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Maria Carolina, Queen Of Naples And Sicily
Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV and III, who later became King of the Two Sicilies. As ''de facto'' ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her favorite, Sir John Acton, and the expulsion of Spanish influence. She was a proponent of enlightened absolutism until the advent of the French Revolution, when, in order to prevent its ideas gaining currency, she made Naples a police state. Born an archduchess of Austria, the thirteenth child of Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I, Maria Carolina married Ferdinand as part of an Austrian alliance with Spain, of which Ferdinand's father was king. Following the birth of a male heir in 1775, Maria Carolina was admitted to the Privy Counc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archduchess Maria Carolina Of Austria (born 1740)
Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: ''Erzherzog'', feminine form: ''Erzherzogin'') was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within the former Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), which was below that of emperor, and roughly equal to that of king, prince-(arch)bishop, and grand duke, but above that of sovereign prince and duke. The territory ruled by an archduke or archduchess was called an archduchy. All remaining archduchies ceased to exist in 1918. The current head of the House of Habsburg is Karl Habsburg. Terminology The English word is first recorded in 1530, derived from Middle French ', a 15th-century derivation from Medieval Latin ', from Latin ''-'' ( Greek ) meaning "authority" or "primary" (see '' arch-'') and ' "duke" (literally "leader"). "Archduke" (; ) is a title distinct from " Grand Duke" (; ; ; ), a later monarchic title borne by the rulers of oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Anna Of Naples And Sicily
Princess Maria Anna of Naples and Sicily (; 23 November 1775 – 22 February 1780) was a member of the Spanish Royal Family (branched out to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies). Early life Maria Anna was born at the Royal Palace in Naples. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son and ninth child of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was the Archduchess of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptised during the first year of her life. Her full name was ''Maria Anna Giuseppa Antoinette Francesca Gaetana Teresa Amalia Clementina'', her first four names were the same as her mother's eldest sister Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1738-1789). She was born and died while her father was still styled ''Duke of Calabria''. She was then styled '' Princess of Naples and Sicily''. Her older siblings were Maria Theresa, namesake of her grandmo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis I (Francis Stephen; ; ; ; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1745 to 1765, List of rulers of Austria#Dukes and archdukes of Austria under the House of Habsburg, Archduke of Austria from 1740 to 1765, List of kings and dukes of Lorraine#House of Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine and Duchy of Bar, Bar from 1729 to 1737, and List of grand dukes of Tuscany#Habsburg-Lorraine grand dukes of Tuscany, 1737–1801, Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1737 to 1765. He became the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg monarchy, Austria, and Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany through his marriage to his second cousin Maria Theresa of Austria, daughter of Emperor Charles VI. Francis was the last non-Habsburg monarch of the Empire. The couple were the founders of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, and their marriage produced sixteen children. Francis was the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and the French princess Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. Duke Leopo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habsburg-Lorraine
The House of Habsburg-Lorraine () originated from the marriage in 1736 of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, Francis III, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, and Maria Theresa of Habsburg monarchy, Austria, later successively List of Bohemian monarchs, Queen of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary, Queen of Germany, List of rulers of Croatia, Queen of Croatia and Archduchess of Austria, etc. etc. Its members form the legitimate surviving line of both the House of Habsburg and the House of Lorraine, and they inherited their patrimonial possessions from the matrilineality, female line of the House of Habsburg and from the patrilineality, male line of the House of Lorraine. The House of Lorraine's branch of Count of Vaudémont, Vaudémont and House of Guise, Guise became the main branch after a brief interlude in 1453–1473, when the duchy passed in right of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon, Charles de Bourbon's daughter to her husband, John II, Duke of Lorraine, John of Calabria, a Capetian dynasty, Capetian. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Isabelle Of Naples And Sicily
Princess Maria Isabella of Naples and Sicily (2 December 1793 – 23 April 1801) was a member of the House of Bourbon. She was the youngest child and daughter of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife, Maria Carolina of Austria. Biography Maria Isabella was born in Naples, and was named after her paternal aunt Maria Isabel Ana, who died at the age of six in 1749. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria,He became the King of Naples and Sicily in 1759, and became the King of the Two Sicilies in 1816. the third son and ninth child of King Charles III of Spain and Queen Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. Through her mother she was a niece of Marie Antoinette, and also through her father she was a niece of Maria Luisa of Spain and Charles IV of Spain. Her brothers included the future King Francis and Leop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Alberto Of Naples And Sicily
Prince Alberto of Naples and Sicily (Alberto Lodovico Maria Filipo Gaetano; 2 May 1792 – 25 December 1798) was a Prince of Naples and Sicily as the youngest son of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife Maria Carolina of Austria. He died aged six near Palermo, Sicily, during a storm on board , a British Royal Navy warship, whilst his family was fleeing, under the care of Admiral Lord Nelson, from Napoleonic troops approaching Naples. Origins Alberto was a member of the House of Bourbon of Naples, a Prince of Naples and Sicily by birth. He was born in Naples and baptised ''Alberto Lodovico Maria Filipo Gaetano'', the sixteenth child and seventh son of King Ferdinand VI of Naples, by his wife Maria Carolina of Austria, a daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and thus a sister of Marie Antoinette. From his birth he was third in line to the Neapolitan throne after his brothers Prince Francis, Duke of Calabria (later King Francis I of the Two Sicilies), and Prince Leopold, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold, Prince Of Salerno
Leopoldo Giovanni Giuseppe Michele of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno (2 July 1790 – 10 March 1851) was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and a Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. He married Archduchess Clementina of Austria in 1816, and became the Prince of Salerno. Biography Born Leopoldo of Naples and Sicily, he was the sixth son of Ferdinand IV of NaplesLater King of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria, daughter of Maria Theresa of Austria. Marriage and issue Leopold married his niece and double-first cousin once removed Archduchess Clementina of Austria, third surviving daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (later Francis I of Austria) and his sister Maria Teresa of Naples and Sicily, on 28 July 1816 at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Henrietta Of Naples And Sicily
Princess Maria Henrietta of Naples and Sicily (; 31 July 1787 – 10 September 1792) was a member of the House of Bourbon and a princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. She was a daughter of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his first wife, Maria Carolina of Austria. Childhood Maria Henrietta was born at the Palace of Caserta in Naples to Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son of Charles III of Spain, and to Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, daughter Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor Francis I (Francis Stephen; ; ; ; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1745 to 1765, List of rulers of Austria#Dukes and archdukes of Austria under the House of Habsburg, Archduke of Austria from 1740 to 1765, List of .... She was baptized with the name ''Maria Enrichetta Carmel''. Ancestry {{DEFAULTSORT:Maria Henrietta of Naples and Sicily, Princess 1787 births 1792 deaths 18th-century Neapolitan people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Clotilde Of Naples And Sicily
Princess Maria Clotilde of Naples and Sicily (; 18 February 1786 – 10 September 1792) was a member of the House of Bourbon in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. She was styled ''Princess of Naples and Sicily''. Early life Maria Clotilde was born in Naples. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son and ninth child of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was the Archduchess of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptised during the first year of her life. Her full name was ''Maria Clotilda Teresa Amelia Antonietta Giovanna Battista Anna Gaetana Pulcheria''. She was born and died while her father was still styled ''Duke of Calabria''. She was then styled '' Princess of Naples and Sicily''. Her older siblings included Maria Theresa, namesake of her grandmother, born in 1772; Maria Luisa, born in 1773 and Carlo, Duke of Calabria, born in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Maria Antonia Of Naples And Sicily
Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily (14 December 1784 21 May 1806) was the youngest surviving daughter of Ferdinand, King of Naples and Sicily, and Maria Carolina of Austria. As the wife of the future Ferdinand VII of Spain, then heir apparent to the Spanish throne, she held the title of Princess of Asturias. It was rumoured that her mother-in-law, Maria Luisa of Parma caused her death, but there is no evidence to prove this. Early life Born at the Caserta Palace in Caserta, Italy, Maria Antonia was the youngest daughter of King Ferdinand IV/III of Naples and Sicily and his first wife, Maria Carolina of Austria. Named after her mother's favorite sister, her maternal aunt Queen Marie Antoinette of France, she was an intelligent girl, having learned several languages by the age of seventeen . Marriage In a series of dynastic alliances, Maria Antonia became engaged to her first cousin, Infante Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias (who later became King Ferdinand VII of Spain), whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Amalia Of Naples And Sicily
Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily (Maria Amalia Teresa; 26 April 1782 – 24 March 1866) was List of French royal consorts, Queen of the French by marriage to Louis Philippe I, King of the French. She was the last Queen of France. Among her grandchildren were the monarchs Leopold II of Belgium, Carlota of Mexico, Empress Carlota of Mexico, with whom Maria Amalia regularly corresponded while she was in Second Mexican Empire, Mexico, Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, and Mercedes of Orléans, Queen Mercedes of Spain. Early years Maria Amalia was born on 26 April 1782 at the Caserta Palace just outside Naples. She was the tenth of eighteen children of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria. As a young Italian princess, she was educated in the Catholic tradition, which she appears to have taken to heart. Maria Carolina, like her mother, Maria Theresa,Dyson. C.C, ''The Life of Marie Amelie Last Queen of the French, 1782–1866'', BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008, p. 50. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Giuseppe Of Naples And Sicily
Prince Giuseppe of Naples and Sicily (Giuseppe Carlo Gennaro; 18 June 1781 – 19 February 1783) was the first "Prince of Naples and Sicily". The title was later conferred by Joseph Bonaparte to be hereditary on his children and grandchildren. Biography Prince Giuseppe (Joseph) was born at the Royal Palace of Naples to King Ferdinand IV of Naples and his Austrian consort Maria Carolina of Austria, daughter of Empress Maria Theresa. A member of the House of Bourbon, he was a Prince of Naples and Sicily by birth. He was the ninth child of his parents and their fourth son. At the time of his birth, he was third in line to the throne after his brother Prince Francis, ''then'' Duke of Calabria and Prince Gennaro. His oldest brother Carlo, Duke of Calabria (d.1778) died of smallpoxDyson. C.C, ''The Life of Marie Amelie Last Queen of the French, 1782-1866'', BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008, p. 33. aged 3 and the next in line, Francis became heir apparent. His sisters included the fut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
