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Mozdok
Mozdok (; , ''Mæzdæg'') is a town and the administrative center of Mozdoksky District in North Ossetia–Alania, Russia, located on the left shore of the Terek River, north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 38,768. Etymology The town's name comes from (''mez degu''), a Kabardian word meaning "the deaf forest".Barrett, Thomas M. (1999). ''At the edge of empire: the Terek Cossacks and the North Caucasus frontier, 1700-1860''. Westview Press, , p. 44. History During the reign of Catherine II the Russian army started entering Circassian soil and Russia started building forts in an attempt to quickly annex Circassia. In 1763, Russian forces occupied the village of Mezdeug in Eastern Circassia, and established Mozdok as a Russian fort, settling the families of the Volga Cossacks in ''stanitsas'' around it. Thus, the Russo-Circassian War began. In 1764, one of the first Ossetian schools was opened in Mozdok. In 1764, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozdoksky District
Mozdoksky District (; , ''Mæzdædžy rajon'') is an administrativeLaw #34-RZ and municipalLaw #16-RZ district (raion), one of the eight in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Mozdok Mozdok (; , ''Mæzdæg'') is a town and the administrative center of Mozdoksky District in North Ossetia–Alania, Russia, located on the left shore of the Terek River, north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz. As of the 2010 Census, its p .... Population: 88,634 ( 2002 Census); The population of Mozdok accounts for 45.8% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * {{coord, 43.7500, N, 44.6500, E, source:wikidata, display=title Districts of North Ossetia–Alania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foundation Of Mozdok
The Foundation of Mozdok in 1763 marked a critical event in the early phases of the Russo-Circassian War. The construction of this fortress by the Russian Empire was a strategic move to establish a foothold in the North Caucasus, provoking resistance from the Circassian tribes, particularly the Kabardians. This event is often considered a precursor to the long and bloody conflict between Russia and the indigenous peoples of the Caucasus. Background During the reign of Catherine II, the Imperial Russian Army began its incursion into Circassian soil as part of a broader strategy to expand Russian influence and control over the Caucasus. This plan included the construction of a series of forts to secure the region and facilitate the annexation of Circassian lands. On 17 July (O.S.), 1763, Russian forces entered the town of Mezdeug (modern-day Mozdok) in Eastern Circassia. The village was occupied, and Mozdok was converted into a heavily fortified Russian base. Families of Volga Cos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Circassian War
The Russo-Circassian War, also known as the Russian invasion of Circassia, was the 101-year-long invasion of Circassia by the Russian Empire. The conflict started in 1763 ( O.S.) with Russia assuming authority in Circassia, followed by Circassian refusal, and ended with the last army of Circassia defeated on 21 May 1864 (O.S.). It was exhausting and casualty-heavy for both sides. The Russo-Circassian War was the longest war both Russia and Circassia have ever fought and the longest war in the Caucasus region.. During and after the war, the Russian Empire employed a genocidal strategy of systematically massacring civilians, resulting in the Circassian genocide,L.V.Burykina. ''Pereselenskoye dvizhenie na severo-zapagni Kavakaz''. Reference in King. where up to 3,500,000 Circassians were either killed or forcibly expelled to the Ottoman Empire (especially to modern-day Turkey; see Circassians in Turkey), creating the Circassian diaspora. While the war was initially an isolated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Ossetia–Alania
North Ossetia–Alania (; ), officially the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. It borders the country of Georgia (country), Georgia to the south, and the Russian federal subjects of Kabardino-Balkaria to the west, Stavropol Krai to the north, Chechnya to the east and Ingushetia to the southeast. Its population according to the Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census was 687,357. The republic’s capital city is Vladikavkaz, located on the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. The majority of the republic's population (68.1% as of 2021) are Ossetians, an Iranian peoples, Iranian ethnic group native to the republic and neighboring South Ossetia. Ossetian language, Ossetian is an east Iranian language descended from the medieval Alans, Alanic and ancient Sarmatian language, Sarmatian languages. Unlike many ethnic groups in the North Caucasus, the majority of Ossetians are Christians, pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terek River
The Terek () is a major river in the Northern Caucasus. It originates in the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia and flows through North Caucasus region of Russia into the Caspian Sea. It rises near the juncture of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and the Khokh Range, to the southwest of Mount Kazbek, winding north in a white torrent between the town of Stepantsminda and the village of Gergeti toward the Russian region North Ossetia and the city of Vladikavkaz. It turns east to flow through Chechnya and Dagestan before dividing into two branches which empty into the Caspian Sea. Below the city of Kizlyar it forms a swampy river delta around wide. The river is a key natural asset in the region, providing irrigation and hydroelectric power in its upper reaches. The main cities on the Terek include Vladikavkaz Vladikavkaz, formerly known as Ordzhonikidze () or Dzaudzhikau (), is the capital city of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the southe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe ''оblast'' was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian languages, North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan Governorate, Astrakhan and Stavropol Governorate, Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi Governorate, Kutaisi and Tiflis Governorate, Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the ''oblast'' was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia. Administrative divisions The districts (''okrugs''), Cossack districts (''wiktionary:отдел#Russian, otdels''), and ' of the Terek ''oblast'' in 1917 were as follows: Demographics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassia
Circassia ( ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in . It spanned the western coastal portions of the North Caucasus, along the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Circassia was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassians, Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide. In the medieval era, Circassia was nominally ruled by an elected Grand Prince, but individual principalities and tribes were autonomous. In the 18th–19th centuries, List of leaders of the Circassian Confederation, a central government began to form. The Circassians also dominated the northern end of the Kuban (river), Kuban River, but were eventually pushed back to the south of the Kuban after suffering losses to military raids conducted by the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde, and the Crimean Khanate. Their reduced borders then stretched from the Taman Peninsula to No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ossetians
The Ossetians ( or ; ),Merriam-Webster (2021), s.v"Ossete" also known as Ossetes ( ), Ossets ( ), and Alans ( ), are an Iranian peoples, Iranian ethnic group who are indigenous to Ossetia, a region situated across the northern and southern sides of the Caucasus Mountains. They natively speak Ossetian language, Ossetic, an Eastern Iranian languages, Eastern Iranian language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, with most also being fluent in Russian language, Russian as a second language. Currently, the Ossetian homeland of Ossetia is politically divided between North Ossetia–Alania in Russia, and the ''de facto'' country of South Ossetia (recognized by the United Nations as Occupied territories of Georgia, Russian-occupied territory that is ''de jure'' part of Georgia (country), Georgia). Their closest historical and linguistic relatives, the Jasz people, Jász people, live in the Jászság, Jászság region within the northwestern part of the Jász-Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga Cossacks
The Povolzyhe Cossacks or Volga Cossacks () were free Cossack communities in Russia which were recorded in sources from the 16th century on. They inhabited the areas along the Volga River. The Volga Cossacks participated in Yermak's conquest of Siberia. Due to the creation of the Tsaritsyn fortified line in the 18th century, the central government decided to form the Volga Cossack Host (Волгское казачье войско) consisting of 1057 families (mostly Don Cossacks) with the center in Dubovka (north of Tsaritsyn). The Volga Cossacks participated in Pugachev's Rebellion in 1773-1775. In 1770 and 1777 the majority of the Volga Cossacks were relocated to the North Caucasus to form the Mozdok and Volga regiments of the Terek Cossack Host. The Volga Cossack Host proper was abolished. The remnants of the Volga Cossack Host were merged with the Astrakhan Cossack Host in the early 19th century. File:RU045-11.jpg, Russian stamp from 2011 pictures Volga Cossacks File ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabardian Language
Kabardian (), also known as , is a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian language, that is widely considered to be the eastern dialect of Adyghe language, Adyghe. While some Soviet linguists have treated the two as distinct languages, the Circassians (including Kabardians, Kabardian people) consider the eastern and western language variants to be dialects of one Circassian languages, Circassian language. It is spoken mainly in parts of the North Caucasus republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia (Eastern Circassia), and in Turkey, Jordan and Syria (the extensive post-war diaspora). It has 47 or 48 consonant phonemes, of which 22 or 23 are fricative consonant, fricatives, depending upon whether one counts as phonemic, but it has only 3 phonemic vowels. It is one of very few languages to possess a clear phonemic distinction between ejective affricate consonant, affricates and ejective fricatives. Some linguists argue that Kabardian is only one dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladikavkaz
Vladikavkaz, formerly known as Ordzhonikidze () or Dzaudzhikau (), is the capital city of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus, situated on the Terek (river), Terek River. The city's population was 295,830 as of the 2021 Russian census, 2021 Census. As a result, Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus region. The city is an Industrial sector, industrial and transport, transportation centre. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemical substance, chemicals, clothing and food products. Etymology The name ''Vladikavkaz'', derived from the Russian language, literally means "ruler of the Caucasus". The Ossetian name Dzæwdžyqæw/Dzæwægighæw literally means " settlement". In 1911, wrote that the Ossetians prove that fortress was founded on the site of the Ingush village Zaur (village), Zaur by the name of Vladikavkaz in the Ossetian language: In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
