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National Library And Archives Of Iran
The National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI; ) or National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran is located in Tehran, Iran, with twelve branches across the country. The NLAI is an educational, research, scientific, and service institute authorized by the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Its president is appointed by the President of Iran. The NLAI is the largest library in the Middle East and includes more than fifteen-million items in its collections.Kent, Allen and Lancour, Harold and Daily, Jay E. (eds.). "Iran, Libraries". ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science''. vol. 13. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 26–28 On 19 March 2024 an eyewitness discovered that some ten thousand National Library publications eg. pre-1979 revolution magazines held by the library and archives organization were destroyed secretly. The government claimed they were "old and unreadable". Deputy Head of National Library, Esmat Momeni, in an interview with the Islamic Republic News Agenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Library Of Iran (logo)
The National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI) or National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran is located in Tehran, Iran, with twelve branches across the country. The NLAI is an educational, research, scientific, and service institute authorized by the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Its president is appointed by the President of Iran. The NLAI is the largest library in the Middle East and includes more than fifteen-million items in its collections.Kent, Allen and Lancour, Harold and Daily, Jay E. (eds.). "Iran, Libraries". ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science''. vol. 13. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 26–28 History Iran's national library and national archives began as separate institutions. In 2002, the two merged to form the National Library and Archives of Iran, but continue to operate in two independent buildings. Library The prototype of a national library in Iran was the Library of Dar al-Funun College, established in 1851. The college's small libra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Iran
The president of Iran ( fa, رئیسجمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president is required to gain the Supreme Leader's official approval before being sworn in by the Parliament and the Supreme Leader has the power to dismiss the elected president if he has either been impeached by Parliament or found guilty of a constitutional violation by the Supreme Court. The president carries out the decrees, and answers to the Supreme Leader, who functions as the country's head of state.(see Article 110 of the constitution) Unlike the executive in other countries, the president of Iran does not have full control over the government, which is ultimately under the direct control of the Supreme Leader. Before elections, the nominees must be approved by the guardian council to become a president candidate. Members of the guardian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yousef Shariatzadeh
Yousef Shariatzadeh (1930-2001) ( fa, یوسف شریعتزاده) was an Iranian architect and one of the pioneers of contemporary architecture in Iran. He was born in 1930 in Tabriz. He began his studies in the field of architecture at the Faculty of Fine Arts of Tehran University and graduated from this university in 1963. Professional life Shariatzadeh and Amir Nusrat Monanghah (Persian: امیر نصرت منقح) together founded the "Amir Nusrat Monanghah and Youssef Shariatzadeh Institute" in 1958, one of the technical teams of Iranian architecture was formed in a short period of time. The result of the collaboration between these two architects (1954–1962) is the following: * Gendarmerie Hospital (current police force) on Vali Asr Street. * The central building of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in Azadi Street, Tehran. * A number of hospitals and health centers of the Social Insurance Organization in different parts of the country, including the 30 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbas Abad (Tehran)
Abbās Ābād ( fa, عباسآباد - approximate latitude of 35°44'08"N and longitude of 51°26'08"E) is a large north-central neighborhood of Tehran, Iran, designated within the Seventh Municipal District of the capital. History Abbas Abad was originally conceived in the 1950s and 60's as a housing and residential center for members of various branches of the military,"The Architecture of Tehran: a Window into Iranian Culture, History - International symposium on Tehran architecture, Washington D.C., May 27, 2004" especially for the ground forces (although on a non-exclusive basis; for instance, in the 1970s the district also became home to a number of |
Museum Of Ancient Iran
The Museum of Ancient Iran is the first Iranian museum and is located at the western part of Mashhq Square in Tehran. A French architect, named André Godard, started the construction of the museum on May 11, 1934 by the order of Reza Shah. The museum building was completed in 1937 and then was opened for first public visits. The land allocated to this museum is 5,500 square meters, of which 2,744 square meters is used for the foundation of the museum. The building Since the design of a museum should be relevant to its theme and the objects inside it, as well as being linked to the history and the art of that land, therefore, the facade and the entrance of the museum were both made in the same style of Taq Kasra. Taq Kasra was a palace in Ctesiphon, the capital of the Sasanian Empire. The porch to the palace is 35 meters tall, 50 meters wide and 25 meters deep. Bricks used are dark red to reflect the Sasanian architecture. The museum is about 11,000 square meters, with its main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian (), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, ', ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible standard language, standard varieties, namely Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari, Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964) and Tajik language, Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate society, Persianate history in the cultural sphere of Greater Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maxime Siroux
Maxime Siroux (25 October 1907 – 26 January 1975) was a French architect and archaeologist. He worked with Andre Godard in Iran for many years. The design of the Tomb of Hafez The Tomb of Hafez (Persian: آرامگاه حافظ), commonly known as Hāfezieh (), are two memorial structures erected in the northern edge of Shiraz, Iran, in memory of the celebrated Persian poet Hafez. The open pavilion structures are situ ... has been attributed to him, among other works. The design of Iran's National Museum is also attributed to him and fellow Frenchman Andre Godard.Sandy Isenstadt, Kishwar Rizvi. ''Modernism and the Middle East: Architecture and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Studies in Modernity and National Identity''. University of Washington Press, 2011. pp.14 References 1907 births 1975 deaths 20th-century French architects French archaeologists French Iranologists French curators French expatriates in Iran Architecture in Iran École des Beaux-Arts a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Godard
André Godard (21 January 1881 – 31 July 1965) was an archaeologist, architect and historian of French and Middle Eastern Art. He served as the director of the Iranian Archeological Service for many years. Life Godard was born in Chaumont. A graduate of the École des Beaux-Arts of Paris, he studied Middle Eastern archaeology, particularly that of Iran, and later became known for designing the National Museum of Iran, where he was appointed inaugural director in 1936. He was also instrumental in the design of Tehran University campus. He made his first trip to the Middle East in 1910 with Henri Violle. Together, they began to excavate the ancient ruins of Samarra, located in modern-day Iraq. The ruins were fully excavated a few years later by German-born archaeologist Ernst Herzfeld. Godard returned to his architectural studies in 1912, focusing on Islamic architecture of Egypt. After World War I, Godard married Yeda Reuilly. The Delegation of French Archaeology in Afghani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reza Shah
Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), minister of war and Prime Minister of Iran, prime minister), and first shah of the Pahlavi dynasty, House of Pahlavi of the Pahlavi Iran, Imperial State of Iran and father of the Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, last shah of Iran. He reigned from 15 December 1925 until he was forced to abdication, abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on 16 September 1941. Reza Shah introduced many social, economic, and political reforms during his reign, ultimately laying the foundation of the modern Iranian state. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of modern Iran. At the age of 14 he joined the Persian Cossack Brigade, Iranian Cossack Brigade, and also served in the army. In 1911, he was promoted to first lieutenant, by 1912 he was elevated to the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali-Asghar Hekmat
Hekmat-e Shirazi حکمت شیرازی or Mirza Ali-Asghar Khan Hekmat-e Shirazi (16 June 1892 – 25 August 1980) was an Iranian politician, diplomat and author who served as the Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Justice, and Minister of Culture under the government of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shahs of Iran. Hekmat was an Iranian ambassador to India and wrote multiple books about Indian history and culture. After the Islamic revolution in Iran, his books and works were ignored and he was labelled as a Freemason, but one of his books, ''Persian Inscriptions on Indian Monuments'', was recently reprinted and introduced to Iranians. Text was copied from this source, which is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License/ref> See also * History of Iran * History of India * Academy of Persian Language and Literature * List of English words of Persian origin * ArchNet, MIT/UT Austin's archive of Iranian architectural docume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehdi Bayani
Mehdi Bayani ( fa, مهدی بیانی; 1906 – February 6, 1968) was the founder and the first head of the National Library of Iran, specialist in Persian manuscripts and calligraphy, writer, researcher, and professor at the University of Tehran. Life and careers Mehdi Bayani was born in 1906 in Hamedan, Iran. His father, ''"Mirza Mohammad Khan Mostofi Farahani"'', was from the succession of teachers and accountant of Farahan and his maternal ancestor was ''"Mirza Soleimaan Bayan ol-Saltaneh Farahani"'', the head of the royal exchequer and the author of ''"the treatise on the rules of clerking and accounting"''. At the age of two, his father died and his mother came to Tehran with him and other children. He studied elementary and calligraphy in the primary schools of ''"Aqdasiyeh"'' and ''"Ashraf"''. He spent his high school years at the Dar ul-Funun then entered the ''"Teachers High College"'' (now Kharazmi University) for a bachelor's degree in literary an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozaffar Ad-Din Shah Qajar
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar ( fa, مظفرالدین شاه قاجار, Mozaffar ad-Din Ŝāh-e Qājār; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907), was the fifth shah of Qajar Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907. He is often credited with the creation of the Persian Constitution of 1906, which he approved of as one of his final actions as Shah. Biography The son of the Qajar ruler Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Mozaffar al-Din was named crown prince and sent as governor to the northern province of Azerbaijan in 1861. He spent his 35 years as crown prince in the pursuit of pleasure; his relations with his father were frequently strained, and he was not consulted in important matters of state. Thus, when he ascended the throne in May 1896, he was unprepared for the burdens of office. At Mozaffar al-Din's accession Persia faced a financial crisis, with annual governmental expenditures far in excess of revenues as a result of the policies of his father. During his reign, Mozzafar ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
