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Miðnesheiði
Iceland's defence forces consist of the Icelandic Coast Guard, which patrols Icelandic waters and monitors its airspace, and other services such as the National Commissioner's National Security and the Special Unit of the National Police Commissioner. Iceland maintains no standing army, the only NATO member for which this is the case. The Coast Guard consists of three ships and four aircraft and armed with small arms, naval artillery, and air defence radar stations. The Coast Guard also maintains the Iceland Air Defence System, formerly part of the disestablished Defence Agency, which conducts surveillance from the ground of Iceland's air space. Additionally, there is a Crisis Response Unit (ICRU), operated by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, which is a small peacekeeping force that has been deployed internationally, since 2008. This unit also has an unarmed component. There is a treaty with the United States, which until 2006 maintained the Naval Air Station Keflavik, reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iceland Air Defence System
The Iceland Air Defence System () is a part of the Icelandic Coast Guard. It was founded in 1987 under the Radar Agency of the Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs after an agreement between Iceland and the United States on the takeover by the Icelanders of the operation and maintenance of the radar stations of the Iceland Defense Force. Between 2009–2011, it was a part of the Icelandic Defence Agency (''Varnarmálastofnun Íslands''). It operates four radar complexes, a software and support facility as well as a command and report centre. , it does not independently possess any offensive capabilities, but is primarily used instead to monitor air traffic and direct allied interceptors based out of country. The four facilities are located at the four intercardinal points: * H-1 Miðnesheiði in the Reykjanes peninsula (south-west) * H-2 Gunnólfsvíkurfjall in the Langanes peninsula (nord-east) * H-3 Stokksnes near Höfn (south-east) * H-4 Bolafjall close to Bolung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Icelandic Coast Guard
The Icelandic Coast Guard (, or simply ) is the Icelandic defence service responsible for search and rescue, maritime safety and security surveillance, national defense, and law enforcement. The Coast Guard maintains the Iceland Air Defence System which conducts ground-based surveillance of Iceland's air space and operate the Keflavik airbase. It is also responsible for hydrographic surveying and nautical charting. History Its origins can be traced to 1859, when the corvette ''Ørnen'' started patrolling Icelandic waters. In 1906, Iceland's first purposely built guard-ship, ''Islands Falk'', began operation. Iceland's own defense of its territorial waters began around 1920 and the Icelandic Coast Guard was formally founded on 1 July 1926. The first cannon was put on the trawler ''Þór'' in 1924 and on 23 June 1926 the first ship built for the Coast Guard, named ''Óðinn'', arrived in Iceland. Three years later, on 14 July 1929 the coastal defence ship ''Ægir'' was added ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-submarine Warfare
Anti-submarine warfare (ASW, or in the older form A/S) is a branch of underwater warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, submarines, or other platforms, to find, track, and deter, damage, or destroy enemy submarines. Such operations are typically carried out to protect friendly shipping and coastal facilities from submarine attacks and to overcome blockades. Successful ASW operations typically involve a combination of sensor and weapon technologies, along with effective deployment strategies and sufficiently trained personnel. Typically, sophisticated sonar equipment is used for first detecting, then classifying, locating, and tracking a target submarine. Sensors are therefore a key element of ASW. Common weapons for attacking submarines include torpedoes and naval mines, which can both be launched from an array of air, surface, and underwater platforms. ASW capabilities are often considered of significant strategic importance, particularly following provocative instanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kosovo Force
The Kosovo Force (KFOR) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO-led international NATO peacekeeping, peacekeeping force and military of Kosovo. KFOR is the third security responder, after the Kosovo Police and the EU Rule of Law (European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo, EULEX) mission, respectively, with whom NATO peacekeeping forces work in close coordination. Its operations are gradually reducing until the Kosovo Security Force, established in 2009, becomes self-sufficient. KFOR entered Kosovo on 12 June 1999, one day after the United Nations Security Council adopted the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, UNSC Resolution 1244. At the time, Kosovo was facing a grave humanitarian crisis, with Military of Serbia and Montenegro, military forces from Serbia and Montenegro, Yugoslavia in action against the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in daily engagements. Nearly one million people had fled Kosovo as refugees by that time, many of whom left permanently. Curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stabilisation Force In Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Stabilisation Force (SFOR) was a NATO-led multinational peacekeeping force deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Bosnian War. Although SFOR was led by NATO, several non-NATO countries contributed troops. It was replaced by EUFOR Althea in December 2004. Mission The stated mission of SFOR was to "deter hostilities and stabilise the peace, contribute to a secure environment by providing a continued military presence in the Area Of Responsibility (AOR), target and co-ordinate SFOR support to key areas including primary civil implementation organisations, and progress towards a lasting consolidation of peace, without further need for NATO-led forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina". Structure and history SFOR was established in Security Council Resolution 1088 on 12 December 1996. It succeeded the much larger Implementation Force IFOR which was deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina on 20 December 1995 with a one-year mandate. The commanders of the SFOR, who each served one-year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooperative Safeguard
A cooperative (also known as co-operative, coöperative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-controlled enterprise". Cooperatives are democratically controlled by their members, with each member having one vote in electing the board of directors. They differ from collectives in that they are generally built from the bottom-up, rather than the top-down. Cooperatives may include: * Worker cooperatives: businesses owned and managed by the people who work there * Consumer cooperatives: businesses owned and managed by the people who consume goods and/or services provided by the cooperative * Producer cooperatives: businesses where producers pool their output for their common benefit ** e.g. Agricultural cooperatives * Purchasing cooperatives where members pool their purchasing power * Multi-stakeholder or hybrid cooperatives tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partnership For Peace
The Partnership for Peace (PfP; ) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) program aimed at creating trust and cooperation between the member states of NATO and other states mostly in Europe, including post-Soviet states; 18 states are members. The program contains 6 areas of cooperation, which aims to build relationships with partners through military-to-military cooperation on training, exercises, disaster planning and response, science and environmental issues, professionalization, policy planning, and relations with civilian government. During policy negotiations in the 1990s, a primary controversy regarding PfP was its ability to be interpreted as a program that is a stepping stone for joining NATO with full Article 5 guarantees. Amidst the security concerns in Eastern Europe after the Cold War and dissolution of the Soviet Union, and also due to the failure of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC), the program was launched during the summit in Brussels, Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Challenge Exercise
Northern may refer to the following: Geography * North, a point in direction * Northern Europe, the northern part or region of Europe * Northern Highland, a region of Wisconsin, United States * Northern Province, Sri Lanka * Northern Range, a range of hills in Trinidad * Northern State (Sudan), one of the 18 wilayat (states) of Sudan Schools * Northern Collegiate Institute and Vocational School (NCIVS), a school in Sarnia, Canada * Northern Secondary School, Toronto, Canada * Northern Secondary School (Sturgeon Falls), Ontario, Canada * Northern University (other), various institutions * Northern Guilford High School, a public high school in Greensboro, North Carolina Companies * Arriva Rail North, a former train operating company in northern England * Chemins de fer du Nord (Northern Railway Company), a former rail transport company in northern France * Nord-Aviation (Northern Aviation), a former state-owned French aircraft manufacturer. * Compañía de los Caminos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Explosive Ordnance Disposal
Bomb disposal is an explosives engineering profession using the process by which hazardous explosive devices are disabled or otherwise rendered safe. ''Bomb disposal'' is an all-encompassing term to describe the separate, but interrelated functions in the military fields of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD), and the public safety roles of public safety bomb disposal (PSBD) and the bomb squad. History The first professional civilian bomb squad was established by Colonel Sir Vivian Dering Majendie a Major at the time in the Royal Artillery, Majendie investigated an explosion on 2 October 1874 in the Regent's Canal, when the barge 'Tilbury', carrying six barrels of petroleum and five tons of gunpowder, blew up, killing the crew and destroying Macclesfield Bridge and cages at nearby London Zoo. In 1875, he framed the Explosives Act, the first modern legislation for explosives control. He also pioneered many bomb disposal techni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Viking
Northern Viking is an annual NATO exercise held in Iceland. The exercises were held biennially until 2006 when the frequency was increased. The purpose of the exercise is to test the capabilities of Iceland and its NATO allies, as well as increase the readiness of the forces involved and their inter-operability. Northern Viking 2022 Several NATO member states participated in the exercises in 2022. The United States Navy, in a press release, described 2022's exercise as "a hunt for adversary submarines" and "visit, board, search and seizure missions on suspect vessels." Participants * ** ICGV ''Þór'' * ** USS ''Arlington'' ** CH-53E Sea Stallions ** 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit ** USS ''Kearsarge'' * ** FS ''Latouche-Tréville'' * ** HNoMS ''Thor Heyerdahl'' * ** FGS ''Sachsen'' * ** Royal Marine Commandos Northern Viking 2011 Northern Viking 2011 was held by the Icelandic Coast Guard and the United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE). Among the training exerc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of NATO Exercises
This is a list of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) exercises. A substantial list of additional exercises (1949-1985) may be found her Cold War (1950–1990) Annual exercises *Exercise Able Archer was an annual exercise by NATO military forces in Europe. *Northern Wedding was a naval exercise held 1970–1986, designed to test NATO's ability to rearm and resupply Europe. *Exercise Reforger (Certain Strike) was a major annual exercise and campaign conducted from 1969 to 1993, mainly on German territory. 1950s * Exercise Mainbrace - Defence of Denmark and Norway during September 1952. ** 200 ships ** over 50,000 personnel * Exercise Grand Slam. Naval exercise in the Mediterranean Sea in 1952. * Exercise Longstep. Large naval exercise in the Mediterranean Sea in 1952. * Exercise Italic Weld, a combined air-naval-ground exercise in northern Italy during August 1953 * Exercise Grand Repulse during September 1953 ** British Army on the Rhine (BAOR) ** Netherlands Corps ** Alli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
