|
Mycosphaerella
''Mycosphaerella'' is a genus of ascomycota. With more than 10,000 species, it is the largest genus of plant pathogen fungi. The following introduction about the fungal genus ''Mycosphaerella'' is copied (with permission) from the dissertation of W. Quaedvlieg (named: Re-evaluating ''Mycosphaerella'' and allied genera). Species belonging to the fungal genus ''Mycosphaerella'' (1884) (''Capnodiales'', ''Dothideomycetes'') have evolved as endophytes, saprotrophs and symbionts, but mostly ''Mycosphaerella'' species are foliicolous plant pathogens which are the cause of significant economical losses in both temperate and tropical crops worldwide. The generic concept of Mycosphaerella is based on the type species of the genus, ''M. punctiformis'', which was introduced \130 years ago in order to describe small loculoascomycetes with few distinct morphological traits. Species belonging to ''Mycosphaerella'' were characterised as having pseudothecial ascomata that can be immersed or su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Graminicola
''Zymoseptoria tritici'', synonyms ''Septoria tritici'', ''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', is a species of filamentous fungus, an ascomycete in the family ''Mycosphaerellaceae''. It is a wheat plant pathogen causing septoria leaf blotch that is difficult to control due to resistance to multiple fungicides. The pathogen today causes one of the most important diseases of wheat. In 2011, Quaedvlieg et al. introduced a new combination for this species: ''Zymoseptoria tritici'' (Desm.) Quaedvlieg & Crous, 2011, as they found that the type strains of both the genus ''Mycosphaerella'' (linked to the anamorph genus ''Ramularia'') and the genus ''Septoria'' (linked to the genus ''Septoria'', an extensive clade of very distinct septoria-like species within the ''Mycosphaerellaceae'') clustered separately from the clade containing both ''Zymoseptoria tritici'' and ''Z. passerinii''. Since 2011, a total of eight ''Zymoseptoria'' species have been described within the genus ''Zymoseptoria'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Brassicicola
''Mycosphaerella brassicicola'' is a plant pathogen. The pathogen is the teleomorph phase of an ascomycete fungus, which causes the ring spot disease of brassicas. The supplementary anamorph phase ''Asteromella brassicae'' produces conidia through its asexual reproduction, however these spores are not confirmed to cause disease in host plants. Hosts ''Mycosphaerella brassicicola'' is common among a variety of crops within the genus ''Brassica'' and has been historically noted on Brussels sprouts, winter cauliflower, and cabbage. '' ''Alternative species of the ''Mycosphaerella'' are thought to have a more restricted host range, though there is not yet concrete evidence to support this conclusion. Disease cycle The fungus produces ascospores through its sexual reproductive stage which infect host plants by entering the plant through the stomata. The infection begins through the spores germinating penetration pegs and germ tubes. Around three weeks following infection small bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Angulata
''Mycosphaerella angulata'' is a fungal A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ... plant pathogen infecting muscadine grapes. This pathogen causes the common disease angular leaf spot. ''Mycosphaerella angulate'' is a ascomycete in the fungi kingdom. Host and symptoms ''Mycosphaerella angulata'' is a major pathogen affecting the muscadine grape. Infection occurs mainly after midseason. The primary symptoms of this disease are faint chlorotic spots on the leaves. The chlorotic spots continue to grow in size during the growing season, forming angular brown lesions in the center. The irregular lesions on the leaves inhibit normal photosynthesis, which results in leaf loss and exposure of the grapes to sun scald. This weakens the vines and makes them more susceptible to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Fragariae
Common spot of strawberry is one of the most common and widespread diseases afflicting the strawberry The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; ''Fragaria × ananassa'') is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus '' Fragaria'', collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. The fruit is widely ap .... Common spot of strawberry is caused by the fungus ''Mycosphaerella fragariae'' (imperfect stage is ''Ramularia tulasnei''). Symptoms of this disease first appear as circular, dark purple spots on the leaf surface. ''Mycosphaerella fragariae'' is very host-specific and only infects strawberry. Hosts and symptoms This disease affects strawberry plant foliage causing purple spots ⅛ to ¼ inches across on the upper side of the leaves. At first, the whole spot is purple but as the disease matures the center of the leaf spots on older leaves become tan or gray, then almost white. Lesions on younger leaves remain light brown. When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Musicola
''Mycosphaerella musicola'' is a fungal plant pathogen, which is the causal agent of Yellow Sigatoka leaf spot disease on banana plants. Characteristics Sigatoka leaf spot disease (SD) is a disease of bananas and is caused by the ascomycetous fungus, ''Mycosphaerella musicola''. This pathogen can be distinguished morphologically from '' Mycosphaerella fijiensis'', which causes black leaf streak disease (BLSD), by the characteristics of the conidia and conidiophore. The anamorph of ''M. musicola'', '' Pseudocercospora musae'', lacks the thickened cell walls that are present at the base of the conidia of ''Paracercospora fijien'', the anamorph of ''M. fijiensis'', and are shorter and less wavy. The conidiophores of ''P. musae'' are bottle-shaped and much smaller than the elongated conidiophores of ''P. fijiensis'' which are often bent and bear conspicuous conidial scars. The two species can also be differentiated by molecular methods. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Arachidis
''Mycosphaerella arachidis'' is a fungal A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ... plant pathogen. See also * List of ''Mycosphaerella'' species. Mycosphaerella arachidis is the seldom found teleomorph stage of Cercospora arachidicola affecting peanuts. References arachidis Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Fungi described in 1938 {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Eumusae
''Mycosphaerella eumusae'' is a fungal disease of banana (''Musa'' spp.), causing Eumusae leaf spot. Its symptoms are similar to black leaf streak (Black Sigatoka, ). ''M. eumusae'' is the predominant ''Mycospharella'' of banana in mainland Malaysia and in Thailand, and is present in Mauritius and Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o .... Septoria eumusae is an anamorph of ''Mycosphaerella eumusae''. References See also * List of ''Mycosphaerella'' species eumusae Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Fungi described in 2000 {{Capnodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Berkeleyi
''Mycosphaerella berkeleyi'' is a fungal plant pathogen. It is the causal agent of the peanut The peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), also known as the groundnut, goober (US), pindar (US) or monkey nut (UK), is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds. It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, important to both small and ... foliar disease Late Leaf Spot. Hosts and symptoms Hosts that suffer from late leaf spot include groundnut species belonging to the genus ''Arachis hypogaea'', and peanuts. Late leaf spot of peanut that produces sexual spores is referred to as ''Mycosphaerella berkeleyi,'' whereas the asexual spore is referred to as ''Cercosporidium personatum''. Late leaf spot of peanut symptoms usually appear between 30–50 days following planting. Symptoms include dark brown to black pin-point spots on the upper and under side of the leaf surface. This contrasts the fewer, lighter brown spots that early leaf spot of peanut presents. Late leaf spot of pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Coffeicola
''Mycosphaerella coffeicola'' is a sexually reproducing fungal plant pathogen. It is most commonly referred to as the asexual organism ''Cercospora coffeicola''. Host and symptoms There are 40 species in the genus ''Coffea'' (family Rubiaceae) that are susceptible to the disease caused by ''M. coffeicola'', but only a few that are commercially relevant. Arabica coffee ('' Coffea arabica'' L.) is the most significant of the susceptible species, affecting 70% of the world's coffee production. ''Coffea arabica'' ranges in growth habit from a shrub to a small tree and has ovate, shiny, pointed leaves, with clustered white flowers. The fruits begin as green berries which ripen to a deep red color. These are often called the coffee "cherries". Each fruit contains two seeds (i.e. coffee beans) in a drupe. Symptoms of ''M. coffeicola'' vary depending on the plant organ affected. These differing symptoms help explain the various common names for the disease: ''Cercospora'' "Lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Punctiformis
''Mycosphaerella punctiformis'' is a fungal plant pathogen. In Iceland it is common on the dead leaves of ''Betula pubescens'' and ''Salix lanata ''Salix lanata'', the woolly willow, is a subarctic species of willow native to Iceland, the Faeroe Islands and Finland, through to eastern Siberia. In Scotland it can be found in only a few localities of Perthshire, Angus and Aberdeenshire, gene ...''. See also * List of ''Mycosphaerella'' species References Fungal plant pathogens and diseases punctiformis Fungi described in 1794 Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Cruenta
''Mycosphaerella cruenta'', also called ''Pseudocercosopora cruenta'' in its asexual stage, is a fungal plant pathogen belonging to the group Ascomycota. It can affect several legume plants, including species of ''Phaseolus, Vigna, Calopogonium, Lablab niger, Mucuna'' and ''Stizolobium deeringianum ucuna pruriens.html" ;"title="">[2/nowiki>">">[2/nowiki> It causes cowpea cercospora leaf spot, one of the most widespread and significant plant diseases in Africa and Asia. A city in China reported a 100% ''Mycosphaerella cruenta'' infection rate on cowpea in 2014[5]. In Africa, an epidemic can cause a yield loss of up to 40% Symptoms and signs Cercospora leaf spots of cowpea begin as small, lighter coloured areas, almost yellow. Later they become bronze to dark grey, roughly circular to more elongated and up to 10 mm across There will be chlorotic spots on upper surfaces of leaves, masses of spores on lesions which resemble black mats on lower leaf surface, and necrotic spots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycosphaerella Bolleana
''Mycosphaerella bolleana'' is a fungal A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ... plant pathogen. See also * List of ''Mycosphaerella'' species References External links New Zealand Fungi: ''Mycosphaerella bolleana'' bolleana Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Fungi described in 1920 {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
