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Nguyễn Đức Thắng
Nguyễn Đức Thắng was a Lieutenant general in the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). Military career During the early 1960s, Thắng served as the commanding officer of the ARVN 5th Infantry Division. On 20 December 1962, he was replaced by Nguyễn Văn Thiệu on the orders of President Ngo Dinh Diem. In mid-1965 he was the ARVN operations chief and a member of the governing military junta led by Nguyễn Cao Kỳ. In meetings with United States Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara from 28 to 30 November 1965 in Saigon Thắng advised that the South Vietnamese leadership agreed that American and allied (that is, South Korean and Australian) combat units had the "primary mission" of "search and destroy" and a secondary one of defending strategic bases and that South Vietnamese forces, both regulars and territorials, had the primary mission of "pacification" and would operate in populated areas. From a "purely military point of view," Thắng envi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cao Bằng
Cao Bằng () is a city in northern Vietnam. It is the capital and largest settlement of Cao Bằng Province. It is located on the bank of the Bằng Giang river, and is around away from the border with China's Guangxi region. According to the 2019 census, Cao Bằng City has a population of 73,549 people. History The area, Cao Bằng (), was the stronghold of the last years of the Mạc dynasty after their 1592 defeat at the hands of the Trịnh lords. During the 19th century the area was resistant to the Nguyễn government. The city is also known for the Battle of Cao Bằng, the first major decisive victory of the Việt Minh against the French Army. During the Sino-Vietnamese War The Sino-Vietnamese War (also known by other names) was a brief conflict that occurred in early 1979 between China and Vietnam. China launched an offensive ostensibly in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978, whi ..., Cao Bằng fell for a limited time in Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellsworth Bunker
Ellsworth F. Bunker (May 11, 1894 – September 27, 1984) was an American businessman and diplomat who served as ambassador to Argentina, Italy, India, Nepal and South Vietnam. He is perhaps best known for being a hawk on the war in Vietnam and Southeast Asia during the 1960s and 1970s. , Bunker is one of only two people to have been awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom twice, and the only person to receive both awards With Distinction. Early life and education Ellsworth Bunker was born on May 11, 1894, in Yonkers, New York. He was the eldest of three children of George Raymond Bunker and Jeanie Polhemus (''née'' Cobb), whose family descended from prominent early Dutch settlers including the Evertson family (of the Great Nine Partners) and the Schuyler family. His great-grandmother Eliza Brodhead Polhemus ''née'' Heyer was a niece of Stephen Whitney, reputedly the wealthiest American of his time after John Jacob Astor, while her first cousin Charles Suydam was the brother ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. The Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) launched a surprise attack on 30 January 1968 against the forces of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the United States Armed Forces and their allies. It was a campaign of surprise attacks against military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam. The name is the truncated version of the Lunar New Year festival name in Vietnamese, Tết Nguyên Đán, with the offense chosen during a holiday period as most ARVN personnel were on leave. The purpose of the wide-scale offensive by the Hanoi Politburo was to trigger political instability in a belief that mass armed assault on urban centers would trigger defections and rebellions. The offensive was launched prematurely in the early morning hours of 30 January in large parts of the I and II Corps Tactical Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Văn Mạnh
Nguyễn Văn Mạnh was a Lieutenant general in the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). Military career In mid-1965 he commanded the 23rd Division. On 23 November 1966 he was appointed commander of IV Corps, which oversaw the Mekong Delta region, replacing the competent, but corrupt General Đặng Văn Quang. Mạnh was a supporter of General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu. During the Tet Offensive Mạnh was preoccuppied with the security of his headquarters at Cần Thơ Base Camp, rather than commanding his subordinate units throughout his Corps Tactical Zone. On 23 February 1968 he was replaced as IV Corps commander by Lieutenant general Nguyễn Đức Thắng. Mạnh then became the ARVN inspector-general. In 1969 he was appointed chief of staff of the Joint General Staff (JGS). In March 1974 he was made deputy chairman of the JGS for pacification and development in place of Lieutenant general Nguyen Van La who retired because of old age. Awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phan Trọng Chinh
Phan Trọng Chinh (1 February 1931 – 17 November 2014) was a Lieutenant general of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). Military career In November 1960 Chinh supported the 1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt, attempted coup against Leaders of South Vietnam, President Ngo Dinh Diem. Following the failure of the coup he was arrested and eventually put on trial in July 1963 and was sentenced to 18 years in prison. However following the successful 1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état, coup in November 1963 he was released and reinstated in the ARVN. In 1964 Chinh commanded the 25th Division (South Vietnam), 25th Division operating west and northwest of Saigon. The division guarded Highway 4, the major rice supply route to the Mekong Delta, and protected the roads and towns of Tây Ninh province, Tây Ninh, Hậu Nghĩa province, Hậu Nghĩa and Long An provinces (with a total of fourteen districts). Strong Vietcong forces operated in both Hau Hậu Nghĩa an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Komer
Robert William "Blowtorch Bob" Komer (February 23, 1922 – April 9, 2000) was an American national security adviser known for managing Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support during the Vietnam War. Early life and education Born in Chicago, Illinois and raised in St. Louis, Missouri. Komer graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Business School, later training at Camp Ritchie and its Military Intelligence Training Center, making Komer one of the Ritchie Boys. Like many Ritchie Boys, he later joined the Central Intelligence Agency in its infancy in 1947. Career Komer served on the staff of the National Security Council, which was led by McGeorge Bundy. After Bundy's departure, Komer briefly succeeded Bundy as interim National Security Advisor, before he was assigned to the Vietnam pacification campaign. While with the NSC, Komer and others negotiated with Israeli prime minister Levi Eshkol a memorandum of understanding (MOU) about Israeli nuclear capabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Operations And Revolutionary Development Support
The Civil Operations and Rural Development Support (CORDS) was a pacification program of the governments of South Vietnam and the United States during the Vietnam War. The program was created on 9 May 1967, and included military and civilian components of both governments. The objective of CORDS was to gain support for the government of South Vietnam from its rural population which was largely under influence or controlled by the insurgent communist forces of the Viet Cong (VC) and the North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN). Unlike earlier pacification programs in Vietnam, CORDS is seen by many authorities as a "successful integration of civilian and military efforts" to combat the insurgency. By 1970, 93 percent of the rural population of South Vietnam was believed by the United States to be living in "relatively secure" villages. CORDS had been extended to all 44 provinces of South Vietnam, and the communist insurgency was much reduced. Critics, however, have described ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Westmoreland
William Childs Westmoreland (26 March 1914 – 18 July 2005) was a United States Army general, most notably the commander of United States forces during the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1968. He served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1968 to 1972. In Vietnam, Westmoreland adopted a strategy of attrition against the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army, to drain them of manpower and supplies. He also made use of the United States' superiority in artillery and air power, employed in tactical confrontations and in relentless strategic bombing of North Vietnam. As time went on and success was not gained, public support for the war diminished, especially after the Battle of Khe Sanh and the Tet Offensive in 1968. When he was reassigned as Army Chief of Staff, United States military forces in Vietnam had reached a peak of 535,000 personnel. Westmoreland's strategy was ultimately politically and militarily unsuccessful. Growing United States casualties and the dra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COMUSMACV
The U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) was a joint-service command of the United States Department of Defense, composed of forces from the United States Army, United States Navy, and United States Air Force, as well as their respective special operations forces. MACV was created on 8 February 1962, in response to the increase in United States military assistance to South Vietnam. MACV was implemented to assist and oversee the Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) Vietnam while the Viet Cong insurgency was under way. It was reorganized on 15 May 1964 and absorbed MAAG Vietnam when the deployment of combat units became too large for the advisory group to control. General Paul D. Harkins was the first commanding general of MACV (COMUSMACV), and was previously the commander of MAAG Vietnam. After reorganization he was succeeded by General William Westmoreland in June 1964, followed by General Creighton W. Abrams (July 1968) and General Frederick C. Weyand (June 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1967 South Vietnamese Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in South Vietnam on 3 September 1967, following the promulgation of a new constitution on 1 April. The result was a victory for Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, who received 35% of the vote. Voter turnout was 83%. The elections are widely considered to have been fraudulent. Background The military junta chaired by Nguyễn Cao Kỳ intended to endorse only one candidate for the presidency. Kỳ intended to run, but at the last minute changed his mind and backed Thiệu,Karnow, p466 a move he later called "the biggest mistake of my life." Thiệu nominated Kỳ as his running mate. American policymakers heard rumors that the generals had agreed to subvert the constitution, and ''The New York Times'' revealed the formation of a secret military committee that would control the government after the elections. During the negotiations within the military, Kỳ had agreed to stand aside in exchange for behind-the-scenes power through a military committee that w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint General Staff
The Joint General Staff (JGS) was a body of senior uniformed leaders in the South Vietnamese military which advised the Ministry of National Defence and the President of South Vietnam. Organisation The JGS carried out administrative and planning functions for the entire Republic of Vietnam Military Forces. Actually an Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) headquarters, it ran the ARVN's training and logistical system and directly controlled a number of support units in the Saigon area. As the highest South Vietnamese military headquarters, it also dealt directly with the theater-level American military headquarters in South Vietnam, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV). However, it possessed only limited authority over the Corps commanders and other major military elements. The JGS itself consisted of five functional elements, supervised by a chief of staff. An Operations Directorate controlled five staff sections U-2, J-3, J-5, J-6 and J-7); a Personnel Directorate had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Bảo Trị
Lieutenant general Nguyễn Bảo Trị (January 26, 1929 – January 8, 2024) was an officer of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Biography In September 1964 he became commander of the 7th Division. Nguyen served as the commander of III Corps, which oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital Saigon, from 1 October 1965 until 9 June of the next year, when he was replaced by Lieutenant General Le Nguyen Khang.Tucker, pp. 526–533. Nguyen died in Huntington Beach, California Huntington Beach is a seaside city in Orange County, California, United States. The city was originally called Pacific City, but it was changed in 1903 to be named after American businessman Henry E. Huntington. The population was 198,711 as of ... on January 8, 2024, at the age of 94. Notes References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyen, Bao Tri 1929 births 2024 deaths Army of the Republic of Vietnam generals Military personnel from Hanoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
