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Michał Kleofas Ogiński
Michał Kleofas Ogiński (25 September 1765 – 15 October 1833) was a Polish diplomat and politician, Grand Treasurer of Lithuania, and a senator of Tsar Alexander I. He was also a composer of late Classical and early Romantic music. Early life It is claimed by some sources that Ogiński was born in Guzów in Mazovia (west of Warsaw) in the Kingdom of Poland. Nevertheless, in 2025 Lithuanian researchers found records in metrics of the Salantai Church of the Assumption where it is stated that Ogiński was born in the surroundings of Salantai (present-day Kretinga District Municipality of Lithuania) and was baptized in the Salantai Church of the Assumption. His father, Andrzej, was a Polish- Lithuanian nobleman from the Ogiński family and Trakai governor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Hence, some sources indicate that Michał Ogiński was Lithuanian. His mother, Paulina Szembek (1740–1797), was the daughter of Polish magnate, Marek Szembek, whose ancestors were Austr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Xavier Fabre
François-Xavier Fabre (; 1 April 1766 – 16 March 1837) was a French painter of historical subjects. Born in Montpellier, Fabre was a pupil of Jacques-Louis David, and made his name by winning the in 1787. During the French Revolution, Fabre went to live in Florence, becoming a member of the Florentine Academy of Fine Arts, Florentine Academy, where he taught painting. The friends he made in Italy included the dramatist, Vittorio Alfieri, whose widow, Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern, Countess of Albany, he is said to have married. On Louise's death in 1824, he inherited her fortune, which he used to found an art school in his home town. On his own death, he bequeathed his own art collection to the town, forming the basis of the Musée Fabre. Fabre began his training in Montpellier's art academy, where he spent several years prior to joining Jacques-Louis David's studio in Paris. His studies were paid for by the financier and art collector, Philippe-Laurent de Jouber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baptism
Baptism (from ) is a Christians, Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water. It may be performed by aspersion, sprinkling or affusion, pouring water on the head, or by immersion baptism, immersing in water either partially or completely, traditionally three times, once for each person of the Trinity. The synoptic gospels recount that John the Baptist baptism of Jesus, baptized Jesus., , Baptism is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance (Christian), ordinance in others. Baptism according to the Trinitarian formula, which is done in most mainstream Christian denominations, is seen as being a basis for Christian ecumenism, the concept of unity amongst Christians. Baptism is also called christening, although some reserve the word "christening" for the Infant baptism, baptism of infants. In certain Christian denominations, such as the Catholic Churches, Eastern Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Assyrian Church of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Viotti
Giovanni Battista Viotti (12 May 1755 – 3 March 1824) was an Italian violinist whose virtuosity was famed and whose work as a composer featured a prominent violin and an appealing lyrical tunefulness. He was also a director of French and Italian opera companies in Paris and London. He personally knew Joseph Haydn and Ludwig van Beethoven. Biography Viotti was born at Fontanetto Po in the Kingdom of Sardinia (today in the province of Vercelli, Piedmont, Italy). For his musical talent, he was taken into the household of principe Alfonso dal Pozzo della Cisterna in Turin, where he received a musical education that prepared him to be a pupil of Gaetano Pugnani. He served at the Savoia court in Turin, 1773–80, then toured as a soloist, at first with Pugnani, before going to Paris alone, where he made his début at the Concert Spirituel, 17 March 1782. He was an instant sensation and served for a time at Versailles before founding a new opera house, the Théâtre de Monsieur in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Kozłowski
Józef Kozłowski (, also or ; 1757/1759 – ) was a Russian composer of Polish origin. Biography For the most part of his life Józef Kozłowski was attached to the Russian Imperial Court, for which he wrote most of his music. In Russia he became popular especially for his patriotic polonaises. Sources vary as to Kozłowski's time and place of birth. The Polish academia traditionally considers him as a native of Warsaw, born on 10 September 1759. According to the ''Encyclopedia of Literature and Art of Belarus'' (1985), he was born in 1757 in Kozlovichi manor near Propoysk (modern Slawharad, Belarus). Author of encyclopedia entry V. D. Bobrovsky based his claim on the data from a metric book he found in Sokolovo, Slawharad District. An obituary in '' Northern Bee'', presumably written by Thaddeus Bulgarin, described Kozłowski as a "descendant of Belarusian nobility." Kozłowski's uncle, Vasily Fyodorovich Trutovsky (a famous hussler in his time), noticing his nephew's mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Age Of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was a Europe, European Intellect, intellectual and Philosophy, philosophical movement active from the late 17th to early 19th century. Chiefly valuing knowledge gained through rationalism and empiricism, the Enlightenment was concerned with a wide range of social and Politics, political ideals such as natural law, liberty, and progress, toleration and fraternity (philosophy), fraternity, constitutional government, and the formal separation of church and state. The Enlightenment was preceded by and overlapped the Scientific Revolution, which included the work of Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, Francis Bacon, Pierre Gassendi, Christiaan Huygens and Isaac Newton, among others, as well as the philosophy of Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, and John Locke. The dating of the period of the beginning of the Enlightenment can be attributed to the publication of René Descartes' ''Discourse on the Method'' in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michał Kazimierz Ogiński
Michał Kazimierz Ogiński ( – ) was a Polish nobleman, politician, musician, composer and military officer. Biography He began his political career at the age of 18, when he became the Field Writer of Lithuania, a mid-level position in the administration of the State. In 1764 he became one of Russia's candidates for the Polish throne. When Stanisław August Poniatowski was chosen instead, he was made Palatine (or Voïvode) of Vilnius. In 1768 he was nominated to the rank of the Grand Hetman of Lithuania, thus becoming one of two highest-ranking military commanders in the Polish–Lithuanian state. He later joined the anti-Russian Bar Confederation. After some initial successes, he was defeated in September 1771 by the Russian forces under Alexander Suvorov in the Battle of Stołowicze, forcing him into exile, notably in Paris between 1772 and 1774, and his properties were confiscated. He was allowed to return in 1774, and three years later Russia returned some of his proper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Słonim
Slonim is a town in Grodno Region, in western Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slonim District. It is located at the junction of the Shchara and Isa rivers, southeast of Grodno. As of 2025, it has a population of 48,402. Etymology and historical names Slonim has been known by several versions of its name as spoken by speakers of various languages: Сло́нім ( Belarusian), Słonim ( Polish), Сло́ним (Russian). Slonim was first mentioned by scribes in chronicles in 1252 as ''Uslonim'' and in 1255 as ''Vslonim''. According to one account (which is also considered by some to be an official one), the name of the city originates from the Slavic word ''zaslona'' (a screen), implying that the city once functioned as an outpost at the southern border of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Another version, proposed by Jazep Stabroŭski, states that "Slonim" derives from 'Užslenimas', which in Lithuanian means "beyond the valley". History Middle Ages Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolimów
Bolimów is a town in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the Gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Bolimów. It lies approximately north of Skierniewice and north-east of the regional capital Łódź. The town has a population of 930. It gives its name to the protected area known as Bolimów Landscape Park. History Its history dates back to at least 1370, when it was already considered a town. It was a royal town of Poland until the Partitions of Poland. Since 1815, it was located in the Russian Partition. Around 1870, it was one of many towns deprived of its town rights by the Russians as a punishment for the Polish January Uprising. It was the place where gas weapons were used for the first time, during First World War, when on 31 January 1915, during the Battle of Bolimów, the German Army shelled Russian army positions with xylyl bromide, a tear gas; the attack was relatively unsuccessful due to low temperature which prev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz is a city in northern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Kuyavia. Straddling the confluence of the Vistula River and its bank (geography), left-bank tributary, the Brda (river), Brda, the strategic location of Bydgoszcz has made it an inland port and a vital centre for trade and transportation. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021, Bydgoszcz is the eighth-largest city in Poland. Today, it is the seat of Bydgoszcz County and one of the two capitals of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship as a seat of its centrally appointed governor, a voivode. Bydgoszcz metropolitan area comprising the city and several adjacent communities is inhabited by half a million people, and forms a part of an extended polycentric Bydgoszcz-Toruń metropolitan area with a population of approximately 0.8 million inhabitants. Since the Middle Ages, Bydgoszcz served as a Royal city in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, royal city of the Crown of the Kingdom of Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szembek
Szembek or originally von Schönbeck is the name of an old Polish noble family of German origin, whose members held significant positions in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History First mentioned at the beginning of the 14th century, the family name was originally von Schönbeck and came to Kraków from the Altmark, Germany. Accepted into the nobility of the Holy Roman Empire in the 16th century, members of the family held numerous high secular and ecclesiastical offices, particularly under the Saxon Kings of Poland. At the beginning of the 19th century, one branch elevated to the rank of Count in the Kingdom of Prussia. Notable members * Jadwiga Szembekówna (1883–1939), Polish archeologist and ethnographer, writer and social activist * Jan Szembek (1672–1731), Grand Chancellor of the Polish Crown * Jan Szembek (1881–1945), Polish diplomat * Krzysztof Antoni Szembek (1667–1748), Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland *Stanisław Szembek (1650–1721), C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnate
The term magnate, from the late Latin ''magnas'', a great man, itself from Latin ''magnus'', "great", means a man from the higher nobility, a man who belongs to the high office-holders or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities in Western Christian countries since the medieval period. It also includes the members of the higher clergy, such as bishops, archbishops and cardinals. In reference to the medieval, the term is often used to distinguish higher territorial landowners and warlords, such as counts, earls, dukes, and territorial-princes from the baronage. In Poland the ''szlachta'' (nobles) constituted one of the largest proportions of the population (around 10-12%) and 'magnat' refers to the richest nobles, or nobles of the nobility - even though they had equal voting rights in Poland's electoral monarchy. England In England, the magnate class went through a change in the later Middle Ages. It had previously consisted of all tenants-in-chie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trakai
Trakai (; see Trakai#Names and etymology, names section for alternative and historic names) is a city and lake resort in Lithuania. It lies west of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania or just from the administrative limits of the Lithuanian capital city. Because of its proximity to Vilnius, Trakai is a popular tourist destination. Trakai is the administrative centre of Trakai district municipality. The city is inhabited by 5,357© Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania M3010210: Population at the beginning of the year. people, according to 2007 estimates. A notable feature of Trakai is that the city was built and preserved by people of different nationalities. Historically, communities of Crimean Karaites, Karaims, Lipka Tatars, Tatars, Lith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
