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Marițica Bibescu
Marițica Bibescu, born Maria Văcărescu, also known as Marițica Ghica (August 1, 1815 – September 27, 1859), was the List of rulers of Wallachia, Princess-consort of Wallachia between September 1845 and June 1848. A Boyars of Wallachia and Moldavia, boyaress by birth, she belonged to the Văcărescu family. Her father Nicolae, her grandfather Ienăchiță Văcărescu, Ienăchiță and her uncle Alecu Văcărescu, Alecu were politicians and professional writers; Marițica herself was an unpublished poet. She was orphaned as a child, but was looked after by her relatives and her family friends, including Prince Alexandru II Ghica and philanthropist Zoe Brâncoveanu. Described by period sources as exceptionally beautiful, if also vain and ambitious, she married in 1834 the Prince's brother, ''Spatharios'' Costache Ghica. Her adoptive clan, the Ghica family, Ghicas, remained the leading Wallachian family until late 1842, when Alexandru II was deposed by the Ottoman Empire. Marițic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carol Szathmari
Carol Szathmari (Romanian: Carol Popp de Szathmari, Hungarian: Szathmáry Pap Károly; 11 January 1812, Kolozsvár – 3 July 1887, Bucharest) was a Romania, Romanian painter, lithographer, and photographer of Hungarians, Transylvanian Hungarian origin, who was based in Bucharest from the age of 18 until his death. He is seen as the founder of the Romanian photography. He is also considered the world's first combat photographer for his pictures of the battlefield taken during the first year of the History of the Russo-Turkish wars, Russo-Turkish war, later known as the Crimean War. Life Szathmari was born in the city of Kolozsvár, Transylvania (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), in 1812. Initially, he studied law at the Reformed College in Cluj. By the age of eighteen he had moved to Bucharest. He studied painting from 1832 to 1834 in Rome, and on returning to Bucharest he was frequently commissioned to create paintings for the Wallachian boyars. He would later go on to achieve notor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoe Brâncoveanu
Zoe or variants may refer to: People * Zoe (name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the name ** Zoë (British singer) (Zoë Pollock, born 1969) ** Zoë (Austrian singer) (Zoë Straub, born 1996) Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Zoe'' (film), a 2018 American romantic science fiction film * Zoé (film), a 1954 French comedy film * ZOE Broadcasting Network, in the Philippines ** ZOE TV, its flagship TV station * '' Zoe, Duncan, Jack and Jane'', later ''Zoe...'', an American sitcom Music * Zoé (band), a rock band from Mexico * Zoë Records, an independent record label * ''Zoe'', an operetta by Giorgio Miceli (1836–1895) * ''Zoë'' (album), by Zoë Badwi, 2011 * "Zoe" (song), by Paganini Traxx, 1997 * "Zoe", a song by Stereophonics from the 2013 album ''Graffiti on the Train'' * "Zoe", a song by Paul Kelly from the 2020 album ''The A to Z Recordings'' Other media * Zooey Magazine, American quarterly Places * Zoe, Kentucky, a t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Council (Ottoman Empire)
The Imperial Council or Imperial Divan (), was the '' de facto'' cabinet of the Ottoman Empire for most of its history. Initially an informal gathering of the senior ministers presided over by the Sultan in person, in the mid-15th century the Council's composition and function became firmly regulated. The Grand vizier, who became the Sultan's deputy as the head of government, assumed the role of chairing the Council, which comprised also the other viziers, charged with military and political affairs, the two '' kadi'askers'' or military judges, the '' defterdars'' in charge of finances, the '' nişancı'' in charge of the palace scribal service, and later the Kapudan Pasha, the head of the Ottoman Navy, and occasionally the ''beylerbey'' of Rumelia and the Agha of the Janissaries. The Council met in a dedicated building in the Second Courtyard of the Topkapi Palace, initially daily, then for four days a week by the 16th century. Its remit encompassed all matters of governance of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meletius III Of Constantinople
Meletius III of Constantinople (; 1772 - 28 November 1845) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 18 April 1845 until his death several months later on 28 November. He was born at the island of Kea The kea ( ; ; ''Nestor notabilis'') is a species of large parrot in the Family (biology), family Strigopidae that is endemic to the forested and alpine regions of the South Island of New Zealand. About long, it is mostly olive-green, with br ... in 1772. Notes and references 1772 births 1845 deaths 19th-century ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople People from Kea (island) {{EasternOrthodoxy-bishop-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germanus IV Of Constantinople
Germanus IV of Constantinople (; 1788 – 16 September 1853) served two terms as Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, from 1842 to 1845 and from 1852 until his death on 16 September 1853. In 1826–1830, he was bishop of Vidin, then bishop of Drama Drama is the specific Mode (literature), mode of fiction Mimesis, represented in performance: a Play (theatre), play, opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on Radio drama, radio or television.Elam (1980, 98). Considered as a g ... until 1835, when he was appointed bishop of Derkoi. He was elected to the patriarchal throne for the first time in 1842 and held the post until 1845 when he was succeeded by Meletius III of Constantinople. Restored to the throne in 1852, he occupied it until his death the next year. During his patriarchy, he especially took care of the poor. He founded many churches, schools, libraries and orphanages. His name was particularly associated with the education of the Orthodox clergy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecumenical Patriarch Of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople () is the List of ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople, archbishop of Constantinople and (first among equals) among the heads of the several autocephalous churches that comprise the Eastern Orthodox Church. The ecumenical patriarch is regarded as the representative and spiritual leader of the Eastern Orthodox Christians worldwide. The term ''ecumenical'' in the title is a historical reference to the Ecumene, a Greek designation for the civilised world, i.e. the Roman Empire, and it stems from Canon 28 of the Council of Chalcedon. The patriarch's Episcopal see, see, the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, is one of the most enduring institutions in the world and has had a prominent part in world history. The ecumenical patriarchs in ancient times helped in the spread of Christianity and the resolution of various doctrinal disputes. In the Middle Ages, they played a major role in the affairs of the Eastern Orthodox Church, as w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neofit II
Neophyte II (, secular name Neofit Gianoglu, ; 1 January 1787 – 14 January 1850) was the Romanian Orthodox Metropolitan of Ungro-Wallachia (1840–1849), and a participant in the Wallachian Revolution of 1848. Biography He was born in Bucharest in 1787. He was ordained hierodeacon in 1818, hieromonk on 29 March 1824 and archimandrite on 5 April 1824. He became Abbot of the Sfântul Gheorghe Nou Monastery in Bucharest, was elected Bishop of Râmnicu on 18 April 1824, and on 20 April he was ordained bishop by Gregory IV, the Teacher, Metropolitan of Ungro-Wallachia. He agreed to be vicar of the Metropolitanate from February 1829 to 22 August 1833, while Gregory IV was exiled in Russia and also after his death on 22 June between 1834 and 1840. From 29 June 1840 to 27 July 1849, he was officially appointed Metropolitan of Ungro-Wallachia. In 1831 he became a member of the Extraordinary Public Revision Assembly and was appointed president of the Royal Divan. During the Wallach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metropolis Of Muntenia And Dobrudja
The Metropolis of Wallachia and Dobruja, headquartered in Bucharest, Romania, is a Metropolis (religious jurisdiction), metropolis of the Romanian Orthodox Church. History The Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia was established in 1359 by Patriarch Callistus I of Constantinople, Callistus I, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, encompassing the territory of Wallachia. In 1872, the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia united with the Metropolis of Moldavia and Bukovina, Metropolis of Moldavia to form the Romanian Orthodox Church. The Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia, who received the title of Primate Metropolitan in 1865, became the head of the General Synod of the Romanian Orthodox Church. In 1990, it became Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobruja. List of metropolitans * Đorđe Branković, Maxim (1508–1512) * Macarie II (1512–1521) * Ilarion II (1521–1523) ** ''vacancy'' (1523–1525) * Teodor II (1525–1533) * Mitrofan I (1533–1535) * Varlaam I (1535–1544) * Anania (1544–1558) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihail Sturdza
Prince Mihail Sturdza (24 April 1794 – 8 May 1884), sometimes anglicized as Michael Stourdza, was prince ruler of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. He was cousin of Princess Roxandra Sturdza and Prince Alexandru Sturdza. Early life He was born as third child and the only son of Grigore Sturdza, Lord of Cozmești, Grand Logothete (1758-1833) and his wife, Princess Maria Callimachi (1762-1822), daughter of Gregory Callimachi, reigning Prince of Moldavia. Biography A man of liberal education, he established in Iași, the Academia Mihăileană, the first University in Romania, a institution of higher education, and the precursor of the University of Iași. He brought scholars from foreign countries to act as teachers, and gave a very powerful stimulus to the educational development of the country. In 1844 he decreed the emancipation of the Gypsies, which until then had been treated as slaves and owned by the Church or by private landowners; they had been bought and sold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Moldavia
This is a list of monarchs of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathian Mountains, Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia, it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principalities, Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania. Notes Dynastic rule is hard to ascribe, given the loose traditional definition of the ruling family (on principle, princes were chosen from any branch, including a previous monarch's bastard sons – being defined as ''os de domn'' – "of Hospodar, domn marrow", or as having ''hereghie'' – "heredity" (from the Latin ''hereditas''); the institutions charged with the Elective monarchy, election, dominated by the boyars, had fluctuating degrees of influence). The system itself was challenged by usurpers, and became obsolete with the Phanariotes, Phanariote epoch, when monarchs were appointed by the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Ottoman Dynasty, Sultans. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moldavia
Moldavia (, or ; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia () as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa region , Hertsa. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The Moldavia (region of Romania) , western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Moldova , Republic of Moldova, and the Chernivtsi Oblast , northern and Budjak , southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine. Name and etymology The original and short-lived reference to the region was ''Bogdania'', after Bogdan I, the founding figure of the principality. The name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Focșani
Focșani (; ) is the capital city of Vrancea County in Romania on the banks the river Milcov, in the historical region of Moldavia. , it has a population of 66,719. Geography Focșani lies at the foot of the Curvature Carpathians, at a point of convergence for tectonic geologic faults, which raises the risk of earthquakes in the vicinity. Though Vrancea County is one of the most popular wine-producing regions in Romania, Odobești being just to the northwest, in Romania, Focșani itself is not considered a wine-producing center. The wine sold as ''Weisse von Fokshan'' in Germany and some other European countries is generally a ''Fetească Albă de Odobești'' wine, and practically a second-rated wine which does not comply to the European Union rules of naming the regions of origin of wines. The vicinity is rich in minerals such as iron, copper, coal, and petroleum. The city administers two villages, Mândrești-Moldova and Mândrești-Munteni. Focșani lies within the strate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
