalism, literature and oratory. He also stood out as a political debater, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Colombian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Colombia on 10 February 1914.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p305 They were the first direct presidential elections since 1860. The result was a victory for José Vicente Concha of the Conservative Party, who received 89.1% of the vote. Vicente took office on 7 August.Nohlen, p358 Results References Presidential elections in Colombia 1914 in Colombia Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ... February 1914 Election and referendum articles with incomplete results {{Colombia-election-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafael Reyes
Rafael Reyes Prieto (December 5, 1849 – February 18, 1921) was a Colombian politician and soldier who was the Chief of Staff of the Colombian National Army and President of Colombia (1904–1909).Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 149, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983 Biographic data Rafael Reyes was born in Santa Rosa de Viterbo, Boyacá, Colombia on December 5, 1849. He died in Bogotá on February 18, 1921. Rafael Reyes was the son of Ambrosio Reyes Moreno, who, a widower with five children, and remarried with Ms. Antonia Prieto and Solano, whose union there were four children, namely: Enrique, Maria, Rafael and Nestor. Ambrosio died when the eldest son of his second marriage, Enrique, was five. His wife Sofia Angulo came from the high society of Popayan and married in 1877, whose union there were six children, namely Rafael, Enrique, Amalia, Nina, Sofia and Pedro Ignacio. In 1898 widower, and refuses to rem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente (September 19, 1814 – March 12, 1902) was President of Colombia between 1898 and 1900.Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 141, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983 While in poor health, he was overthrown in a 1900 coup. Early life Sanclemente was born in Buga, Valle del Cauca Department on September 19, 1814. He died in Villeta, Cundinamarca on March 19, 1902, in house arrest.Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 144, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983 He studied law at the University of Cauca in Popayán. He graduated in 1837. Political career Sanclemente was elected to the position of magistrate of the Supreme Court of Colombia in 1854. During the administration of President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez, Sanclemente was appointed Secretary of Government and Minister of War, a position that he would hold betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colombian Constitution Of 1886
The Colombian Constitution of 1886 was the constitution that remade the United States of Colombia into the Republic of Colombia, and replaced the federal republic with a unitary state. Following the Colombian Civil War (1884–1885), a coalition of moderate Liberals and Conservatives, led by Rafael Nuñez, ended the political period known as "the Radical Olympus", repealed the Constitution of Rionegro (1863), and substituted it with the constitution of 1886. From then on, the country was officially known as the Republic of Colombia. The Constitution of 1886 was the longest lasting constitution in the history of Colombia, eventually being itself replaced by the Constitution of 1991. Constituent Assembly The Constituent Assembly consisted of 18 delegates, two from each of the nine states. Rafael Núñez announced a national regeneration program and changed the country from a decentralized federal system to a centralized system with a strong central presidency. The presidenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of New Granada
The Republic of New Granada was a Centralism, centralist unitary republic consisting primarily of present-day Colombia and Panama with smaller portions of today's Costa Rica, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil that existed from 1831 to 1858. The state was created after the dissolution of Great Colombia in 1830 through the secession of Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1858, the state was renamed into the Granadine Confederation. On 9 May 1834, the national flag was adopted and was used until 26 November 1861, with the Gran Colombian colours in Veles' arrangement. The merchant ensign had the eight-pointed star in white. History The history of the Republic of New Granada was marked by competing economic and political interests and rocked by violent conflicts and civil wars. One of the prime features of the political climate of the Republic was the position of the Roman Catholic Church and the level of autonomy for the federal states. In 1839, a dispute arose over the dissolution of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Of Colombia
The United States of Colombia () was the name adopted in 1863 by the for the Granadine Confederation, after years of civil war. Colombia became a federal state itself composed of nine "sovereign states.” It comprised the present-day nations of Colombia and Panama and parts of northwestern Brazil. After several more years of intermittent civil wars, it was replaced by the more centralist Republic of Colombia in 1886, predecessor to modern Colombia. History The civil war of 1860–1862 resulted in the dissolution of the Granadine Confederation which had been subjected increasingly to efforts by conservatives to centralize rule over the federal states. The liberal General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera defeated the conservative government of President Bartolomé Calvo during 1862 and was installed as new president. Much power was distributed back to the states from the government in Bogotá. Already in July 1861, when Mosquera had taken Bogotá and declared himself prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of The Interior (Colombia)
The Ministry of the Interior (MinInterior; ) is the Cabinet position of the Government of Colombia in charge of managing the relations between the national government and the local administrative divisions; the relations between the executive branch and the legislative branch; and the relations between the Government and Indigenous, Afro-descendant, LGBT, and other vulnerable populations. It is similar to the interior ministries of other countries. History In 1886, the Ministry of Government was created, which carried out functions of police and National Gendarmerie, National Archives, post and telegraph, hygiene and health. He was also in charge of the penitentiary system, personnel and material of the Supreme Court of Justice, Courts, Courts, Public Ministry, Notary, and Registrars of public and private Instruments, as well as mortgage annotators; In addition to the elections, electoral identification or electoral business, however, this remained until the creation of the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
