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Michel Debré
Michel Jean-Pierre Debré (; 15 January 1912 – 2 August 1996) was the first Prime Minister of the French Fifth Republic. He is considered the "father" of the current Constitution of France. He served under President Charles de Gaulle from 1959 to 1962. In terms of political personality, Debré was intense and immovable and had a tendency to rhetorical extremism. Early life Debré was born in Paris, the son of Jeanne-Marguerite (Debat-Ponsan) and Robert Debré, a well-known professor of medicine, who is today considered by many to be the founder of modern pediatrics. His maternal grandfather was academic painter Édouard Debat-Ponsan. Debré's father was Jewish, and his grandfather was a rabbi. Debré himself was Roman Catholic. He studied at the Lycée Montaigne and then at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand, obtained a diploma from the École Libre des Sciences Politiques, and a PhD in Law from the University of Paris. He then became a Professor of Law at the University of Paris. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style (manner of address), style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime, although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office. Generally people addressed as ''Excellency'' are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics, and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations. Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.. While not a title of office itself, the honorific ''Excellency'' precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form ''His'' or ''Her Excellency''; in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montlouis-sur-Loire
Montlouis-sur-Loire (, literally ''Montlouis on Loire'') is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France. It was mentioned in the 6th century as ''vicus montis Laudiacensis'' by Gregory of Tours. Population Events Since 1987, the city hosts the month of September Jazz Festival in Touraine. In 2010, more than 20,000 people, 5 over a period of 10 days. To organize this event, an association was created in 1990 so that the festival can take its autonomy vis-à-vis the municipality. Today, about 200 volunteers involved in the organization. Sights * Chateau of Bourdaisière: It currently houses the Conservatory of tomato (about 500 varieties). * St. Lawrence Church: The original building was replaced late XI- XII start a single-nave church, which still remain the base of the tower and the choir vaulted in cul-de-four. The inscription "French Republic" was performed on the facade to 1881. On the left gable is visible a graffito of a barge, ex- voto Petty dating f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commissioner Of The Republic (Provisional Government)
Commissioners of the Republic (''commissaires de la République'') or Regional Commissioners of the Republic (CRR) were tasked with the restoration of republican legality during the Liberation of France from 1944 until March 22, 1946. Also referred to as Regional Commissaires of the Republic (''CRR''), they represented General de Gaulle, the leader of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (''GPRF''). Most of them came from the Free France movement, with some from the French Resistance. They held a rank equivalent to that of a minister (like other commissioners of the GPRF) within the ''GPRF'' and reported only to General de Gaulle. Purpose Their mission was to restore republican legality and state authority, prevent any power vacuum, and avoid the establishment of an Allied military administration (see AMGOT). The Commissaires were responsible for reinstating democratic laws, curbing the spontaneous violence of the épurations sauvage (wild purges), and ens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lawyer
A lawyer is a person who is qualified to offer advice about the law, draft legal documents, or represent individuals in legal matters. The exact nature of a lawyer's work varies depending on the legal jurisdiction and the legal system, as well as the lawyer's area of practice. In many jurisdictions, the legal profession is divided into various branches — including barristers, solicitors, conveyancers, notaries, canon lawyer — who perform different tasks related to the law. Historically, the role of lawyers can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Greece and Rome. In modern times, the practice of law includes activities such as representing clients in criminal or civil court, advising on business transactions, protecting intellectual property, and ensuring compliance with laws and regulations. Depending on the country, the education required to become a lawyer can range from completing an undergraduate law degree to undergoing postgraduate education and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Paris
The University of Paris (), known Metonymy, metonymically as the Sorbonne (), was the leading university in Paris, France, from 1150 to 1970, except for 1793–1806 during the French Revolution. Emerging around 1150 as a corporation associated with the cathedral school of Paris, it was considered the List of medieval universities, second-oldest university in Europe.Charles Homer Haskins: ''The Rise of Universities'', Henry Holt and Company, 1923, p. 292. Officially chartered in 1200 by Philip II of France, King Philip II and recognised in 1215 by Pope Innocent III, it was nicknamed after its theological College of Sorbonne, founded by Robert de Sorbon and chartered by King Louis IX around 1257. Highly reputed internationally for its academic performance in the humanities ever since the Middle Ages – particularly in theology and philosophy – it introduced academic standards and traditions that have endured and spread, such as Doctor (title), doctoral degrees and student nations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sciences Po
Sciences Po () or Sciences Po Paris, also known as the Paris Institute of Political Studies (), is a public research university located in Paris, France, that holds the status of ''grande école'' and the legal status of . The university's undergraduate program is taught on the Paris campus as well as on the decentralized campuses in Dijon, Le Havre, Menton, Nancy, France, Nancy, Poitiers and Reims, each with their own academic program focused on a geopolitical part of the world. While Sciences Po historically specialized in political science, it progressively expanded to other social sciences such as economics, law and sociology. The school was established in 1872 by Émile Boutmy as the ''École libre des sciences politiques'' in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War as a private institution to form a new French elite that would be knowledgeable in political science, law and history. It was a pioneer in the emergence and development of political science as an academic fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Louis Debré
Jean-Louis Debré (; 30 September 1944 – 4 March 2025) was a French judge and politician who served as President of the National Assembly from 2002 to 2007 and President of the Constitutional Council from 2007 to 2016.CV on the National Assembly website (in French). He was from 1995 until 1997 during the of . From 2016 until his death, he was P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Debré
Bernard Debré (30 September 194413 September 2020) was a French Urology, urologist at Hôpital Cochin and a member (Deputy (France), deputy) of the National Assembly of France. He was one of the representatives of the city of Paris, and was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. He is a son of Anne-Marie Lemaresquier and politician Michel Debré, who was Prime Minister of France, and twin-brother of Jean-Louis Debré. Biography Bernard Debré attended the Cours Hattemer, a private school. He died from cancer on 13 September 2020 in Paris at the age of 75. His brother François Debré, François died on the next day. References 1944 births 2020 deaths Knights of the Legion of Honour Councillors of Paris Deaths from cancer in France Deputies of the 13th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 14th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic French people of Jewish descent French urologists Mayors of places in Centre-Val de Loire Phys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Debré
François Debré (3 April 1942 – 14 September 2020) was a French writer and journalist. Winner of the Albert Londres Prize in 1977, he was a member of the Société des gens de lettres. Biography The second son of Prime Minister Michel Debré and his wife, Anne-Marie Lemaresquier, François was also the brother of Vincent, Jean-Louis, and Bernard. Additionally, he was the grandson of Robert Debré and the nephew of Olivier Debré. After studying law and eastern languages, he joined the magazine ''Afrique contemporaine'' in 1966 before becoming a freelance journalist in 1968. Between 1968 and 1977, he covered numerous conflicts around the world. He worked in Biafra for ''Le Monde'', and in Cambodia and Vietnam for ''L'Obs'' and ''Le Point''. In 1968, he won the Prix de la critique indépendante for his essay on the Nigerian Civil War. Debré was regarded as one of the most talented reporters of his generation. In the early 1970s, he worked on numerous reports for TF1, Ante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rally For The Republic
The Rally for the Republic ( ; RPR ) was a Gaullist and conservative political party in France. Originating from the Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), it was founded by Jacques Chirac in 1976 and presented itself as the heir of Gaullist politics. It was one of the two major parties in French politics, alongside the Socialist Party. On 21 September 2002, the RPR was merged into the Union for the Presidential Majority, later renamed the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). History The defense of the Gaullist identity against President Giscard d'Estaing (1976–1981) In 1974, the divisions in the Gaullist movement permitted the election of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing to the Presidency of the French Republic. Representing the pro-European and pseudo- Orleanist centre-right, he was the first non-Gaullist to become head of state since the beginning of the Fifth Republic in 1958. However, the Gaullist Party remained the main force in parliament and Jacques Chirac was appo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Democrats For The Republic
The Union for the Defence of the Republic ( ), after 1968 renamed Union of Democrats for the Republic ( ), commonly abbreviated UDR, was a Gaullism, Gaullist List of political parties in France, political party of France that existed from 1967 to 1976. The UDR was the successor to Charles de Gaulle's earlier party, the Rally of the French People, and was organised in 1958, along with the founding of the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic as the Union for the New Republic (UNR), and in 1962 merged with the Democratic Union of Labour, a left-wing Gaullist group. In 1967 it was joined by some Christian Democrats to form the Union of Democrats for the Fifth Republic, later dropping the 'Fifth'. After the May 1968 in France, May 1968 crisis, it formed a right-wing coalition named Union for the Defense of the Republic (UDR); it was subsequently renamed Union of Democrats for the Republic, retaining the abbreviation UDR, in October 1968. Under de Gaulle's successor Georges Pompidou i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union For The New Republic (France)
The Union for the New Republic (, , UNR) was a Gaullist political party in France, formed in support of Charles de Gaulle in the 1958 elections. History The UNR won 189 of 466 seats in the November 1958 elections. In 1962, the UNR grouped with the Gaullist Democratic Union of Labour (French: ''Union démocratique du travail, UDT'') to form the UNR-UDT. They won 233 seats out of 482, slightly less than an absolute majority. 35 Independent Republicans boosted their support. In 1967, UNR candidates ran under the title Union of Democrats for the Fifth Republic (''Union des démocrates pour la Ve République, UD-Ve''), winning 200 out of 486 seats. The UNR was renamed Union for the Defense of the Republic in 1967, and later Union of Democrats for the Republic in 1971. Secretaries General of the UNR * Roger Frey, 1958–1959 * Albin Chalandon, 1959 * Jacques Richard, 1959–1961 * Roger Dusseaulx, 1961–1962 * Louis Terrenoire, 1962 * Jacques Baumel, 1962–1967 * Rob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
