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Military Reform Of Manuel Azaña
The military reform of Manuel Azaña was the set of decrees approved between April and September 1931 by the Provisional Government of the Second Spanish Republic (which were later recast and endorsed by the Constituent Courts in the so-called "Azaña Law") and the subsequent laws approved by the Courts at the proposal of the Minister of War Manuel Azaña, a position that he held simultaneously with that of President of the Government since October 1931, and whose objective was to modernize and democratize the Spanish Army as well as to put an end to military interventionism in political life. Azaña's reform was the only one of those approved during the first biennium that was not changed by the center-right governments of the second. When the provisional government was formed, the Ministry of War fell to Manuel Azaña because he was the only member of the "revolutionary committee" who had knowledge of military matters (he had published the first part of a study on the French ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Azaña, 1933
Manuel may refer to: People * Manuel (name), a given name and surname * Manuel (''Fawlty Towers''), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers'' * Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire * Manuel I of Portugal, king of Portugal * Manuel I of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond Places * Manuel, Valencia, a municipality in the province of Valencia, Spain *Manuel Junction, railway station near Falkirk, Scotland Other * Manuel (American horse), a thoroughbred racehorse * Manuel (Australian horse), a thoroughbred racehorse * Manuel and The Music of The Mountains, a musical ensemble * ''Manuel'' (album), music album by Dalida, 1974 See also *Manny (other), a common nickname for those named Manuel *Manoel (other) *Immanuel (other) *Emmanuel (other) *Emanuel (other) *Emmanuelle (other) *Manuela (other) Manuela may refer to: People * Manuela (given name), a Spanish and Portuguese feminine given ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law For The Defense Of The Republic
Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a science and as the art of justice. State-enforced laws can be made by a legislature, resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and regulations; or by judges' decisions, which form precedent in common law jurisdictions. An autocrat may exercise those functions within their realm. The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and also serves as a mediator of relations between people. Legal systems vary between jurisdictions, with their differences analysed in comparative law. In civil law jurisdictions, a legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates the law. In common law systems, judges ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Zubillaga Y Reillo
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''. Meaning of the name Francisco In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Communitatis'' (father of the community) when he founded the Franciscan order, and "Paco" is a short form of ''Pater Communitatis''. In areas of Spain where Basque is spoken, "Patxi" is the most common nickname; in the Catalan areas, "Cesc" (short for Francesc) is often used. In Spanish Latin America and in the Philippines, people with the name Francisco are frequently called "Pancho". " Kiko"and "Cisco" is also used as a nickname, and "Chicho" is another possibility. In Portuguese, people named Francisco are commonly nicknamed " Chico" (''shíco''). People with the given name * Pope Francis (1936-2025) is rendered in the Spanish, Portuguese and Filipino languages as Papa Francisco * Francisco Acebal (1866–1933), Spanish writer and author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Valdés Cavanilles
Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic in Portugal, but common in Brazil. Origins The Germanic name (and its variants) is usually said to be composed of the words for "fame" () and "warrior" () and hence may be translated to ''famous warrior'' or "famous in battle". According to Dutch onomatologists however, it is more likely that the first stem was , meaning fame, which would give the meaning 'warrior for the gods' (or: 'warrior who captured stability') for the full name.J. van der Schaar, ''Woordenboek van voornamen'' (Prisma Voornamenboek), 4e druk 1990; see also thLodewijs in the Dutch given names database Modern forms of the name are the German name Ludwig and the Dutch form Lodewijk. and the other Iberian forms more closely resemble the French name Louis, a derivat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Paternina Iturriagagoitia
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacular form of Joseph, which is also in current usage as a given name. José is also commonly used as part of masculine name composites, such as José Manuel, José Maria or Antonio José, and also in female name composites like Maria José or Marie-José. The feminine written form is ''Josée'' as in French. In Netherlandic Dutch, however, ''José'' is a feminine given name and is pronounced ; it may occur as part of name composites like Marie-José or as a feminine first name in its own right; it can also be short for the name ''Josina'' and even a Dutch hypocorism of the name ''Johanna''. In England, Jose is originally a Romano-Celtic surname, and people with this family name can usually be found in, or traced to, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germán Gil Y Yuste
Germán () is a male given name in Spanish speaking countries. It is a cognate to French Germain, and is a variant of Latin Germanus. Surname * Domingo Germán (born 1992), baseball player * Esteban Germán (born 1978), Dominican professional baseball second baseman * Franklyn Germán, relief pitcher * Javier Germán (born 1971), Spanish footballer * Tamás Germán, Hungarian professional footballer Given name Art and music * Germán Casas, Chilean singer * Germán Cueto, Mexican painter * Germán Gedovius, Mexican painter * Germán Pedro Ibáñez, Cuban musical director * Germán Legarreta, Puerto Rican actor * Germán Londoño, Colombian painter and sculptor * Germán Magariños, Argentine film director and screenwriter * Germán Robles, Mexican actor * Germán Valdés, Mexican actor, singer, and comedian * Germán Villar, Spanish tenor Humanities and social sciences *Germán Arciniegas, Colombian essayist *Germán Carrera Damas, Venezuelan historian * Germán Cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Vigón (general)
Juan Vigón Suerodíaz, Marquis of Vigón (30 October 1880, Colunga – 25 May 1955, Madrid) was a Spanish general who fought in the Spanish Civil War for the Nationalist faction. Biography Vigón was born in Colunga, Asturias, Spain. Before the war he was chosen by King Alfonso XIII to educate his sons, which he did from November 1925 to 1930. At the beginning of the Second Spanish Republic (14 April 1931) he left the Spanish Army due to his monarchist sympathies. With just a brief return to the army during the Revolution of 1934, he kept out of the army, as lieutenant-colonel in reserve, until the Spanish Civil War broke out on 18 July 1936. In Argentina at the outbreak of the war, he returned to Spain where his first military position was as Chief of Staff of Colonel Alfonso Beorlegui Canet, in the Campaign of Gipuzkoa. Later on he was nominated as Staff Colonel during the Battle of Bilbao and was the architect of the War in the North as a member of the General Staff. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolfo Prada
Adolfo Prada Vaquero (1883–1962) was a military officer of the Spanish Army. He remained loyal to the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War. In December 1936, Prada led a division in the Second Battle of the Corunna Road. In August 1937 he led an Army corps in Cantabria, and on August 29 he was appointed supreme commander of the Republican Army of the North (60,000 men), replacing General Gámir. He tried to reorganize the Republican forces and shot three brigade commanders in order to maintain discipline. However, he could not stop the Nationalist offensive against Asturias and on October 18 he fled from Asturias in order to avoid capture by the Nationalists. On 7 November 1937 he was made commander of the newly established Andalusian Army, a post he held until 14 March 1938. Following the disaster of the Battle of Merida pocket he was made commander of the Extremaduran Army on 31 July 1938, replacing Colonel Ricardo Burillo who had been abruptly dismissed.Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eloy Fernández Navamuel
Eloy or Eloi may refer to: *Eloy, Arizona, a city in the United States *Eloy (band), a German progressive rock band * ''Eloy'' (album), the 1971 debut album of the band * ''Eloy'' (film), a 1969 Argentine film *Eloi, a fictional race in H. G. Wells' science fiction novel ''The Time Machine'' *Eloi (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname *Eloy (given name) *Eloy (surname) Eloy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *, (1868–1945), French journalist and painter * Albert Eloy (1892–1947), French footballer * Albert Eloy (1927–2008), French footballer * Jean-Claude Éloy (born 1938), French compos ... See also * Elois, a given name {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Gómez-Jordana Sousa
Francisco Gómez-Jordana y Sousa, 1st Count de Jordana (1 February 1876 – 3 August 1944), was a Spanish soldier and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs during the rule of Francisco Franco. Early life Born in Madrid, the son of an officer who went on to become a General and the High Military Commissioner of Spain in Morocco, Gómez-Jordana enrolled as a student at Spain's "Academia General Militar" (Military General Academy) in Zaragoza in 1892. Early career During the Cuban War of Independence, he went to Cuba as a second lieutenant, where he was wounded on 23 November 1896. After returning to Spain, he became a captain at the Escuela Superior de Guerra ("Higher School for the Conduct of War") in Madrid. In 1911, he went to Melilla, a historical Spanish stronghold in North Africa since 1497, and he joined his father, Colonel Francisco Gómez Jordana. The younger Gómez-Jordana became a lieutenant colonel in 1912 and a colonel in 1915. From 9 July 1915 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sectarianism
Sectarianism is a debated concept. Some scholars and journalists define it as pre-existing fixed communal categories in society, and use it to explain political, cultural, or Religious violence, religious conflicts between groups. Others conceive of sectarianism as a set of social practices where daily life is organized on the basis of communal norms and rules that individuals strategically use and transcend. This definition highlights the co-constitutive aspect of sectarianism and people's agency, as opposed to understanding sectarianism as being fixed and incompatible communal boundaries. While sectarianism is often labelled as religious or political, the reality of a sectarian situation is usually much more complex. In its most basic form, sectarianism has been defined as, 'the existence, within a locality, of two or more divided and actively competing communal identities, resulting in a strong sense of dualism which unremittingly transcends commonality, and is both culturally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
