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Mycobacteroides
''Mycobacteroides'' is a genus of Gram-Positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family ''Mycobacteriaceae'' from the order Mycobacteriales. Members of ''Mycobacteroides'' were demarcated from the larger genus ''Mycobacterium'' in 2018 by Gupta et al. based on evidence from various phylogenetic trees constructed based on conserved genome sequences, comparative genomic analyses and average amino acid identity values. In addition to this genus, the study proposed the division of ''Mycobacterium'' into a total of five distinct genera, which was met with some resistance by some of the scientific community. The resistance was based on the grounds that ''Mycobacterium'' contains some clinically relevant species and name changes might cause confusion among clinicians and other researchers. In 2020, Yamada et al. analyzed the fundamental morphological properties of the new genera, including the cell diameter, cell length, cell perimeter, cell circularity and aspect ratio, and determined that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Abscessus
''Mycobacteroides abscessus'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium abscessus'') is a species of rapidly growing, multidrug-resistant, nontuberculous mycobacteria that is a common soil and water contaminant. Although ''M. abscessus'' most commonly causes chronic lung infection and skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), it can also cause infection in almost all human organs, mostly in patients with suppressed immune systems. Amongst NTM species responsible for disease, infection caused by ''M. abscessus'' complex are more difficult to treat due to antimicrobial drug resistance. Description ''Mycobacteroides abscessus'' cells are Gram-positive, nonmotile, acid-fast rods about 1.0–2.5 µm long by 0.5 µm wide. They may form colonies on Löwenstein–Jensen medium that appear smooth or rough, white or greyish, and nonphotochromogenic. Etymology ''Abscessus'' is named for abscesses. It is a Latin word derived from ("away") + ("to go") because it was the ancient medical notio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Chelonae
''Mycobacteroides chelonae'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium chelonae'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus '' Mycobacteroides''. ''Mycobacteroides chelonae'' is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is found all throughout the environment, including sewage and tap water. It can occasionally cause opportunistic infections of humans. It is grouped in Runyon group IV. The complete genome sequence of the ''M. chelonae'' CCUG 47445 type strain was deposited and published in DNA Data Bank of Japan, European Nucleotide Archive, and GenBank The GenBank sequence database is an open access, annotated collection of all publicly available nucleotide sequences and their protein translations. It is produced and maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI; a part ... in 2016 under the accession numbeCP007220 Epidemiology On average, two cases of nonpulmonary ''M. chelonae'' infection are reported in South Australia each year. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Immunogenum
''Mycobacteroides immunogenum'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium immunogenum'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota, belonging to the genus ''Mycobacteroides''. These non- tuberculous mycobacteria are sometimes found in fouling water-based cutting fluids, often causing hypersensitivity pneumonitis to the machinists in the affected grinding plants. The complete genome sequence of ''Mycobacteroides immunogenum'' CCUG 47286T was deposited and published in DNA Data Bank of Japan, European Nucleotide Archive, and GenBank The GenBank sequence database is an open access, annotated collection of all publicly available nucleotide sequences and their protein translations. It is produced and maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI; a part ... in 2016 under the accession numbeCP011530 References External linksType strain of ''Mycobacteroides immunogenum'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Acid-fast bacilli immunogenu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Franklinii
''Mycobacteroides franklinii'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium franklinii'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus ''Mycobacteroides''. Most of the original strains were isolated from clinical specimens in Pennsylvania, but some have been found in conduit water in the Netherlands. In general, human ''M. franklinii'' infections present with symptoms similar to an infection with ''Mycobacteroides abscessus'', but it can also be associated with tattoo infections. ''M. franklinii'' is also associated with outbreaks of mycobacteriosis in farmed fish. ''M. fanklinii'' is susceptible to cefoxitin and bedaquiline Bedaquiline, sold under the brand name Sirturo, is a medication used to treat active tuberculosis. Specifically, it is used to treat multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) along with other medications for tuberculosis. It is used by mouth. .... References Acid-fast bacilli franklinii Bacteria described in 2015 {{Mycobac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacterium
''Mycobacterium'' is a genus of over 190 species in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis ('' M. tuberculosis'') and leprosy ('' M. leprae'') in humans. The Greek prefix ''myco-'' means 'fungus', alluding to this genus' mold-like colony surfaces. Since this genus has cell walls with Gram-positive and Gram-negative features, acid-fast staining is used to emphasize their resistance to acids, compared to other cell types. Metabolism and Morphology Mycobacteria are aerobic with 0.2-0.6 µm wide and 1.0-10 µm long rod shapes. They are generally non-motile, except for the species ''Mycobacterium marinum'', which has been shown to be motile within macrophages. Mycobacteria possess capsules and most do not form endospores. ''M. marinum'' and perhaps ''M. bovis'' have been shown to sporulate; however, this has been contested by further research. The disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteria
''Mycobacterium'' is a genus of over 190 species in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis ('' M. tuberculosis'') and leprosy ('' M. leprae'') in humans. The Greek prefix ''myco-'' means 'fungus', alluding to this genus' mold-like colony surfaces. Since this genus has cell walls with Gram-positive and Gram-negative features, acid-fast staining is used to emphasize their resistance to acids, compared to other cell types. Metabolism and Morphology Mycobacteria are aerobic with 0.2-0.6 µm wide and 1.0-10 µm long rod shapes. They are generally non-motile, except for the species ''Mycobacterium marinum'', which has been shown to be motile within macrophages. Mycobacteria possess capsules and most do not form endospores. ''M. marinum'' and perhaps ''M. bovis'' have been shown to sporulate; however, this has been contested by further research. The disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Saopaulense
''Mycobacteroides saopaulense'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium saopaulense'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus ''Mycobacteroides'' that was first isolated from a human patient undergoing LASIK surgery. It has also been isolated from turtles and cows. A strain isolated from mangroves has been demonstrated to produce clavulanic acid and streptomycin. The genome of ''M. saopaulense'' contains a tRNA array that contains a long non-coding RNA called GOLDD. ''M. saopaulense'' is susceptible to amikacin, kanamycin, and clarithromycin Clarithromycin, sold under the brand name Biaxin among others, is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. This includes strep throat, pneumonia, skin infections, ''H. pylori'' infection, and Lyme disease, among others. Clarith .... References Acid-fast bacilli saopaulense Bacteria described in 2015 {{Mycobacterium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobacteroides Salmoniphilum
''Mycobacteroides salmoniphilum'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium salmoniphilum'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus ''Mycobacteroides''. It was first identified as the causative agent of mycobacteriosis in chinook salmon and steelhead trout, but has since been found to cause disease in Atlantic cod, Atlantic salmon, burbot, coho salmon, freshwater ornamental fish, and Russian sturgeon. It has also been isolated from tap water. It is not known to infect humans. ''M. salmoniphilum'' is susceptible to amikacin Amikacin is an antibiotic medication used for a number of bacterial infections. This includes joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. It is also used for the treatment of multi .... References Acid-fast bacilli salmoniphilum Bacteria described in 1960 {{Mycobacterium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uracil Phosphoribosyltransferase
Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase is an enzyme which creates UMP from uracil Uracil () (symbol U or Ura) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid RNA. The others are adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). In RNA, uracil binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds. In DNA, the uracil nucleobase is replaced b ... and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate. This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation. References External links * * EC 2.4.2 {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outgroup (cladistics)
In cladistics or phylogenetics, an outgroup is a more distantly related group of organisms that serves as a reference group when determining the evolutionary relationships of the ingroup, the set of organisms under study, and is distinct from sociological outgroups. The outgroup is used as a point of comparison for the ingroup and specifically allows for the phylogeny to be rooted. Because the polarity (direction) of character change can be determined only on a rooted phylogeny, the choice of outgroup is essential for understanding the evolution of traits along a phylogeny. History Although the concept of outgroups has been in use from the earliest days of cladistics, the term "outgroup" is thought to have been coined in the early 1970s at the American Museum of Natural History. Prior to the advent of the term, various other terms were used by evolutionary biologists, including "exgroup", "related group", and "outside groups". Choice of outgroup The chosen outgroup is hypothes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycolicibacterium
''Mycolicibacterium'' is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family ''Mycobacteriaceae'' from the order Mycobacteriales. Members of ''Mycolicibacterium'' were demarcated from the larger genus ''Mycobacterium'' in 2018 by Gupta et al. based on evidence from various phylogenetic trees constructed based on conserved genome sequences, comparative genomic analyses and average amino acid identity values. In addition to this genus, the study proposed the division of Mycobacterium into a total of five distinct genera, which was met with some resistance by some of the scientific community. The resistance was based on the grounds that Mycobacterium contains some clinically relevant species and name changes might cause confusion among clinicians and other researchers. In 2020, Yamada et al. analyzed the fundamental morphological properties of the new genera, including the cell diameter, cell length, cell perimeter, cell circularity and aspect ratio, and determined that ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine Diphosphokinase
In enzymology, a 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine diphosphokinase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :ATP + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine \rightleftharpoons AMP + (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine, whereas its two products are AMP and (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring two phosphorus-containing groups ( diphosphotransferases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine 6'-diphosphotransferase. Other names in common use include 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase, H2-pteridine-CH2OH pyrophosphokinase, 7,8-dihydroxymethylpterin-pyrophosphokinase, HPPK, 7,8-dihydro-6-hydroxymethylpte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
