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Modified EUI-64
An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) is a 24-bit number that uniquely identifies a vendor, manufacturer, or other organization. OUIs are purchased from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Registration Authority by the ''assignee'' (IEEE term for the vendor, manufacturer, or other organization). Only assignment from MA-L registry assigns new OUI. They are used to uniquely identify a particular piece of equipments through derived identifiers such as MAC addresses, Subnetwork Access Protocol protocol identifiers, World Wide Names for Fibre Channel devices or vendor blocks in EDID. In MAC addresses, the OUI is combined with a 24-bit number (assigned by the ''assignee'' of the OUI) to form the address. The first three octets of the address are the OUI. Representation and formatting conventions The following terms are defined (either implicitly or explicitly) in IEEE Standard 802-2001 for use in referring to the various representations and formats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vendor
In a supply chain, a vendor, supplier, provider or a seller, is an enterprise that contributes goods or services. Generally, a supply chain vendor manufactures inventory/stock items and sells them to the next link in the chain. Today, these terms refer to a supplier of any goods or service. In property sales, the vendor is the name given to the seller of the property. Description A vendor is a supply chain management term that means anyone who provides goods or services of experience to another entity. Vendors may sell B2B (business-to-business; i.e., to other companies), B2C (business to consumers or direct-to-consumer), or B2G (business to government). Some vendors manufacture inventory, inventoriable items and then sell those items to customers, while other vendors offer services or experiences. The term vendor and the term supplier are often used indifferently. The difference is that the vendors ''sells'' the goods or services while the supplier ''provides'' the goods or serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bit-reversal Permutation
In applied mathematics, a bit-reversal permutation is a permutation of a sequence of n items, where n=2^k is a power of two. It is defined by indexing the elements of the sequence by the numbers from 0 to n-1, representing each of these numbers by its binary representation (padded to have length exactly k), and mapping each item to the item whose representation has the same bits in the reversed order. Repeating the same permutation twice returns to the original ordering on the items, so the bit reversal permutation is an involution. This permutation can be applied to any sequence in linear time while performing only simple index calculations. It has applications in the generation of low-discrepancy sequences and in the evaluation of fast Fourier transforms. Example Consider the sequence of eight letters '. Their indexes are the binary numbers 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, and 111, which when reversed become 000, 100, 010, 110, 001, 101, 011, and 111. Thus, the letter ''a'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individual Address Block
An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) is a 24-bit number that uniquely identifies a vendor, manufacturer, or other organization. OUIs are purchased from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Registration Authority by the ''assignee'' (IEEE term for the vendor, manufacturer, or other organization). Only assignment from MA-L registry assigns new OUI. They are used to uniquely identify a particular piece of equipments through derived identifiers such as MAC addresses, Subnetwork Access Protocol protocol identifiers, World Wide Names for Fibre Channel devices or vendor blocks in EDID. In MAC addresses, the OUI is combined with a 24-bit number (assigned by the ''assignee'' of the OUI) to form the address. The first three octets of the address are the OUI. Representation and formatting conventions The following terms are defined (either implicitly or explicitly) in IEEE Standard 802-2001 for use in referring to the various representations and formats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concatenating
In formal language theory and computer programming, string concatenation is the operation of joining character strings end-to-end. For example, the concatenation of "snow" and "ball" is "snowball". In certain formalizations of concatenation theory, also called string theory, string concatenation is a primitive notion. Syntax In many programming languages, string concatenation is a binary infix operator, and in some it is written without an operator. This is implemented in different ways: * Overloading the plus sign + Example from C#: "Hello, " + "World" has the value "Hello, World". * Dedicated operator, such as . in PHP, & in Visual Basic, and , , in SQL. This has the advantage over reusing + that it allows implicit type conversion to string. * string literal concatenation, which means that adjacent strings are concatenated without any operator. Example from C: "Hello, " "World" has the value "Hello, World". In many scientific publications or standards the concaten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nibble
In computing, a nibble, or spelled nybble to match byte, is a unit of information that is an aggregation of four- bits; half of a byte/ octet. The unit is alternatively called nyble, nybl, half-byte or tetrade. In networking or telecommunications, the unit is often called a semi-octet, quadbit, or quartet. As a nibble can represent sixteen () possible values, a nibble value is often shown as a hexadecimal digit (hex digit). A byte is two nibbles, and therefore, a value can be shown as two hex digits. Four-bit computers use nibble-sized data for storage and operations; as the word unit. Such computers were used in early microprocessors, pocket calculators and pocket computers. They continue to be used in some microcontrollers. In this context, 4-bit groups were sometimes also called characters rather than nibbles. History The term ''nibble'' originates from its representing half a byte, with ''byte'' a homophone of the English word ''bite''. In 2014, David B. Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FDDI
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a standard for data transmission in a local area network. It uses optical fiber as its standard underlying physical medium. It was also later specified to use copper cable, in which case it may be called CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface), standardized as TP-PMD (Twisted-Pair Physical Medium-Dependent), also referred to as TP-DDI (Twisted-Pair Distributed Data Interface). FDDI was effectively made obsolete in local networks by Fast Ethernet which offered the same 100 Mbit/s speeds, but at a much lower cost and, from 1998 on, by Gigabit Ethernet due to its speed, even lower cost, and ubiquity. Description FDDI provides a 100 Mbit/s optical standard for data transmission in local area network that can extend in length up to . Although FDDI logical topology is a ring-based token network, it did not use the IEEE 802.5 Token Ring Communications protocol, protocol as its basis; instead, its protocol was derived from the IE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Token Ring
Token Ring is a Physical layer, physical and data link layer computer networking technology used to build local area networks. It was introduced by IBM in 1984, and standardized in 1989 as IEEE Standards Association, IEEE 802.5. It uses a special three-byte frame (networking), frame called a ''token'' that is passed around a logical ''ring'' of workstations or server (computing), servers. This token passing is a channel access method providing fair access for all stations, and eliminating the collision (telecommunications), collisions of contention (telecommunications), contention-based access methods. Following its introduction, Token Ring technology became widely adopted, particularly in corporate environments, but was gradually eclipsed by newer iterations of Ethernet. The last formalized Token Ring standard that was completed was Gigabit Token Ring (IEEE 802.5z), published on May 4, 2001. History A wide range of different local area network technologies were developed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Token Bus
In computer networking, a token bus network is a network implementing a token-passing protocol over a virtual ring on a coaxial cable. Network A token is passed around the network nodes and only the node possessing the token may transmit. If a node doesn't have anything to send, the token is passed on to the next node on the virtual ring. Each node must know the address of its neighbour in the ring, so a special protocol is needed to notify the other nodes of connections to, and disconnections from, the ring. Ethernet's access protocol could not absolutely guarantee a maximum time any station would have to wait to access the network, so was thought to be unsuitable for manufacturing automation applications. The Token bus protocol was created to combine the benefits of a physical bus network with the deterministic access protocol of a Token Ring network. IEEE 802.4 Token Bus was standardized by IEEE standard 802.4. It was mainly used for industrial applications. Token Bus was u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IEEE 802
IEEE 802 is a family of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards for local area networks (LANs), personal area networks (PANs), and metropolitan area networks (MANs). The IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMSC) maintains these standards. The IEEE 802 family of standards has had twenty-four members, numbered 802.1 through 802.24, with a working group of the LMSC devoted to each. However, not all of these working groups are currently active. The IEEE 802 standards are restricted to computer networks carrying variable-size packets, unlike cell relay networks, for example, in which data is transmitted in short, uniformly sized units called cells. Isochronous signal networks, in which data is transmitted as a steady stream of octet (computing), octets, or groups of octets, at regular time intervals, are also outside the scope of the IEEE 802 standards. The number 802 has no significance: it was simply the next number in the sequence that the IEEE used fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ifconfig
ifconfig (short for ''interface config'') is a system administration utility in Unix-like operating systems for network interface configuration. The utility is a command-line interface A command-line interface (CLI) is a means of interacting with software via command (computing), commands each formatted as a line of text. Command-line interfaces emerged in the mid-1960s, on computer terminals, as an interactive and more user ... tool and is also used in the system startup scripts of many operating systems. It has features for configuring, controlling, and querying Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP network interface parameters. Ifconfig originally appeared in 4.2BSD as part of the Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD TCP/IP suite. Many Linux distributions have deprecated ifconfig in favor of tools from iproute2. Usage Common uses for ifconfig include setting the IP address and subnet mask of a network interface and disabling or enabling an interface. At boot time, many U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canonical Form
In mathematics and computer science, a canonical, normal, or standard form of a mathematical object is a standard way of presenting that object as a mathematical expression. Often, it is one which provides the simplest representation of an object and allows it to be identified in a unique way. The distinction between "canonical" and "normal" forms varies from subfield to subfield. In most fields, a canonical form specifies a ''unique'' representation for every object, while a normal form simply specifies its form, without the requirement of uniqueness. The canonical form of a positive integer in decimal representation is a finite sequence of digits that does not begin with zero. More generally, for a class of objects on which an equivalence relation is defined, a canonical form consists in the choice of a specific object in each class. For example: *Jordan normal form is a canonical form for matrix similarity. *The row echelon form is a canonical form, when one considers as equ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethernet
Ethernet ( ) is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3. Ethernet has since been refined to support higher bit rates, a greater number of nodes, and longer link distances, but retains much backward compatibility. Over time, Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies such as Token Ring, FDDI and ARCNET. The original 10BASE5 Ethernet uses a thick coaxial cable as a shared medium. This was largely superseded by 10BASE2, which used a thinner and more flexible cable that was both less expensive and easier to use. More modern Ethernet variants use Ethernet over twisted pair, twisted pair and fiber optic links in conjunction with Network switch, switches. Over the course of its history, Ethernet data transfer rates have been increased from the original to the lates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
