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Moscow Summit (1972)
The Moscow Summit of 1972 was a summit meeting between President Richard M. Nixon of the United States and General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It was held May 22–30, 1972. It featured the signing of the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), and the U.S.–Soviet Incidents at Sea agreement. The summit is considered one of the hallmarks of the détente at the time between the two Cold War antagonists. Events The summit followed in the wake of the historic 1972 Nixon visit to China earlier that year, with the Nixon administration soon concluding negotiations for the president to visit the Soviet Union. On May 22, Nixon became the first U.S. president to visit Moscow (and only the second president, after Franklin D. Roosevelt, to visit the Soviet Union up until that point), as he and Henry Kissinger arrived to begin a summit meeting with Brezhnev. First Lady of the United States Pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Kremlin Palace
The Grand Kremlin Palace () is a building in the Moscow Kremlin. For much of the 19th century, it served as the official residence of the Russian emperor in Moscow, which was not then the capital of the Russian Empire. Designed by a team of architects under the management of Konstantin Thon, architect of the Kremlin Armoury and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, the palace was intended to emphasise the greatness of Russian autocracy. The Grand Kremlin Palace serves as the official working residence of the president of Russia and also houses a museum. History The Grand Kremlin Palace was built between 1837 and 1849 to serve as the tsar's Moscow residence, on the site of the estate of the Grand Princes, which had been established in the 14th century on Borovitsky Hill; its construction involved the demolition of the previous Baroque palace on the site, designed by Rastrelli, and the 16th century Church of St. John the Baptist, constructed to a design by Aloisio the New in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Henry Kissinger
Henry Alfred Kissinger (May 27, 1923 – November 29, 2023) was an American diplomat and political scientist who served as the 56th United States secretary of state from 1973 to 1977 and the 7th National Security Advisor (United States), national security advisor from 1969 to 1975, serving under presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. Born in Germany, Kissinger emigrated to the United States in 1938 as a Emigration of Jews from Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe, Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi persecution. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended Harvard University, where he excelled academically. He later became a professor of government at the university and earned an international reputation as an expert on nuclear weapons and foreign policy. He acted as a consultant to government agencies, think tanks, and the presidential campaigns of Nelson Rockefeller and Nixon before being appointed as national security advisor and later secretary o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Agreement Concerning Cooperation In The Exploration And Use Of Outer Space For Peaceful Purposes
The Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes was an agreement between the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) which established a legal framework for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) and refined the means and methods for sharing data between these two parties. It was written in the days leading up to May 24, 1972. Having been agreed upon months earlier, it was signed by US President Richard Nixon and USSR. Premier A. N. Kosygin in Moscow during a three-day state visit. This agreement was of particular significance as it furthered efforts towards cooperation in space between the US and the USSR. during the Cold War. Key points The Agreement enumerates areas in which the US and the USSR. would cooperate, notably exploration, space meteorology, environmental sciences, celestial bodies, and space medicine. It describes the means to accomplish these goals, listing among other t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Alexei Kosygin
Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (–18 December 1980) was a Soviet people, Soviet statesman during the Cold War. He served as the Premier of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1980 and, alongside General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, was one of its most influential policymakers during the mid-1960s. Kosygin was born in the city of Saint Petersburg in 1904 to a Russian working-class family. He was conscripted into the labour army during the Russian Civil War, and after the Red Army's demobilization in 1921, he worked in Siberia as an industrial manager. Kosygin returned to Leningrad in the early 1930s and worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy. During the Eastern Front (World War II), Great Patriotic War (World War II), Kosygin was tasked by the State Defence Committee with moving Soviet industry out of territories soon to be overrun by the German Army. He served as Minister of Finance (Soviet Union), Minister of Finance for a year before becoming Minister of Light Industry (Soviet Union) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Premier Of The Soviet Union
The Premier of the Soviet Union () was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). From 1923 to 1946, the name of the office was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, and from 1946 to 1991 its name was Chairman of the Council of Ministers. During the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, its name was briefly Prime Minister and later Chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy. The first Soviet premier was the country's founder and first leader, Vladimir Lenin. After 1924, when General Secretary of the Communist Party Joseph Stalin rose to power, the ''de facto'' leader was the party's General Secretary, with Stalin and his successor Nikita Khrushchev also serving as premier. Twelve individuals held the post. History Lenin's First Government was created on 6 July 1923 by the Central Executive Committee with Lenin as its first chairman. The government was empowered to initiate decrees and legislatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
United States Government Printing Office
The United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO or GPO), formerly the United States Government Printing Office, is an agency of the Legislature, legislative branch of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government. The office produces and distributes information products and services for all three branches of the Federal Government, including U.S. passports for the Department of State as well as the official publications of the Supreme Court of the United States, Supreme Court, the United States Congress, Congress, the Executive Office of the President of the United States, Executive Office of the President, United States federal executive departments, executive departments, and Independent agencies of the United States government, independent agencies. An act of Congress changed the office's name to its current form in 2014. History Establishment of the Government Printing Office The Government Printing Office was created by Joint resol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Agreement On Cooperation In The Field Of Environmental Protection
Agreement may refer to: Agreements between people and organizations * Gentlemen's agreement, not enforceable by law * Trade agreement, between countries * Consensus (other), a decision-making process * Contract, enforceable in a court of law ** Meeting of the minds (a.k.a. mutual agreement), a common understanding in the formation of a contract * Pact, convention, or treaty between nations, sub-national entities, organizations, corporations Arts and media *''Agreement'', a 1978 book of poetry by Peter Seaton * ''Agreement'' (film), a 1980 Bollywood film Science and mathematics * Agreement (linguistics) or ''concord'', a change in the form of a word depending on grammatical features of another word * Consistency, logical agreement between two or more propositions * Reliability (statistics) in the sense of, for example, inter-rater agreement Other uses * Agreement (political party), a Polish political party * Operation Agreement, a British 1942 military operation during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nikolai Podgorny
Nikolai Viktorovich Podgorny ( – 12 January 1983) was a Soviet statesman who served as the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, the head of state of the Soviet Union, from 1965 to 1977. Podgorny was born to a Ukrainian working-class family in the city of Karlovka on 18 February 1903. He later graduated from a local worker's school in 1926 before completing his education at the Kiev Technological Institute of Food Industry in 1931. In 1930, Podgorny became a member of the ruling Communist Party of the Soviet Union and climbed up the Soviet hierarchy after years of service to the country's centrally planned economy. By 1953, Podgorny became Second Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine in 1953 before later serving as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine from 1957 to 1963. In October 1964, Podgorny participated in a coup replacing Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. Thereafter, as a member of the collective leadership, Podgorny formed an unofficial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Supreme Soviet Of The Soviet Union
The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (SSUSSR) was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Based on the principle of unified power, it was the only branch of government in the Soviet state. Prior to 1936, the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union, Congress of Soviets was the supreme legislative body. During 1989–1991 Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union, a similar, but not identical structure was the supreme legislative body. The Supreme Soviet appointed the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, Council of Ministers, the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, Supreme Court, and the Procurator General of the Soviet Union, Procurator General of the USSR as well as elected the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, Presidium which served as the USSR's Head of state#Multiple or collective heads of state, collective head of state under both the 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, 1936 and 1977 Constitutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Presidium Of The Supreme Soviet
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet () was the standing body of the highest organ of state power, highest body of state authority in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).The Presidium of the Soviet Union is, in short, the legislative branch of the great Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is so great due to its "слава". This translates to glory. It became glorious because of its revolution against the tsar. After this, they started the great socialist state of the Union of Soviet Socialist RepublicThe Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR (ПРЕЗИДИУМ ВЕРХОВНОГО СОВЕТА СССР) Great Soviet Encyclopedia. The presidium was elected by joint session of both houses of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, Supreme Soviet to act on its behalf while the Supreme Soviet was not Legislative session, in session. By the 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, 1936 and 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union, 1977 Soviet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
List Of Heads Of State Of The Soviet Union
The Constitution of the Soviet Union recognised the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (between 1938 and 1989) and the earlier Central Executive Committee (CEC) of the Congress of Soviets (between 1922 and 1938) as the highest organs of state authority in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) between legislative sessions. Under the 1924, 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitutions these bodies served as the collective head of state of the Soviet Union. The chairman of these bodies personally performed the largely ceremonial functions assigned to a single head of state but was provided little real power by the constitution. The Soviet Union was established in 1922. However, the country's first constitution was only adopted in 1924. Before that time, the 1918 Constitution of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic functioned as the constitution of the USSR. According to the 1918 Constitution, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (CEC), whose chairman was head o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
