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Monogynaspida
Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includes parasitic as well as free-living and predatory forms. They can be recognized by the single pair of spiracles positioned laterally on the body. The family with the most described species is Phytoseiidae. Other families of note are Diplogyniidae, Macrochelidae, Pachylaelapidae, Uropodidae and Veigaiidae. Amongst the best known species are ''Varroa destructor'', an economically important parasite of honey bees, as well as the red mite (''Dermanyssus gallinae'') a parasite of poultry, most commonly chickens. Description Mesostigmata are mites ranging from 0.12-4 mm long (0.2-4 mm according to another source). They have a pair of stigmatal openings above legs III-IV usually associated with a peritrematal groove. The gnathosoma has a sclerotised ring around the bases of the chelicerae (basis capitulu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evidence of a close relationship. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others again are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive '' Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two distinct groups o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varroa Destructor
''Varroa destructor'', the ''Varroa'' mite is an external parasitic mite that attacks and feeds on the honey bees '' Apis cerana'' and ''Apis mellifera''. The disease caused by the mites is called varroosis. The ''Varroa'' mite can reproduce only in a honey bee colony. It attaches to the body of the bee and weakens the bee by sucking fat bodies. The species is a vector for at least five debilitating bee viruses, including RNA viruses such as the deformed wing virus (DWV). A significant mite infestation leads to the death of a honey bee colony, usually in the late autumn through early spring. The ''Varroa'' mite is the parasite with possibly the most pronounced economic impact on the beekeeping industry. ''Varroa'' is considered to be one of multiple stress factors contributing to the higher levels of bee losses around the world. Physical description File:Varroa destructor protonymph (5048063601).jpg, ''V. destructor'' protonymph File:Varroa destructor deutonymph.jpg, Deutonym ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnathosoma
The gnathosoma (from Greek , ' = "jaw" and , ' = "body") is the part of the body of the Acari ( mites and ticks) comprising the mouth and feeding parts. These are the hypostome, the chelicerae and the pedipalps. It is also called the capitulum (however, this word also has other meanings). It is separated from the main body of the animal (the idiosoma) by a flexible section of the cuticle called the circumcapitular furrow or circumcapitular suture. See also * Subcapitulum The subcapitulum (from Latin ''sub'', "under", and ''capitulum'', "small head"), also known as infracapitulum, hypognathum or hipognatum, refers to the ventral part of the gnathosoma (the part of the body comprising the mouth and feeding parts) or ... References Arachnid anatomy Acari {{Acari-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhodacarellus
''Rhodacarellus'' is a genus of mites in the family Rhodacaridae Rhodacaridae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includes .... There are at least 20 described species in ''Rhodacarellus''. Species These 21 species belong to the genus ''Rhodacarellus'': * '' Rhodacarellus apophyseus'' Karg, 1971 * '' Rhodacarellus arcanus'' (Athias-Henriot, 1961) * '' Rhodacarellus citri'' Fouly, 1992 * '' Rhodacarellus corniculatus'' Willmann, 1935 * '' Rhodacarellus epigynialis'' Sheals, 1956 * '' Rhodacarellus francescae'' Athias-Henriot, 1961 * '' Rhodacarellus iraniensis'' Castilho, Jalaeian & de Moraes, 2012 * '' Rhodacarellus kreuzi'' Karg, 1965 * '' Rhodacarellus liuzhiyingi'' Ma, 1995 * '' Rhodacarellus maxidactylus'' Karg, 2000 * '' Rhodacarellus moneli'' Solomon, 1978 * '' Rhodacarellus montanus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digamasellidae
Digamasellidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Genera These 11 genera belong to the family Digamasellidae: * ''Dendrolaelaps ''Dendrolaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Digamasellidae. There are more than 170 described species in ''Dendrolaelaps''. See also * List of Dendrolaelaps species References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5256757 Mesostigmata ...'' Halbert, 1915 * '' Dendrolaelaspis'' Lindquist, 1975 * '' Dendroseius'' Karg, 1965 * '' Digamasellus'' Berlese, 1905 * '' Insectolaelaps'' Shcherbak, 1980 * '' Longoseius'' Chant, 1961 * '' Multidendrolaelaps'' Hirschmann, 1974 * '' Oligodentatus'' Shcherbak, 1980 * '' Orientolaelaps'' Bregetova & Shcherbak, 1977 * '' Panteniphis'' Willmann, 1949 * '' Pontiolaelaps'' Luxton, 1989 Uncertain placement These species are considered ''incertae sedis'' within Digamasellidae: * '' Asca muricata'' Fox, 1947 * '' Cyrtolaelaps armatus'' Berlese, 1904 * '' Digamasellus arcuatus'' Willmann, 1939 * '' Digamasellus gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrolaelaps
''Dendrolaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Digamasellidae. There are more than 170 described species in ''Dendrolaelaps''. See also * List of Dendrolaelaps species These 179 species belong to ''Dendrolaelaps'', a genus of mites in the family Digamasellidae. ''Dendrolaelaps'' species * ''Dendrolaelaps aberratus'' Hirschmann & Wisniewski, 1984 * ''Dendrolaelaps abietis'' Hirschmann, 1960 * ''Dendrolaelaps aco ... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5256757 Mesostigmata ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veigaia
''Veigaia'' is a genus of mite Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear e ...s in the family Veigaiidae.Hallan, Joel, edVeigaiidae Species Listing. Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University. Retrieved on August 27, 2010. Species * '' Veigaia agilis'' (Berlese, 1916) * ''Veigaia anmashanensis'' Tseng, 1994 * ''Veigaia ashizuriensis'' Ishikawa, 1978 * ''Veigaia belovae'' Davydova, 1979 * ''Veigaia benoiti'' Loots, 1980 * ''Veigaia bogdanovi'' Davydova, 1978 * ''Veigaia bregetovae'' Petrova & Makarova, 1989 * ''Veigaia capreolus'' (Berlese, 1905) * '' Veigaia carpillaris'' Tseng, 1994 * '' Veigaia cerva'' (Kramer, 1876) * ''Veigaia clavata'' Ma-Liming & Wang-Shenron, 1998 * ''Veigaia cuneata'' Ma, 1996 * '' Veigaia exigua'' (Berlese, 1916) * '' Veigaia formosana'' Tseng, 1994 * ''Vei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humus
In classical soil science, humus is the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter. It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil. Humus is the Latin word for "earth" or "ground". In agriculture, "humus" sometimes also is used to describe mature or natural compost extracted from a woodland or other spontaneous source for use as a soil conditioner. It is also used to describe a topsoil horizon that contains organic matter (''humus type'', ''humus form'', or ''humus profile''). Humus has many nutrients that improve the health of soil, nitrogen being the most important. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C:N) of humus commonly ranges between eight and fifteen with the median being about twelve. It also significantly affects the bulk density of soil. Humus is amorphous and lacks the "cellular cake structure characteristic of plants, micro-organisms or animals". Description The primar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that have fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Characteristics and variability Litterfall is characterized as fresh, undecomposed, and easily recognizable (by species and type) plant debris. This can be anything from leaves, cones, needles, twigs, bark, seeds/nuts, logs, or reproductive organs (e.g. the stamen of flowering plants). Items larger than 2 cm diameter are referred to as coarse litter, while anything smaller is referred to as fine litter or litter. The type of litterfall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nematode
The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant- parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments. Less formally, they are categorized as Helminths, but are taxonomically classified along with arthropods, tardigrades and other moulting animals in the clade Ecdysozoa, and unlike flatworms, have tubular digestive systems with openings at both ends. Like tardigrades, they have a reduced number of Hox genes, but their sister phylum Nematomorpha has kept the ancestral protostome Hox genotype, which shows that the reduction has occurred within the nematode phylum. Nematode species can be difficult to distinguish from one another. Consequently, estimates of the number of nematode species described to date vary by author and may change rapidly over time. A 2013 survey of animal biodiversity published in the mega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prostigmata
The Prostigmata is a suborder of mites belonging to the order Trombidiformes, which contains the "sucking" members of the "true mites" (Acariformes). Many species are notorious pests on plants. Well-known examples of prostigmatan plant parasites are species of the gall mites (Eriophyidae, e.g. the redberry mite ''Acalitus essigi''), Tarsonemidae (e.g. the cyclamen mite, '' Steneotarsonemus pallidus''), and the spider mites of the Tetranychidae (e.g. the two-spotted spider mite, '' Tetranychus urticae''). Other Prostigmata live as parasites on vertebrates (e.g. ''Demodex'' mites of the Demodecidae) or invertebrates (e.g. ''Polydiscia deuterosminthurus'' of the Tanaupodidae or the honeybee tracheal mite, ''Acarapis woodi'', of the Tarsonemidae). There are also some forms (e.g. Smarididae) that are predators of small invertebrates – including smaller Prostigmata – yet others have a more varied lifestyle (e.g. Tydeidae) or switch their food sources as they mature (e.g. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oribatida
Oribatida (formerly Cryptostigmata), also known as oribatid mites, moss mites or beetle mites, are an order of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes. They range in size from . There are currently 12,000 species that have been identified, but researchers estimate that there may be anywhere from 60,000 to 120,000 total species. Oribatid mites are by far the most prevalent of all arthropods in forest soils, and are essential for breaking down organic detritus and distributing fungi. Oribatid mites generally have low metabolic rates, slow development and low fecundity. Species are iteroparous with adults living a relatively long time; for example, estimates of development time from egg to adult vary from several months to two years in temperate forest soils. Oribatid mites have six active instars: prelarva, larva, three nymphal instars and the adult. All these stages after the prelarva feed on a wide variety of material including living and dead plant and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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