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Meyer Fürth
Meyer Elkan Fürth () was a German writer and teacher, who belonged to the school of the Me'assefim. He annotated a mathematical work by Abraham Joseph Menz that had appeared in Berlin in 1775, and wrote a number of Hebrew and German works. Publications * * * A commentary on the ''Sefer ibronot'', with German translation. * Moses Mendelssohn's '' Phädon'', with a commentary in refutation of Mendelssohn's views. * A polemic against the Reform movement. * * * A polemic against Joseph Wolf and Gotthold Salomon Gotthold Salomon (born as Schlomo Salman ben Lippmann haLewi; November 1, 1784 in Sandersleben (Anhalt-Dessau) – November 17, 1862 in Hamburg) was a German Jewish rabbi, politician and Bible translator. Following on the work of Moses Mendelsso ...'s book ''Der Charakter des Judenthums'', and against the latter's ''Selimas Stunden der Weihe'', in Judæo-German. * A portion of the preceding work in German. * A commentary to Maimonides' '' Hilkhot kiddush ha-ḥode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Me'assefim
The Me'assefim () were a group of Hebrew writers who between 1784 and 1811 published their works in the periodical ''Ha-Me'assef'' (), which they had founded. History In 1782 Moses Mendelssohn's German translation of the Pentateuch had appeared. In the ''bi'ur'' or commentary which he added to this translation, he dwelt on the beauty of the Hebrew language, its wealth of imagery, and its adaptability for poetic expression. By his comments on scripture, also, he largely stimulated Hebrew, grammatical, and exegetic studies. The seeds he thus scattered bore fruit even in his lifetime. While reading and discussing Mendelssohn's scriptural expositions, Isaac Abraham Euchel and Mendel Bresslau, who were at that time tutoring in the house of David Friedländer at Königsberg, conceived the idea of causing Hebrew as a literary language to be used more widely among the Jews. Assured of the material support of Simon and Samuel Friedländer, they issued in the spring of 1783 an appeal to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Joseph Menz
Abraham Joseph ben Simon Wolf Menz () was an eighteenth century rabbi and mathematician at Frankfurt. He wrote an elementary textbook on mathematics entitled ''Reshit Limmudim'', in three parts: ''Kelale handasah'', the general rules of algebra; ''Yesodot ha-gematriot'', the elements of geometry; and ''Yesod ha-tekunah'', on astronomy Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest includ .... Only the first part was published (Berlin, 1775). References 18th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire 18th-century German mathematicians Jewish scientists Rabbis from Frankfurt {{mathematician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moses Mendelssohn
Moses Mendelssohn (6 September 1729 – 4 January 1786) was a German-Jewish philosopher and theologian. His writings and ideas on Jews and the Jewish religion and identity were a central element in the development of the ''Haskalah'', or 'Jewish Enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Born to a poor Jewish family in Dessau, Principality of Anhalt, and originally destined for a rabbinical career, Mendelssohn educated himself in German thought and literature. Through his writings on philosophy and religion he came to be regarded as a leading cultural figure of his time by both Christian and Jewish inhabitants of German-speaking Europe and beyond. His involvement in the Berlin textile industry formed the foundation of his family's wealth. His descendants include the composers Fanny and Felix Mendelssohn; Felix's son, chemist Paul Mendelssohn Bartholdy; Fanny's grandsons, Paul and Kurt Hensel; and the founders of the Mendelssohn & Co. banking house. Lif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaedon
''Phaedon'' (), published in 1767, is a book by the Jewish Enlightenment philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, in which Mendelssohn offers a defense of immortality. Summary ''Phaedon'' is a defense of the simplicity and immortality of the soul. The full title of the work is ''Phaedon, or on the Immortality of the Soul'', but is also known as ''Phaedon, or the Death of Socrates''. Mendelssohn wrote the book after the death of his friend Thomas Abbt. Abbt had introduced him to Plato's work, the Phaedo, and he decided to bring this work into the contemporary world. The book is dedicated to Abbt. ''Phaedon'' is a series of three dialogues in which Socrates argues for the immortality of the soul, in preparation for his own death. He published about a third of the original text unaltered and updated the other two thirds, as well as simplifying some passages for lay readers. Many philosophers, including Plotinus, René Descartes, and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, argued that the soul is s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform Judaism
Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish religious movements, Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its Jewish ethics, ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous revelation which is closely intertwined with human reason and not limited to the Theophany at Mount Sinai (Bible), Mount Sinai. A highly Religious liberalism, liberal strand of Judaism, it is characterized by little stress on ritual and personal observance, regarding Jewish law as non-binding and the individual Jew as autonomous, and by a great openness to external influences and Progressivism, progressive values. The origins of Reform Judaism lie in German Confederation, mid-19th-century Germany, where Rabbi Abraham Geiger and his associates formulated its early principles, attempting to harmonize Jewish tradition with modern sensibilities in the age of Jewish emancipation, emancipation. Brought to Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gotthold Salomon
Gotthold Salomon (born as Schlomo Salman ben Lippmann haLewi; November 1, 1784 in Sandersleben (Anhalt-Dessau) – November 17, 1862 in Hamburg) was a German Jewish rabbi, politician and Bible translator. Following on the work of Moses Mendelssohn, Salomon was the first Jew to translate the complete ''Old Testament'' into High German, under the title ''Deutsche Volks- und Schulbibel für Israeliten'' (1837) ("German People's and School Bible for Israelites"). He served as preacher in the Hamburg Temple, and partook in the public dispute around it in 1841. References External links Digitized works by Gotthold Salomonat the Leo Baeck Institute, New York The Leo Baeck Institute New York (LBI) is a research institute in New York City dedicated to the study of German-Jewish history and culture, founded in 1955. It is one of three independent research centers founded by a group of German-speaking J ... 1784 births 1862 deaths Translators of the Bible into German Levites ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mishneh Torah
The ''Mishneh Torah'' (), also known as ''Sefer Yad ha-Hazaka'' (), is a code of Rabbinic Jewish religious law (''halakha'') authored by Maimonides (Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon/Rambam). The ''Mishneh Torah'' was compiled between 1170 and 1180 CE (4930 and 4940 AM), while Maimonides was living in Egypt, and is regarded as Maimonides' '' magnum opus''. Accordingly, later sources simply refer to the work as "''Maimon''", "''Maimonides''", or "''RaMBaM''", although Maimonides composed other works. ''Mishneh Torah'' consists of fourteen books, subdivided into sections, chapters, and paragraphs. It is the only medieval-era work that details all of Jewish observance, including those laws that are only applicable when the Temple in Jerusalem is in existence, and remains an important work in Judaism. Its title is an appellation originally used for the Biblical book of Deuteronomy, and its moniker, "Book of the Strong Hand", derives from its subdivision into fourteen books: the numerical v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century German Educators
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
