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Ni Zan
Ni Zan (; 1301–1374) was a Chinese painter during the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, Ming periods. Along with Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen (painter), Wu Zhen, and Wang Meng (painter), Wang Meng, he is considered to be one of the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty. Life Ni Zan was born into a wealthy family in Wuxi. His courtesy name was Yuan Zhen (元鎮), and his art names were Yun Lin Zi (雲林子), Huan Xia Sheng (幻霞生), and Jing Man Min (荊蠻民).Cihai: Page 253. He was born after the death of the Kublai Khan, the Mongol ruler who defeated the Southern Song, Song and established dominance over all the areas that had traditionally been considered China. The Yuan rulers did not trust many of the Confucian scholars and instead preferred to appoint Mongolians and Muslims to administrative positions. Ni Zan was born into an elite family who could afford the cost of a rigorous Confucian education for him in spite of the unavailability of high-paying governmental jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ni (surname)
Ni is the Standard Chinese, Mandarin pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character. It is romanized Ngai (surname), Ngai in Cantonese. It is romanized as "Geh" in Malaysia and Singapore, and "Ge" in Indonesia, from its Minnan / Hokkian pronunciation. Ni is listed 71st in the Song dynasty Chinese classics, classic text ''Hundred Family Surnames''. As of 2008, it is the 116th most common surname in China, shared by 1.4 million people. Notable people * Ni Bian or Ni Shui (:zh:倪说, 倪说, 3rd century BC), Warring States period diplomat from the state of Song (state), Song * Ni Kuan (:zh:兒寬, 倪寬; died 103 BC), Western Han dynasty minister * Ni Shu (9th – 10th century), Southern Han chancellor * Ni Wenjun (died 1357), general of the Red Turban Rebellion * Ni Zan (1301–1374), painter, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty * Ni Yuanlu (1593–1644), Ming dynasty official and painter * Ni Xiangkai (:zh:倪象愷, 倪象愷; fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Red Turban Rebellion
The Red Turban Rebellions () were uprisings against the Yuan dynasty between 1351 and 1368, eventually leading to its collapse. Remnants of the Yuan imperial court retreated northwards and is thereafter known as the Northern Yuan in historiography. Background Factional strife In the early 1300s, the imperial court of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty was split between two factions on how best to govern the empire. One faction favored a Mongol-centric policy that favored Mongol and Inner Asian interests while the opposing faction leaned towards a more Han-based "Confucian" governing style. The latter group conducted a coup in 1328 to enthrone Kusala (Emperor Mingzong). Kusala was literate in the Chinese language and made efforts to write Chinese poetry and to produce Chinese calligraphy. He patronized Chinese learning and art with a new academy and office in the inner court. Others at court such as the Merkit Majarday and his son, Toqto'a, also led the way in cultivating Chinese l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Chinese Tea Masters
Chinese may refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people identified with China, through nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **Han Chinese, East Asian ethnic group native to China. **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of various ethnicities in contemporary China ** Ethnic minorities in China, people of non-Han Chinese ethnicities in modern China ** Ethnic groups in Chinese history, people of various ethnicities in historical China ** Nationals of the People's Republic of China ** Nationals of the Republic of China ** Overseas Chinese, Chinese people residing outside the territories of mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan * Sinitic languages, the major branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family ** Chinese language, a group of related languages spoken predominantly in China, sharing a written script (Chinese characters in traditional and simplified forms) *** Standard Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
14th-century Chinese Painters
The 14th century lasted from 1 January 1301 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCCI) to 31 December 1400 (MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of King Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by King Edward III of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and the Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1374 Deaths
Year 1374 ( MCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 23 – In recognition of his services, Edward III of England grants the English writer Geoffrey Chaucer a gallon of wine a day, for the rest of his life. * June 24 – The illness dancing mania begins in Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), possibly due to ergotism. * October 27 – King Gongmin of Goryeo is assassinated and succeeded by U of Goryeo on the throne of Goryeo (in modern-day Korea). * November 25 – James of Baux succeeds his uncle, Philip II, as Prince of Taranto (modern-day eastern Italy) and titular ruler of the Latin Empire (northern Greece and western Turkey). Date unknown * Rao Biram Dev succeeds Rao Kanhadev as ruler of Marwar (the modern-day Jodhpur district of India). * Shaikh Hasan Jalayir succeeds his father, Shaykh Uways Jalayir, as ruler of the Jalayirid Sultanate in modern-day Iraq and western Iran. Hasan p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1301 Births
Year 1301 ( MCCCI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January– March * January 14 – With the death of King Andrew III ("Andrew the Venetian") after a short illness, possibly from poisoning, the Árpád Dynasty in Hungary ends. This results in a power struggle between Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Otto III of Bavaria, and Charles Robert of Naples. Eventually, Wenceslaus is elected and crowned as king of Hungary and Croatia. His rule is only nominal, because a dozen powerful Hungarian nobles hold sway over large territories in the kingdom. * January 25 – Second Mongol invasion of Burma: The forces of Temür Khan, Mongol leader who also serves as the Emperor Chengzong of China, reach Myinsaing, capital of the Myinsaing Kingdom in central Burma, and begin a siege of the city that will last for almost three months before the invasion leaders are paid to leave.Than Tun, ''History of Burma: A.D. 1300–1400'' (Burma Research Societ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nicole Vandier-Nicolas
Nicole Vandier-Nicolas (24 July 1906 – 1 March 1987), also known as Nicole Nicolas, was a French sinologist, professor and philosopher. She was specialized in Chinese art and Buddhism. She was the “first to suggest the connection between the verse written on the one side of the scroll and the pictures on the other side.” Biography Nicole Vandier-Nicolas was born as Alberte Émilie Marie Nicole Zoé Vandier on 24 July 1906 in Paris, France. She was a professor of Chinese civilization at the National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations. She also taught the subject of Chinese art at the École du Louvre. She translated a number of literary works from Chinese to French. She died on 1 March 1987 in Marcilly-d'Azergues Marcilly-d'Azergues is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France. See also *Communes of the Rhône department The following is a list of the 208 communes of the Rhône department of France. This list does not includes the Ly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Wu Hung
Wu Hung ( zh, t=, s=巫鸿, p=Wū Hóng) is an art historian and Harrie A. Vanderstappen Distinguished Service Professor of Art History and the College at the University of Chicago. He has also taught at Harvard University and worked as an adjunct faculty curator at the Smart Museum of Art. He currently serves as the director of the Center for the Art of East Asia at the University of Chicago. Early life and education Wu Hung was born in Leshan, Sichuan China in 1945. His father, Wu Baosan, a renowned Chinese economist, met his mother, Sun Jiaxiu, a specialist in Western drama studies, when they were studying in the US in the 1930s. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Wu and his parents moved to Beijing, where his father worked as the Deputy Director of the Institute of Economics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and where his mother taught at the Central Academy of Drama. In 1963, Wu was admitted to the Central Academy of Fine Arts to study art history in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Yang Xin (art Historian)
Yang Xin (; 1940 – 31 January 2020) was a Chinese art historian and curator who served as Vice Director of the Palace Museum in Beijing from 1987 to 2000. He edited the 60-volume ''The Palace Museum‘s Essential Collections'' as well as its 10-volume English edition (Commercial Press, 2015), and co-authored ''Three Thousand Years of Chinese Painting'' (Yale University Press, 2002). Biography Yang was born in 1940 in Xiangyin County, Hunan, Republic of China. After graduating from the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts High School in 1960, he entered the first class of the Art History Department of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, where he studied under the renowned scholars and Qigong. He began working at the Palace Museum in Beijing in 1965. After the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, Yang became a researcher and served as the main assistant and disciple of Xu Bangda in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1984, he spent a year as a Henry Luce Scholar at the University of California, Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
James Cahill (art Historian)
James Francis Cahill (; August 13, 1926 – February 14, 2014) was an American art collector and historian who taught at the University of California, Berkeley. He was considered one of the world's top authorities on Chinese art. Early life and education James Cahill was born on August 13, 1926, in Fort Bragg, California. His parents were divorced when he was two, and he lived with a number of relatives and friends. He became interested in literature and music at Berkeley High School (Berkeley, California), Berkeley High School. In 1943 Cahill entered the University of California, Berkeley, initially to study English, but decided to study Japanese instead because of World War II. He was later drafted into the US Army, and served as a translator in Japan and Korea from 1946 to 1948. In Asia he became interested in collecting paintings. In 1948 he returned to UC Berkeley and received a bachelor's degree in Oriental languages in 1950. He then studied art history under Max Loehr at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Princeton University Art Museum
The Princeton University Art Museum (PUAM) is the Princeton University gallery of art, located in Princeton, New Jersey. With a collecting history that began in 1755, the museum was formally established in 1882, and now houses over 117,000 works of art ranging from antiquity to the contemporary period. The Princeton University Art Museum dedicates itself to supporting and enhancing the university's goals of teaching, research, and service in fields of art and culture, as well as to serving regional communities and visitors from around the world. Its collections concentrate on the Mediterranean region, Western Europe, Asia, the United States, and Latin America. The museum has a large collection of Greek and Roman antiquities, including ceramics, marbles, bronzes, and Roman mosaics from Princeton University's excavations in Antioch. Medieval Europe is represented by sculpture, metalwork, and stained glass. The collection of Western European paintings includes examples from the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Palace Museum
The Palace Museum (), also known as the Beijing Palace Museum, is a large national museum complex housed in the Forbidden City at the core of Beijing, China. With , the museum inherited the imperial royal palaces from the Ming and Qing dynasties of China and opened to the public in 1925 after the last Emperor of China, the Xuantong Emperor (Puyi), was evicted in 1924. Constructed from 1406 to 1420, the museum consists of 980 buildings. It is home to over 1.8 million pieces of art, mostly from the imperial collection of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The 20th century saw its expansion through new acquisitions, transfers from other museums, and new archaeological discoveries. According to the '' Beijing Evening Post'', the museum has seen more than 17 million visitors in 2018, making it the world's most visited museum. It has an average of 15 million visitors annually since 2012. Due to this increased pressure, the management has set a daily limit for visitors of 80,000 since 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
