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Martu People
The Martu (Mardu) are a grouping of several Aboriginal Australian peoples in the Western Desert cultural bloc. Name The Martu people were originally speakers of various Wati languages in the Western Desert dialect continuum whose identity coalesced after coming into increased contact with one another after the establishment of Jigalong. Since the 1980s the Martu term for person (''mardu'' meaning "one of us") has prevailed among the peoples at Jigalong, Wiluna, Punmu, Parnngurr and Kunawarritji. In 1974 Norman Tindale wrote that the term had been applied to several groups in this area, among them the Kartudjara, and had no tribal significance but simply denoted that the people there had undergone full initiation. Languages The Martu languages belong to the Wati subgroup of the Pama–Nyungan language family and are collectively called Martu Wangka, or "Martu Speak". Many Martu speak more than one language and for many, English is a common second language. Country T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal Australian
Aboriginal Australians are the various Indigenous peoples of the Australian mainland and many of its islands, such as Tasmania, Fraser Island, Hinchinbrook Island, the Tiwi Islands, and Groote Eylandt, but excluding the Torres Strait Islands. The term Indigenous Australians refers to Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders collectively. It is generally used when both groups are included in the topic being addressed. Torres Strait Islanders are ethnically and culturally distinct, despite extensive cultural exchange with some of the Aboriginal groups. The Torres Strait Islands are mostly part of Queensland but have a separate governmental status. Aboriginal Australians comprise many distinct peoples who have developed across Australia for over 50,000 years. These peoples have a broadly shared, though complex, genetic history, but only in the last 200 years have they been defined and started to self-identify as a single group. Australian Aboriginal identity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudall River
The Rudall River ( Wanman: ''Karlamilyi'') is an ephemeral river in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The entire length of the river is located within the boundaries of the Karlamilyi National Park, which straddles the Little Sandy Desert (LSD) and the Great Sandy Desert (GSD). The headwaters of the river lie in the LSD below the Watrara Range near Island Hill, and it flows eastward into the GSD until it discharges into Lake Dora. The river is unique in the region as it is a major watercourse with reliable water sources and many permanent pools. The river has a total of nine tributaries, including Watrara Creek, Rooney Creek, Poonemerlarra Creek and Dunn Creek. The river was named by the explorer Frank Hann in 1896 after the surveyor William Frederick Rudall whom he met in the area while Hann was prospecting and Rudall was searching for men missing from the Calvert Expedition. The traditional owners Native title is the designation given to the common law doct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Canning
Alfred Wernam Canning (21 February 1860 – 22 May 1936) was a Western Australian government surveyor. Born at Campbellfield north of Melbourne, he started work in New South Wales as a cadet surveyor and in 1893 joined the Western Australian Department of Lands and Survey. In 1901 a royal commission resulted in Canning being commissioned to survey a route for a barrier fence across the State. Construction of the fence, known as the No. 1 Rabbit Proof Fence was completed in 1907. When completed it was the longest line of unbroken fence in the world. Canning is best known for surveying a stock route for bringing cattle overland from the Kimberley district to the goldfields in 1906 and 1907. He returned the following year to commence construction of 51 wells which were set one days march () apart to feed travelling livestock. The route was completed in 1910 and runs from Halls Creek to Wiluna. Canning received a hero's welcome on his return to Perth, however his c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soakage
A soakage, or soak, is a source of water in Australian deserts. It is called thus because the water generally seeps into the sand, and is stored below, sometimes as part of an ephemeral river or creek. Aboriginal water source Soakages were traditionally important sources of water for Aboriginal Australians in the desert, being the most dependable source in times of drought in Australia. Aboriginal peoples would scoop out the sand or mud using a coolamon or woomera, often to a depth of several metres, until clean water gathered in the base of the hole. Knowing the precise location of each soakage was extremely valuable knowledge. It is also sometimes called a native well. Anthropologist Donald Thomson wrote: Cleaning and maintaining the well Wells were covered to keep them free from fouling by animals. This involved blocking the well with dead branches and uprooted trees. When the wells fell into disrepair, people would bail the well, using the coolamon to throw slush a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canning Stock Route
The Canning Stock Route is a track that runs from Halls Creek in the Kimberley region of Western Australia to Wiluna in the mid-west region. With a total distance of around 1,850 km (1,150 mi) it is the longest historic stock route in the world. The stock route was proposed as a way of breaking a monopoly that west Kimberley cattlemen had on the beef trade at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1906, the Government of Western Australia appointed Alfred Canning to survey the route. When the survey party returned to Perth, Canning's treatment of Aboriginal guides came under scrutiny leading to a Royal Commission. Canning had been organising Aboriginal hunts to show the explorer where the waterholes were. Despite condemning Canning's methods, the Royal Commission, after the Lord Mayor of Perth, Alexander Forrest had appeared as a witness for Canning, exonerated Canning and his men of all charges. The cook who made the complaints was dismissed and Canning was se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal Australian Kinship
Aboriginal Australian kinship comprises the systems of Aboriginal customary law governing social interaction relating to kinship in traditional Aboriginal cultures. It is an integral part of the culture of every Aboriginal group across Australia, and particularly important with regard to marriages between Aboriginal people. The subsection system Subsection systems are a unique social structure that divide all of Australian Aboriginal society into a number of groups, each of which combines particular sets of kin. In Central Australian Aboriginal English vernacular, subsections are widely known as "skins". Each subsection is given a name that can be used to refer to individual members of that group. Skin is passed down by a person's parents to their children. The name of the groups can vary. There are systems with two such groupings (these are known as ' moieties' in kinship studies), systems with four (sections), six and eight (subsection systems). Some language groups ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wanman People
The Warnman, also spelt Wanman, are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia's Pilbara region. Country The Warnman people's territory (''waran'') extends over some . Their southern boundary lies around the McKay Range and the area of Kumpupintil Lake. Westwards, it reaches ''Wadurara'' on the Rudall River (''Karlamilyi''). The northern frontier lays in the vicinity of Lake Dora (Western Australia), Lake Dora/''Walerelere'', ''Mendidjildjil'' and ''Karbardi'', while they are present eastwards as far as the ''George, Wooloomber'' and ''Auld'' lakes. The change from their beloved Claypan, claypan lakes country (''tjapipodari''] to mulga terrain in the south marked a limit beyond which they thought danger lay. Language Ecology As often natural features can mark a kind of informal boundary between tribes. With the Wanman, that boundary in the south is delineated by the transition from their clumpy Triodia (grass), porcupine grassland to the thick Acacia aneura, mulga sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Putidjara
The Putidjara are an indigenous Australian people of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Country Putidjara territory, in Norman Tindale's estimation extended over . They were to be found south of Lake George, and east to ''Kolajuru'', and beyond the southeast of Kumpupintil Lake, latterly at Mendel in the direction of the Hutton Range. The frontier with the Mandjildjara lay at ''Tjundutjundu'' well on the Canning Stock Route. When drought struck they would press south to ''Kadidi'' near Lake Augusta, and the moon totem (''raga'') soak called ''Tjangara.'' Their most southerly boundary was at ''Pulburumal'', the twelfth waterhole on the Canning Stock Route. Their border with the Kartudjara was at ''Lawulawu'' (Canning Stock Route Well 16). Alternative names * ''Potitjara, Putitjara'' * ''Budidjara, Bududjara'' * ''Purditara'' * ''Pawutudjara'' * ''Paodudjara'' * ''Patudja'' * ''Patudjara'' * ''Partutudjara'' * ''Bawndudjara'' * ''Partutu'' (lake people) * ''Ngondidjara'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keiadjara
Keiadjara, also rendered ''Kiyajarra,'' were an indigenous Australian people of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Name The name was also current among the Pitjantjatjara, but as one of their names for the Wenamba. Country The extent of their area is unknown, but they were located southeast of the Mandjildjara territory and south and east of the Putidjara. It ran, apparently, eastwards from an otherwise unknown site called ''Kolajuru'', a week's trek from ''Tjundutjundu'' on the Canning Stock Route According to Ronald Berndt, the Keiadjara lived between Kumpupintil Lake Kumpupintil Lake (pronounced ''goom-bu-pin-dil''), formerly known as Lake Disappointment, is an endorheic salt lake located in the Little Sandy Desert, east of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Description Kumpupintil Lake is about lon ... and Lake Carnegie. Alternative names * ''Keiatara.'' * ''Keredjara'' * ''Kiadjara.'' * ''Giadjara.'' * ''Gijadjara.'' * ''Targudi, Tjargudi.'' * ''Djargudi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mantjintjarra Ngalia
The Mandjindja or Mantjintjarra are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia belonging to the Western Desert cultural bloc. Country According to Norman Tindale's estimate, the Mandjindja's territory extended over roughly , in the sandhill terrain south of the Warburton Range, from a place called ''Papakula''. Their western extension went as far as the Gillen and Throssell lakes. Their southern boundaries lay around Amy Rocks and the Saunders Range. Their eastern confines; lay around Lengama, identified provisorily as somewhere possibly east of the Sydney Yeo Chasm. They took in also ''Wardadikanja'' in the southeast. Language The language of the Mandjindja people is the Mandjindja language. Native title claim The Mandjindja and Ngalia sought recognition of their inherent land rights through the native title claim process in the Federal Court of Australia. A 1996 claim was dismissed. In March 2009 the Mantjintjarra Ngalia claim came a step closer to recogn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnngurr
Parnngurr is a medium-sized Aboriginal community, located 370 km from Newman in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, within the Shire of East Pilbara. Parnngurr was originally known as Cotton Creek, the name of the ephemeral creek that runs beside the community. Local area The community sits within Karlamilyi National Park. The park is the largest in the state, and one of the most rugged and remote in Australia. There are no park facilities outside the Parnngurr and Punmu settlements. The popular Desert Queen Baths lie about a half day's drive away along the Rudall River track; also in the area is Kalkan Kalkan Soak, Hanging Rock, Parnngurr Hill (Mt Cotton) and Parnngurr Rock Hole, as well as numerous bluffs, caves, creeks and bush tracks for the adventurous. Facilities The community shop provides residents and visitors with fuel, food, cold drinks, some camping and vehicle gear, and fresh fruit and vegetables. The community also supplies emergency medical facilitie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
