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Mont-Louis (Pyrénées-Orientales)
Mont-Louis (; or ''el Vilar d'Ovansa'') is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales Departments of France, department in southern France. Geography Mont-Louis is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades. Mont-Louis-La Cabanasse station has rail connections to Villefranche-de-Conflent and Latour-de-Carol. Government and politics Mayors Population Sites of interest In 2008, the citadel and the city walls of Mont-Louis were listed as part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Site, because of its outstanding engineering and testimony to the development of military architecture in the 17th through 19th centuries. The Mont-Louis Solar Furnace, is the world's first solar furnace, built in 1949, by engineer Félix Trombe. It is open to visit for practical education on solar energy uses and technologies. The citadel has been hosting for more than half a century the National Commando Trainin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of France
A () is a level of administrative divisions of France, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in Canada and the United States; ' in Germany; ' in Italy; ' in Spain; or civil parishes in the United Kingdom. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the Municipal arrondissem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Félix Trombe
Félix Trombe (1906–1985) was a French engineer and speleologist. He was born in Nogent and died in Ganties. He is best known for his pioneering work in passive solar building design with the Trombe wall, which bears his name. He is also credited with hypothesizing passive daytime radiative cooling in 1967. Mont-Louis Solar Furnace In 1949 Trombe directed the construction of the experimental 50 kW Mont-Louis Solar Furnace in the Pyrénées-Orientales for high temperature experiments in physics and chemistry. In 1962, a 1000 kW solar furnace was built in Odeillo. Speleology In 1934, Félix Trombe explored the underground Comminges. In 1945, he was a member of the caving commission of the French National Centre for Scientific Research and another commission of the French National Committee of Geodesy and Geophysics. He supported René Jeannel in 1948 during the creation of the National Committee of Speleology, which would become the French Federation of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligne De Cerdagne
The ''Ligne de Cerdagne'' (), usually referred to as ''Le Petit Train Jaune'' (, ), is a gauge railway that runs from Villefranche-de-Conflent to Latour-de-Carol- Enveitg in the French Pyrenees. History of the Line The section of line between Villefranche-de-Conflent and Bourg-Madame was declared a public utility by law on 4 March 1903. This same law approved the granting of a concession for the line, signed on 5 December 1902, between the Minister of Public Works and the Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Midi et du Canal Latéral à la Garonne. The law also superseded an earlier proposed standard gauge railway which had been authorised between Villefranche-de-Conflent and Olette, but never built. A second law was approved on 23 March 1914 to extend the railway from Bourg-Madame to the 'French frontier station' of the transpyrenean line from Ax les Thermes to Ripoll, although the present station name at the terminus of Latour de Carol Enveitg was not mentioned. The declarati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of The Pyrénées-Orientales Department
The Pyrénées-Orientales departments of France, department is composed of 226 communes of France, communes. Most of the territory (except for the district of Fenolheda) formed a part of the Principality of Catalonia until 1659, and Catalan language, Catalan is still spoken (in addition to French language, French) by a significant minority of the population. The Catalan names of communes are taken from the ''Enciclopèdia catalana'' and are intended for comparison with the official French names: they do not indicate the current or former linguistic status of the commune. List of intercommunalities The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 2025):Périmètre des groupements en 2025 BANATIC. Accessed 28 May 2025. *Communauté urbaine Perpignan Médit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Gilles (French Army Officer)
Jean Marcellin Joseph Calixte Gilles (14 October 1904 – 10 August 1961) was a French Army general who served in World War II and several colonial conflicts. A paratrooper, Gilles led the French defence during the Battle of Na San and the initial paratrooper landings at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu during the French Indochina War, as well as serving in Algeria. For near the entirety of his career he fought with a glass eye, having lost an eye at 18. Early life Gilles was born in Perpignan, France on 14 October 1904. His father, Joseph Gilles, was killed in the First World War. At age 12, Jean enrolled in a military school and at age 18, entered the renowned Saint-Cyr Military Academy, where he lost an eye in a training accident, replacing it with one made of glass. On leaving school he was assigned to 24e régiment de tirailleurs sénégalais (24th Regiment Senegalese Infantry) and took part in the Rif War in northern Morocco, where he received his first citation, and the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Étienne Solère
Pedro Étienne Solère (4 April 1753 – 1817) was a French composer, teacher of music and clarinetist. Biography Born in Mont-Louis, Solère began playing clarinet as a child. He was very talented and already at the age of 14, he joined the Champagne infantry regiment orchestra. To complete his professional skills, he studied in Paris with Michel Yost. In 1784, he performed at the Concert Spirituel. He was noticed by the Duke Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, who hired him. He toured in Italy, Spain and Russia, and gained international renown. After the Duke's death, Solère became first clarinet in the French King's orchestra. Thanks to his reputation, he was recruited as a professor at the Conservatoire de Paris, founded in 1795. His friendship with François Devienne greatly influenced his creative work. His compositions are mainly known today for his works for clarinet. Compositions Works for orchestra * ''Concerto in E flat major'', for clarinet and orchestra * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sébastien Le Prestre De Vauban
Sébastien is a common French given name. It is a French form of the Latin name ''Sebastianus'' meaning "from Sebaste". Sebaste was a common placename in classical Antiquity, derived from the Greek word ''σεβαστος'', or ''sebastos'', meaning "''venerable''." Notable people named Sébastien or Sebastien include: Military * Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban (1633-1707), a Marshal of France and the foremost military engineer of his age * Sébastien Pontault de Beaulieu (died 1674), French engineer considered to be the first military topographer Arts and entertainment * Sébastien Agius (born 1983), French singer, winner of the first French ''X Factor'' * Sébastien Akchoté-Bozović (born 1981), French musician, also known as Sebastian * Sébastien Aurillon (born 1973) French visual artist and gallerist * Sébastien Bourdon (1616–1671), French painter and engraver * Sébastien Japrisot (1931-2003), French author, screenwriter and film director * Sebastien Grainger (bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mont-Louis - Signature Du Maire Michel Aldebert 1815
Mont-Louis (; or ''el Vilar d'Ovansa'') is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France. Geography Mont-Louis is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades. Mont-Louis-La Cabanasse station has rail connections to Villefranche-de-Conflent and Latour-de-Carol. Government and politics Mayors Population Sites of interest In 2008, the citadel and the city walls of Mont-Louis were listed as part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Site, because of its outstanding engineering and testimony to the development of military architecture in the 17th through 19th centuries. The Mont-Louis Solar Furnace, is the world's first solar furnace, built in 1949, by engineer Félix Trombe. It is open to visit for practical education on solar energy uses and technologies. The citadel has been hosting for more than half a century the National Commando Training Center (French Army) which trains eli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commando
A commando is a combatant, or operative of an elite light infantry or special operations force, specially trained for carrying out raids and operating in small teams behind enemy lines. Originally, "a commando" was a type of combat unit, as opposed to an individual in that unit. In other languages, ''commando'' and ''kommando'' denote a "Command (military formation), command", including the sense of a military or an elite special operations unit. In the militaries and governments of most countries, commandos are distinctive in that they specialize in unconventional assault on high-value targets. In English, to distinguish between an individual commando and a commando unit, the unit is occasionally capitalized. In China, the term "commando unit" (突击队) does not necessarily refer to a commando unit, but refers to special forces and Police tactical unit, police tactical units in general. Such use includes the Special Operations Brigade (PLA Navy Marine Corps), Jiaolong Command ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Army
The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (, , ), is the principal Army, land warfare force of France, and the largest component of the French Armed Forces; it is responsible to the Government of France, alongside the French Navy, French Air and Space Force, and the National Gendarmerie. The Army is commanded by the Chief of Staff of the French Army (CEMAT), who is subordinate of the Chief of the Defence Staff (France), Chief of the Defence Staff (CEMA), who commands active service Army units and in turn is responsible to the President of France. CEMAT is also directly responsible to the Ministry of Armed Forces (France), Ministry of the Armed Forces for administration, preparation, and equipment. The French Army, following the French Revolution, has generally been composed of a mixed force of conscripts and professional volunteers. It is now considered a professional force, since the French Parliament suspended the Conscription in France, conscription of soldiers. Acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Commando Training Center
The National Centre for Commando Training, (, ) is a French Army training centre. It is a located in Mont-Louis and Collioure in the Pyrenees-Orientales department, and is part of the . As of 18 July 2022, the commander was Lieutenant Colonel Damien Lefèbvre. History Created on the 1st January 1964, as a descendant of the 11e régiment parachutiste de choc, the National Centre for Commando Training is a unique establishment that specialises in commando training in France. With the return of the French troops from Algeria in 1961, it was recognised that the training methods of the shock troops were highly effective for modern warfare. Thus ten centres were created in Metropolitan France and Germany, most often in austere fortifications. The first commando training centre created in France was the of Givet at the Fortress of Charlemont, in the department of Ardennes. It was designed in 1961, put into operation in 1962, by and for the 11e division légère d'intervention (11e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solar Furnace
A solar furnace is a structure that uses concentrated solar power to produce high temperatures, usually for industry. Parabolic mirrors or heliostats concentrate light ( Insolation) onto a focal point. The temperature at the focal point may reach , and this heat can be used to generate electricity, melt steel, make hydrogen fuel or nanomaterials. The largest solar furnace is at Odeillo in the Pyrénées-Orientales in France, opened in 1970. It employs an array of plane mirrors to gather sunlight, reflecting it onto a larger curved mirror. History The ancient Greek / Latin term ''heliocaminus'' means "solar furnace" and refers to a glass-enclosed sunroom intentionally designed to become hotter than the outside air temperature. Legendary accounts of the Siege of Syracuse (213–212 BC) tell of Archimedes' heat ray, a set of burnished brass mirrors or burning glasses supposedly used to ignite attacking ships, though modern historians doubt its veracity. On 24 Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
