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Multinational Corps Southeast
The Headquarters Multinational Corps Southeast (HQ MNC-SE) in Sibiu, Romania, is a NATO corps-level command and control structure under the operational control of the Allied Joint Force Command Naples. With Romania as the framework nation, the Corps is integrated within Structure of NATO#Military command structure, NATO's military command structure. It was formed on 23 July 2020, and is the second NATO Multinational Corps on the Eastern flank after Multinational Corps Northeast from Poland. The Corps is part of the security architecture on the Eastern flank of the Alliance in the Black Sea region. It is designed to provide corps-level command and control for NATO land operations during crises or war. History During the 2018 Brussels summit, the President of Romania announced that Romania offered to develop a command and control capability on its territory to continue the adaptation process to the NATO Command Structure. The decision to establish a Multinational Corps Headquarter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allied Joint Force Command Naples
Allied Joint Force Command Naples (JFC Naples) is a NATO military command based in Lago Patria, in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Italy. It was activated on 15 March 2004, after effectively redesigning its predecessor command, Allied Forces Southern Europe (AFSOUTH), originally formed in 1951. In NATO Military Command Structure terms, AFSOUTH was a "Major Subordinate Command". The commander of JFC Naples reports to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe at the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, Casteau, Belgium. As of 2008, Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples, was responsible for conducting the full range of military operations throughout the NATO Area of Responsibility (AOR) and beyond to deter aggression and to contribute to the effective defence of NATO territory and forces, safeguard freedom of the seas and economic lifelines and to preserve or restore the security of NATO nations. History Originally, Allied Forces Southern Europe was one of two major NATO co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. The city became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (mostly Eclectic, but also Neoclassical and Art Nouveau), interbellum ( Bauhaus, Art Deco and Romanian Revival architecture), socialist era, and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of 'Paris of the East' ( ro, Parisul Estului) or 'Little Paris' ( ro, Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and even Ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Full Operating Capability
In military acquisition, full operating capability or full operational capability (FOC) is the completion of a development effort. This is usually preceded by an initial operating capability or initial operational capability (IOC) phase. For the United States Department of Defense military acquisition FOC is defined as "''in general attained when all units and/or organizations in the force structure scheduled to receive a system have received it and have the ability to employ and maintain it. The specifics for any particular system FOC are defined in that system’s Capability Development Document (CDD) and Capability Production Document (CPD)''." FOC is a certification event marking completion of training, providing maintenance facilities, and end of planned production of the item. This does not preclude additional orders to obtain the item outside that contract or after that contract FOC. References {{reflist Procurement Military terminology of the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multinational Brigade South-East (Romania)
The Multinational Brigade South-East (MN BDE SE) is an infantry brigade of the Romanian Land Forces. Until April 2017 the brigade was named 2nd Infantry Brigade " Rovine", but has since become one of Romania's contributions to NATO. The "Rovine" was deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq for peacekeeping missions. History The brigade was formed on 1 April 1883. It participated in both World Wars. In 1916, the Brigade was composed of the 1st and the 31st Infantry Regiment, and was part of the 1st Infantry Division. It took part in the Romanian Campaign of World War I, and in the Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919. In 1970, the 2nd Infantry Brigade Craiova was formed. It was named after the Battle of Rovine, which took place in 1395. Starting from 1995, the brigade began participating in international exercises. Troops from the brigade were also deployed in international missions in Angola, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. During the deployment to Angola, the 26th I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NATO Multinational Battle Group Bulgaria
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implemented the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the perceived threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance remained in place after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and has been involved in military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The organization's motto is ''animus in consulendo liber'' (Latin for "a mind unfettered in deliberation"). NATO's main headquarters are located in Brussels, Belgium, while NATO's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission Aigle
The ''Mission Aigle'' is a French-led military mission deployed to Romania following the activation of the ''Graduated Response Plans'' by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe as a response to the Russian Invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Following this decision, France sent troops to Romania on 28 February 2022 in order to strengthen the NATO, Alliance's deterrent and defensive posture against Russia. History On 28 February 2022, France deployed a spearhead battalion of the NATO Response Force, rapid response force to Romania. On 1 May 2022, the multinational battalion constituted the Battle Group Forward Presence (BGFP) in Romania, with France as the lead nation. For the first time, France assumed the role of leading nation in a NATO reassurance mission. The BGFP is a multinational battalion tasked with reinforcing the operational capabilities of the deployed troops. Currently, the Multinational Battlegroup is under the command of the Headquarters Multinational Division Southeast, Mul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Headquarters Multinational Division Southeast
Headquarters Multinational Division Southeast (HQ MND-SE) is NATO's command and control military body in the South-East region under the Multinational Corps Southeast. The operational control is handled by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR). The headquarters are located in Bucharest, Romania. Established on 31 August 2015, the HQ MND-SE is the restructure of the former Romanian 1st Infantry Division. History After the Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2014, a NATO Readiness Action Plan was decided upon during the 2014 Wales summit. To implement this decision, Romania offered to form the Multinational Division South-East Headquarters (MND-SE HQ). This was approved by the Romanian Parliament on 23 June 2015. The 1st Infantry Division handed over the command to the Multinational Division on 31 August 2015, and a day later, the Multinational Division was officially inaugurated. The Division Headquarters were activated several months later, in December. Initial oper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defender-Europe 21
Defender-Europe 21 was a large-scale, United States Army-led, multinational joint exercise designed to build readiness and interoperability between the United States, NATO and partner militaries. Taking place between mid-March and June, it was one of the largest United States Army, NATO-led military exercises in Europe in decades. More than 28,000 personnel from 26 nations conducted nearly simultaneous operations across more than 30 training areas in a dozen countries. It included a greater number of NATO and partner nations conducting activities over a wider area than what was planned for in 2020. Defender-Europe 21 also included significant involvement of the United States Air Force and United States Navy. The exercise utilized key ground and maritime routes bridging Europe, Asia and Africa. It incorporated new or high-end capabilities including air and missile assets, as well as assets from the United States Army Security Force Assistance Brigades and the recently reactivated V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Initial Operating Capability
Initial operating capability or initial operational capability (IOC) is the state achieved when a capability is available in its minimum usefully deployable form. The term is often used in government or military procurement. The United States Department of Defense chooses to use the term ''initial operational capability'' when referring to IOC. For a U.S. Department of Defense military acquisition Military acquisition or defense acquisition is the " bureaucratic management and procurement process", dealing with a nation's investments in the technologies, programs, and product support necessary to achieve its national security strategy and ..., IOC includes operating the training and maintaining parts of the overall system per DOTMLPF, and is defined as:"In general, attained when some units and/or organizations in the force structure scheduled to receive a system have received it and have the ability to employ and maintain it. The specifics for any particular system IOC are de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Exercise
A military exercise or war game is the employment of military resources in training for military operations, either exploring the effects of warfare or testing strategies without actual combat. This also serves the purpose of ensuring the combat readiness of garrisoned or deployable forces prior to deployment from a home base. While both war games and military exercises aim to simulate real conditions and scenarios for the purpose of preparing and analyzing those scenarios, the distinction between a war game and a military exercise is determined, primarily, by the involvement of actual military forces within the simulation, or lack thereof. Military exercises focus on the simulation of real, full-scale military operations in controlled hostile conditions in attempts to reproduce war time decisions and activities for training purposes or to analyze the outcome of possible war time decisions. War games, however, can be much smaller than full-scale military operations, do not t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klaus Iohannis
Klaus Werner Iohannis (; ; also spelled Johannis; born 13 June 1959) is a Romanian politician, physicist and former teacher who has been serving as the president of Romania since 2014. He became leader of the National Liberal Party (Romania), National Liberal Party (PNL) in 2014, after serving as leader of the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR) between 2002 and 2013. Prior entering politics, Iohannis was a physics teacher. Iohannis was elected the mayor of the city of Sibiu (german: Hermannstadt) in 2000 Romanian local elections, 2000, representing the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania. Although the Transylvanian Saxons, German population of the once predominantly German language, German-speaking town of Sibiu had declined to a tiny minority, Iohannis won a surprise victory and was re-elected by landslides in 2004 Romanian local elections, 2004, 2008 Romanian local elections, 2008, and 2012 Romanian local elections, 2012. Iohannis is credited with turning his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Colours
In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours (or colors), standards, flags, or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago. The Roman Empire also made battle standards a part of their vast armies. It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms. General use As armies became trained and adopted set formations, each regiment's ability to keep its formation was potentially critical to its, and therefore its army's, success. In the chaos of battle, not least due to the amount of dust and smoke on a battlefield, soldiers needed to be able to determine where their regiment was. Regimental flags are generally awarded to a regiment by a head of state during a ceremony. They were therefore treated with reverence as they represented the honour and traditions of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
