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Nguyễn Văn Lộc (Tây Sơn Dynasty)
Nguyễn Văn Lộc (; 24 August 1922 – 31 May 1992) was a South Vietnamese educator, lawyer, and politician who served as Prime Minister of South Vietnam between 31 October 1967 and 18 May 1968. His second wife, Nguyễn Thị Mai, would be the subject of a biography, ''Black Silk Pajamas'' in 2000. Biography Early life and education He was born on 24 August 1922, in Long Chau village, Chau Thanh district - Vinh Long (now Vinh Long City, Vinh Long Province) to a wealthy family. From 1950 to 1955, he studied abroad in France and the United Kingdom in which he obtained a bachelor's degree in law from the University of Montpellier, France in 1954, and a master's degree in criminal law from the University of Paris, France in 1964. In 1965, he went on to study more about international law in the Netherlands at The Hague Academy of International Law. Career In 1945, he participated in the Anti-French War of Resistance, commonly known as the First Indochina War, in which he serve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnam, South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the Leaders of South Vietnam, president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces, Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), became head of a military junta in 1965, and then president after winning a rigged election in 1967. He established rule over South Vietnam until he resigned and left the nation and relocated to Taipei a few days before the fall of Saigon and the ultimate North Vietnamese victory. Born in Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, Phan Rang in the South Central Coast, south central coast of Vietnam, Thieu joined the communist-dominated Việt Minh of Hồ Chí Minh in 1945 but quit after a year and joined the Vietnamese National Army (VNA) of the French-backed State of Vietnam. He gradually rose up the ranks and, in 1954, led a battalion in expelling the communists from his native vil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linh Quang Viên
Linh Quang Viên (November 11, 1918 – January 17, 2013) was a Vietnamese soldier who rose to the rank of Lieutenant General in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Vien was born in Cao Bang, northern Vietnam. He attended Albert Sarraut High School in Hanoi, and graduated in 1939. In 1958, he graduated from the Command and General Staff College, [Fort Leavenworth], Kansas. He served in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and rose to the rank of Lieutenant General, Chief of Staff Inter-armed Forces (Tham Muu truong Lien Quan). In 1964 he commanded the 22nd Division (South Vietnam), 22nd Division. He participated in many military cabinets between 1965 and 1974 during the various military junta's leadership after the Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem, deposal of President Ngo Dinh Diem. Was Political Commissar in the Armed Forces Council (Uy Vien Chinh Tri Hoi Dong Quan Luc), Head of the Central Intelligence Directorate (Phu Dac Uy Trung Uong Tinh Bao), Minister of In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Văn Vy
Nguyễn (阮) (sometimes abbreviated as Ng̃) is the most common surname of the Vietnamese people. Outside of Vietnam, the surname is commonly rendered without diacritics as ''Nguyen''. By some estimates 30 to 39 percent of Vietnamese people bear this surname.Lê Trung Hoa, ''Họ và tên người Việt Nam'', NXB Khoa học - Xã hội, 2005 Origin and usage is the transcription of the Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation of the character 阮, which originally was used to write a name of a state in Gansu or ruan, an ancient Chinese instrument. The same Chinese character is often romanized as in Mandarin and as in Cantonese. The first recorded mention of a person surnamed Nguyễn is a description dating AD 317, of a journey to Giao Châu undertaken by Eastern Jin dynasty officer Nguyễn Phu and his family. Many events in Vietnamese history have contributed to the name's prominence. In 1232, after usurping the Lý dynasty, Trần Thủ Độ forced the descendants of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trần Văn Đỗ
Trần Văn Đỗ (; 15 November 1903 – 20 December 1990) was a South Vietnamese intellectual and politician who served in both the governments of the State of Vietnam and South Vietnam as Minister of Foreign Affairs (South Vietnam), Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister of South Vietnam. He was the younger brother of Trần Văn Chương, who served as the South Vietnamese ambassador to the United States in the early 1960s under the government of South Vietnam's first President Ngô Đình Diệm. He was also the uncle of then South Vietnam's First Lady Trần Lệ Xuân, commonly known as Madame Nhu. He was an outspoken critic of the Diệm's government, and in 1960, he was one of the main drafters of the Caravelle Manifesto, a public document, supported by many political factions of the South Vietnamese government, demanding reform within Diệm's government. Biography Early life He was born on 15 November 1903 in Phủ Lý, Tonkin, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Republic Of Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the French Union, with its capital at Saigon, before becoming a republic in 1955, when the southern half of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of the Cold War after the 1954 Geneva Conference, 1954 division of Vietnam. South Vietnam was bordered by North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) to the north, Kingdom of Laos, Laos to the northwest, Khmer Republic, Cambodia to the southwest, and Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. Its sovereignty was recognized by the United States and 87 other nations, though it failed to gain admission into the United Nations as a result of a Soviet Union, Soviet veto in 1957. It was succeeded by the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1967 South Vietnamese Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in South Vietnam on 3 September 1967, following the promulgation of a new constitution on 1 April. The result was a victory for Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, who received 35% of the vote. Voter turnout was 83%. The elections are widely considered to have been fraudulent. Background The military junta chaired by Nguyễn Cao Kỳ intended to endorse only one candidate for the presidency. Kỳ intended to run, but at the last minute changed his mind and backed Thiệu,Karnow, p466 a move he later called "the biggest mistake of my life." Thiệu nominated Kỳ as his running mate. American policymakers heard rumors that the generals had agreed to subvert the constitution, and ''The New York Times'' revealed the formation of a secret military committee that would control the government after the elections. During the negotiations within the military, Kỳ had agreed to stand aside in exchange for behind-the-scenes power through a military committee that w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Việt Minh
The Việt Minh (, ) is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam ( or , ; ), which was a communist-led national independence coalition formed at Pác Bó by Hồ Chí Minh on 19 May 1941. Also known as the Việt Minh Front (), it was created by the Indochinese Communist Party (ICP) as a united front to achieve the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The was previously formed by Hồ Học Lãm in Nanjing, China, at some point between August 1935 and early 1936, when Vietnamese nationalist parties formed an anti-imperialist united front. This organization soon lapsed into inactivity, only to be taken over by Hồ Chí Minh and the ICP in 1941. They presented the organization as inclusive of political groups, with a founding charter more nationalist than communist. It exhorted "soldiers, workers, peasants, intellectuals, civil servants, merchants, young men and women" to overthrow "French jackals" and "Japanese fascists" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Lutte (newspaper)
''La Lutte'' ('The Struggle') was a left-wing paper published (in French to get around print restrictions on Vietnamese) in Saigon, French-colonial Cochinchina (southern Vietnam), in the 1930s. It was launched ahead of the April–May 1933 Saigon municipal council election as a joint organ of the Indochinese Communist Party (PCI) and a grouping of Trotskyists (which became known as ''Nhom Tranh Dau'', the 'Struggle Group', after ''La Lutte'') and others who agreed to run a joint "Workers' slate" of candidates for the polls.Bousquet, Gisèle L. Behind the Bamboo Hedge: The Impact of Homeland Politics in the Parisian Vietnamese Community'. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991. pp. 34-35Alexander, Robert J. International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement'. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991. pp. 961-962Trager, Frank N (ed.). Marxism in Southeast Asia; A Study of Four Countries'. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1959. p. 134 This kind of co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Indochina War
The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, and alternatively internationally as the French-Indochina War) was fought between French Fourth Republic, France and Việt Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 21 July 1954. Việt Minh was led by Võ Nguyên Giáp and Hồ Chí Minh. Most of the fighting took place in Tonkin in Northern Vietnam, although the conflict engulfed the entire country and also extended into the neighboring French Indochina protectorates of Kingdom of Laos, Laos and French protectorate of Cambodia, Cambodia. At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, the Allied Combined Chiefs of Staff decided that Indochina south of 16th parallel north, latitude 16° north was to be included in the Southeast Asia Command under British Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Admiral Mountbatten. On V-J Day, September 2, Hồ Chí Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hague Academy Of International Law
The Hague Academy of International Law () is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Courses are taught in English and French and, except for External Programme Courses, are held in the Peace Palace. The academy is notable for its Summer Courses Programme. The academy's alumni, faculty, and administration have included heads of state; foreign ministers; ambassadors; 12 judges of the International Court of Justice; one former secretary-general of the United Nations, Boutros Boutros-Ghali; and two Nobel Prize recipients. History Since its creation in 1923, the Hague Academy of International Law has occupied premises at the Peace Palace. Next to the Peace Palace building, the academy's facilities include the Academy Hall built for international conferences, the Peace Palace Library, and further administrative accommodations. The new buildings were planned and realized by architects Mic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands consists of Provinces of the Netherlands, twelve provinces; it borders Germany to the east and Belgium to the south, with a North Sea coastline to the north and west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with the United Kingdom, Germany, and Belgium. The official language is Dutch language, Dutch, with West Frisian language, West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland. Dutch, English_language, English, and Papiamento are official in the Caribbean Netherlands, Caribbean territories. The people who are from the Netherlands is often referred to as Dutch people, Dutch Ethnicity, Ethnicity group, not to be confused by the language. ''Netherlands'' literally means "lower countries" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
