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Michael Durham
Michael Durham was a Scottish courtier and physician to James V of Scotland. His family was from Grange at Monifieth near Dundee. Death of a king Durham took his first degree at the University of St Andrews. He attended James V at Falkland Palace during his final illness in December 1542. He was a witness to the king's will, a legal document made at Falkland appointing tutors for Mary, Queen of Scots. The document was declared invalid. Regent Arran paid Durham's expenses for his medical work, and gave him a gown furred with Scottish "martrick" or marten fur from the royal wardrobe. At first, according to John Knox, the counsel of Durham and other Protestants was welcomed at the Regent's court. Soon, however, these courtiers were removed. War Michael Durham and his brother Henry Durham were Protestants who sided with England during the war now known as the Rough Wooing. In August 1546, Arran had Michael Durham imprisoned for a time in Edinburgh Castle. Durham then went to London ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James V Of Scotland
James V (10 April 1512 – 14 December 1542) was King of Scotland from 9 September 1513 until his death in 1542. He was crowned on 21 September 1513 at the age of seventeen months. James was the son of King James IV and Margaret Tudor, and during his childhood Scotland was governed by regents, firstly by his mother until she remarried, and then by his second cousin, John, Duke of Albany. James's personal rule began in 1528 when he finally escaped the custody of his stepfather, Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus. His first action was to exile Angus and confiscate the lands of the Douglases. James greatly increased his income by tightening control over royal estates and from the profits of justice, customs and feudal rights. He founded the College of Justice in 1532, and also acted to end lawlessness and rebellion in the Borders and the Hebrides. The rivalry between France, England, and the Holy Roman Empire lent James unwonted diplomatic weight, and saw him secure two politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Pinkie
The Battle of Pinkie, also known as the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh ( , ), took place on 10 September 1547 on the banks of the River Esk near Musselburgh, Scotland. The last pitched battle between Scotland and England before the Union of the Crowns, it was part of the conflict known as the Rough Wooing and is considered to have been the first modern battle in the British Isles. It was a catastrophic defeat for Scotland, where it became known as "Black Saturday".Phillips, p. 193 A highly detailed and illustrated English account of the battle and campaign authored by an eyewitness William Patten was published in London as propaganda four months after the battle. Background In the last years of his reign, King Henry VIII of England tried to secure an alliance with Scotland by the marriage of the infant Mary, Queen of Scots, to his young son, the future Edward VI. When diplomacy failed, and Scotland was on the point of an alliance with France, he launched a war against Scotland that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Wotton
Nicholas Wotton (c. 1497 – 26 January 1567) was an English diplomat, cleric and courtier. Life He was a son of Sir Robert Wotton of Boughton Malherbe, Kent, and a descendant of Sir Nicholas Wotton, Lord Mayor of London in 1415 and 1430, who was Member of Parliament for the City from 1406 to 1429. Soon after ordination Wotton was granted the benefices of Boughton Malherbe and of Sutton Valence, and later of Ivychurch, Kent. Desirous of a more worldly career, he entered the service of Prince-Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall, then Bishop of London. Having helped to draw up the ''Institution of a Christian Man'', Wotton in 1539 went to arrange the marriage between Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves and the union of Protestant princes which was to be the complement of this union. Wotton crossed over to England with the new royal bride but, unlike Thomas Cromwell, he did not lose the royal favour when the king repudiated Anne. In 1541, having already refused the bishopric of Hereford, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Of Guise
Mary of Guise (french: Marie de Guise; 22 November 1515 – 11 June 1560), also called Mary of Lorraine, was a French noblewoman of the House of Guise, a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine and one of the most powerful families in France. She was Queen of Scotland from 1538 until 1542, as the second wife of King James V. As the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots, she was a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that marked mid-16th-century Scotland, ruling the kingdom as regent on behalf of her daughter from 1554 until her death in 1560. The eldest of the twelve children born to Claude, Duke of Guise, and Antoinette de Bourbon, in 1534 Mary was married to Louis II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville, the Grand Chamberlain of France. The marriage was arranged by King Francis I of France, but proved shortlived. The Duke of Longueville died in 1537, and the widower kings of England and Scotland, Henry VIII and James V, both sought the Duchess of Longueville's hand. Afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Cleutin
Henri Cleutin, seigneur d'Oisel et de Villeparisis (1515 – 20 June 1566), was the representative of France in Scotland from 1546 to 1560, a Gentleman of the Chamber of the King of France, and a diplomat in Rome 1564-1566 during the French Wars of Religion. Early life Henri was one of five children of Pierre Cleutin, or Clutin, mayor of Paris, and grandson of Henri, both were Councillors to the French Parliament. Labourier, the editor of Castelnau's memoirs, surmises the family had its origins in a cloth merchant who supplied Charles VI of France. Pierre Cleutin acquired the lands of Villeparisis and built a castle, and Henri was made its lord in 1552. Henri may have been destined for the church but was involved in a murder in Paris in 1535 and fled the country. He had a pardon in 1538. On the basis of this incident the historian Marie-Noëlle Baudouin-Matuszek revised his birth date to 1515. Rough Wooing Henri Cleutin, who was usually known as Monsieur d'Oysel, or d'Oisel, be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine De Noailles
Antoine, 1st comte de Noailles (4 September 150411 March 1563) became admiral of France, and was ambassador in England for three years, 1553–1556, maintaining a gallant but unsuccessful rivalry with the Spanish ambassador, Simon Renard. Antoine was the eldest of three brothers who served as French diplomats, three of the 19 children of Louis de Noailles and Catherine de Pierre-Buffière. His career started at the age of 25 with a trip with Francis de la Tour, Viscount of Turenne, to Spain to arrange the marriage of Francis I of France with Eleanor of Austria, and he signed the final marriage contract. He then helped in the Italian wars and two missions to Scotland in 1548. His brothers Gilles and François were clergymen. His wife was Jeanne de Gontaut, who following his death, became a lady-in-waiting to Catherine de Medici. Notes References * * * Attribution: * 1504 births 1562 deaths Antoine, 1st count of Antoine Antoine is a French given name (from the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward VI Of England
Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death in 1553. He was crowned on 20 February 1547 at the age of nine. Edward was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour and the first English monarch to be raised as a Protestant. During his reign, the realm was governed by a regent, regency council because he never reached maturity. The council was first led by his uncle Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (1547–1549), and then by John Dudley, 1st Earl of Warwick (1550–1553), who from 1551 was Duke of Northumberland. Edward's reign was marked by economic problems and social unrest that in 1549 erupted into riot and rebellion. An expensive war with Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, at first successful, ended with military withdrawal from Scotland and Boulogne-sur-Mer in exchange for peace. The transformation of the Church of England into a recognisably Protestant body also occurred under Edward, who took ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assured Scots
Assured Scots were Scottish people who pledged to support English plans for Mary, Queen of Scots to marry Edward VI of England during the war of the Rough Wooing between 1543 and 1550. They took "assurances" and some received English pension money. Their motivations varied, and included favouring amity with England and their Scottish Reformation, support for Protestant faith while Scotland was a Catholic country. Prequel In October 1542, a Scottish army was defeated at battle of Solway Moss near Longtown, Cumbria, Longtown and Sandysike in England. A number of Scottish noblemen and lairds were captured. These gave assurances to Henry VIII, and many were released on licence and sent a substitute family member as a pledge or hostage into captivity in England, after undertaking to support English policy. In March 1544, Henry VIII sent a herald to demand the return to English captivity of a number of these Scottish nobles who were not acting in accord with his wishes. Assured Scots Jam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcus Merriman
Marcus Homer Merriman (1940–2006) was an historian and academic researching Anglo-Scottish relations in the 16th century and their European context. Background Merriman was born in Baltimore on 3 May 1940. Educated at Bowdoin College, Maine, and the University of Grenoble, he spent a year at Edinburgh University, then completed his PhD at the Institute of Historical Research, London University in 1971. Career He spent his working life at Lancaster University as Assistant Lecturer in History (1964–66), Lecturer in History (1966–92) and Senior Lecturer in History (1992–2006). He was also Visiting Professor of History at Queens College, City University of New York and Syracuse University (1969–70), and Visiting Professor at Bowdoin College (1975–6). His published works are mostly concerned with the Anglo-Scottish war of The Rough Wooing which began following negotiations to marry Mary, Queen of Scots to Edward VI of England. He was also Associate Editor of the Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray
Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray (c. 1518 -1584) was a Scottish landowner and Sheriff of Angus, active during the war of the Rough Wooing as a supporter of the Scottish Reformation. Family Patrick Gray was the son of Egidia Mercer and Gilbert Gray of Buttergask (half-brother of Patrick Gray, 3rd Lord Gray), and the grandson of Andrew Gray, 2nd Lord Gray (d. 1514). Patrick became Lord Gray in April 1541, after the death of his uncle. In order to succeed to the Gray lands, as heir of his grandfather, he had to pay 10,000 marks to the Treasury of King James V of Scotland, and was confirmed Lord Gray on 14 September 1542. He was still paying James Hamilton, Regent Arran, in 1543. Patrick Gray firstly married Marion Ogilvy in 1537. Their son was Patrick Gray, 5th Lord Gray (1538–1608). They also had another son, James Gray, who was the second husband of Elizabeth Bethune, a mistress of King James V of Scotland. Their daughter Elizabeth Gray married Laurence Bruce of Cultmalindie, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Brooke (Norton)
Richard Brooke or Broke (died 1569) bought the manor of Norton, near Runcorn, Cheshire from Henry VIII in 1545 following the dissolution of the monasteries. The manor included the former monastery of Norton Priory and also the settlements of Norton, Stockham, Acton Grange and Aston Grange in Cheshire and Cuerdley in Lancashire. Richard Brooke was the younger son of Thomas Brooke of Leighton in Nantwich Hundred (country subdivision), Hundred. In his earlier life he had been a soldier and he was admitted as a Knights Hospitaller, Knight of Malta in 1531. He then became Commander of Mount St. John in Cleveland, England, Cleveland. After the suppression of the Order by Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagr ... circa 1542, he was relieved of his religious vows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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