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National Archaeological Museum, Athens
The National Archaeological Museum () in Athens houses some of the most important artifacts from a variety of archaeological locations around Greece from prehistory to late antiquity. It is considered one of the greatest museums in the world and contains the richest collection of Greek Antiquity artifacts worldwide. It is situated in the Exarcheia area in central Athens between Epirus Street, Bouboulinas Street and Tositsas Street while its entrance is on the Patission Street adjacent to the historical building of the Athens Polytechnic university. History The first national archaeological museum in Greece was established by the governor of Greece Ioannis Kapodistrias in Aigina in 1829. Subsequently, the archaeological collection was relocated to a number of exhibition places until 1858, when an international architectural competition was announced for the location and the architectural design of the new museum.The National Archaeological Museum (2000) Euangelia Kypraiou Arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Façade
A façade or facade (; ) is generally the front part or exterior of a building. It is a loanword from the French language, French (), which means "frontage" or "face". In architecture, the façade of a building is often the most important aspect from a design standpoint, as it sets the tone for the rest of the building. From the engineering perspective, the façade is also of great importance due to its impact on Efficient energy use, energy efficiency. For historical façades, many local zoning regulations or other laws greatly restrict or even forbid their alteration. Etymology The word is a loanword from the French , which in turn comes from the Italian language, Italian , from meaning 'face', ultimately from post-classical Latin . The earliest usage recorded by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' is 1656. Façades added to earlier buildings It was quite common in the Georgian architecture, Georgian period for existing houses in English towns to be given a fashionable new f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleni Tositsa
Eleni Tositsa (1796 – 1 April 1866; ) was a major benefactor to cultural and educational establishments in Greece, including the National Archaeological Museum and the National Technical University of Athens. Eleni Tositsa was born in Metsovo, Epirus, in 1796. She married Michael Tositsas in 1818 and moved with him first to Alexandria in 1820 and then to Athens in 1854. During the Greek revolution, she organised the buying and freeing of enslaved Greeks from Egyptian slave markets. After her husband's death in 1855, she inherited most of his property, which he instructed in his will should be used to benefit the Greek state. Tositsa donated large sums of this money to various schools, including funding a new building for the Educational Society's girls' school (known as the Tositseion), and founding a girls' school in her hometown of Metsovo, and to Queen Amalia's Orphanage. On 14 May 1860, she donated a plot of land to the Hellenic State to provide a site for the National Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Lange (architect)
Ludwig Lange (22 March 1808– 31 March 1868) was a German architect and landscape designer. Life He was the son of a court official and began his training as an architect in 1823 under church designer Georg August Lerch. From 1826 to 1830, he attended the University of Gießen where he studied with Georg Moller. His studies continued in Munich, where he was a pupil of the landscape painter Carl Rottmann, with whom he undertook a study trip to Greece in 1834. In 1835, he was appointed to be a drawing teacher at the New Royal High School in Athens and, on 15 May, became a building inspector for King Otto I. He returned to Germany in 1838 and travelled extensively there. In 1847, he was appointed to succeed August von Voit as Professor of Architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich. He is best known for a large series of lithographs (produced in conjunction with his brothers Georg, Gustav and Julius) depicting examples of Gothic architecture in the Rhine Valley; and ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classicism
Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for a classical period, classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. In its purest form, classicism is an aesthetic attitude dependent on principles based in the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, Rome, with the emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion, clarity of structure, perfection and restrained emotion, as well as explicit appeal to the intellect. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained: of the ''Discobolus'' Sir Kenneth Clark observed, "if we object to his restraint and compression we are simply objecting to the classicism of classic art. A violent emphasis or a sudden acceleration of rhythmic movement would have destroyed those qualities of balance and completeness through which it retained until the present century its position of authority in the restricted repertoire of visual images. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoclassical Architecture
Neoclassical architecture, sometimes referred to as Classical Revival architecture, is an architectural style produced by the Neoclassicism, Neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century in Italy, France and Germany. It became one of the most prominent architectural styles in the Western world. The prevailing styles of architecture in most of Europe for the previous two centuries, Renaissance architecture and Baroque architecture, already represented partial revivals of the Classical architecture of Roman architecture, ancient Rome and ancient Greek architecture, but the Neoclassical movement aimed to strip away the excesses of Late Baroque and return to a purer, more complete, and more authentic classical style, adapted to modern purposes. The development of archaeology and published accurate records of surviving classical buildings was crucial in the emergence of Neoclassical architecture. In many countries, there was an initial wave essentially drawing on Roman archi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patroklos Karantinos
Patroklos Karantinos (; 10 April 1903 – 4 December 1976) was a Greek architect of early modernism in Greece. He was born in Constantinople and died in Athens. Karantinos studied architecture in Athens and then went to France, where he studied with Auguste Perret. He was professor of architecture at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki from 1959 to 1968. He is particularly known for the design of many museums in Greece, including the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XIV Olympiad and officially branded as London 1948, were an international multi-sport event held from 29 July to 14 August 1948 in London, United Kingdom. Following a twelve-year hiatus cau .... See also * List of museums in Greece References 1903 births 1976 deaths National Technical University of Athens alumni Academic staff of the Ari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epigraphic
Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers. Specifically excluded from epigraphy are the historical significance of an epigraph as a document and the artistic value of a literary composition. A person using the methods of epigraphy is called an ''epigrapher'' or ''epigraphist''. For example, the Behistun inscription is an official document of the Achaemenid Empire engraved on native rock at a location in Iran. Epigraphists are responsible for reconstructing, translating, and dating the trilingual inscription and finding any relevant circumstances. It is the work of historians, however, to determine and interpret the events recorded by the inscription as document. Often, epigraphy and history are competences practised by the same person. Epigraphy is a primary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semni Karouzou
Semni Papaspyridi-Karouzou (; 1897 8 December 1994) was a Greek classical archaeologist who specialized in the study of pottery from ancient Greece. She was the first woman to join the Greek Archaeological Service; she excavated in Crete, Euboea, Thessaly, and the Argolid, and worked as curator of ceramic collections at the National Archaeological Museum in Athens for over thirty years. She experienced political persecution under the Greek military junta of 1967–1974. She has been described by the archaeologists Marianna Nikolaidou and Dimitra Kokkinidou as "perhaps the most important woman in Greek archaeology", and by the newspaper ''To Vima'' as "the last representative of the generation of great archaeologists".Marianna Nikolaidou & Dimitra Kokkinidou (1998), 'Greek women in archaeology: an untold story', in Margarita Díaz-Andreu & Marie Louise Stig Sorensen (eds), ''Excavating Women: A History of Women in European Archaeology'' (London/New York: Routledge), pp.235-26 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christos Karouzos
Christos Karouzos (Greek: Χρήστος Καρούζος; 14 March 1900 – 30 March 1967) was a Greek archaeologist. Born in Amfissa, he was educated at the University of Athens, where he was taught by Christos Tsountas. He joined the Greek Archaeological Service in 1919, where he developed a reputation as an innovator and a moderniser, working to promote the use of the everyday Demotic dialect of Greek against the state-imposed dominance of the artificial, literary Katharevousa dialect. His early postings included work in the museums of Thebes and Volos, and at the Acropolis Museum in Athens. Karouzos travelled to Germany on a Humboldt Scholarship in 1928, and married his former university classmate, Semni Papaspyridi, in 1930. The two frequently collaborated in archaeological and museum work. During the Second World War, he worked to conceal Greek antiquities from Axis forces and resigned his membership of the German Archaeological Institute at Athens in protest of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valerios Stais
Valerios Stais (; Kythira, 1857 – Athens, 1923) was a Greek archaeologist. Biography He initially studied medicine but later switched to archaeology obtaining his Doctorate from the University of Halle (Saale) in 1885. He worked for the National Archaeological Museum of Athens from 1887, eventually becoming Director of the Museum, a post he held until his death. During that period he organized or participated in excavations in Epidaurus, Argolis, Attica, Dimini, Antikythera and elsewhere. He wrote a lot on archaeological matters, published several papers, mainly in ''Archeologiki Efimeris'' (''Αρχαιολογική Εφημερίς'' "Archaeological Newspaper"), and many books. Valerios Stais also became the first to study the Antikythera mechanism The Antikythera mechanism ( , ) is an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek hand-powered orrery (model of the Solar System). It is the oldest known example of an Analog computer, analogue computer. It could be used to predict astr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charilaos Trikoupis
Charilaos Trikoupis (; 11 July 1832 – 30 March 1896) was a Greek politician who served as a Prime Minister of Greece seven times from 1875 until 1895. He is best remembered for introducing the vote of confidence in the Greek constitution, proposing and funding such ambitious and modern projects as the construction of the Corinth Canal, but also eventually leading the country to bankruptcy. Nowadays, considered the founder of modern Greece. Background Born in Nauplion in 1832, with family ties to Messolonghi, he was the son of Spiridon Trikoupis, a politician who was Prime Minister of Greece briefly in 1833, and Ekaterini Mavrokordatou, sister of Alexandros Mavrokordatos, who also served as a Prime Minister. After studying law and literature in University of Athens and in Paris, where he obtained his doctorate, he was sent to London in 1852 as an attaché of the Greek legation. By 1863, he had risen to be ''chargé d'affaires'', but he aimed rather at a political not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
