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Manuel De Jesús Calvar
Manuel de Jesús Calvar y Oduardo, or simply "Titá," was a Cuban military leader and a prominent figure during the Ten Years’ War. He held the rank of major general in the Cuban Liberation Army and briefly served as president of the Cuban Republic in Arms. Early life Titá Calvar was born into a prosperous landowning family in Manzanillo, located in eastern Cuba. Raised in a secure and privileged environment, he received his early education at a local private school. He later pursued higher studies in accounting in Germany, residing for a time in the cities of Hamburg and Bremen. Upon returning to Cuba, Calvar became active in local civic and revolutionary movements. He played a role in establishing a Masonic lodge in his region, part of the Grand Lodge of Cuba, and supported the formation of a revolutionary committee in Bayamo on August 14, 1867. Ten Years' War Cry of la Yara Calvar played a continuous role in the Cuban independence movement and was closely associ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ten Years' War
The Ten Years' War (; 1868–1878), also known as the Great War () and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Little War (Cuba), Little War (1879–1880) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with United States involvement, leading to the Spanish–American War. Background Slavery Cuban bourgeoisie demanded fundamental social and economic reforms from the Monarchy of Spain, Crown. Lax enforcement of the Slavery in colonial Spanish America, slave trade ban had resulted in a dramatic increase in imports of African diaspora, Africans, estimated at 90,000 slaves from 1856 to 1860. This occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abolitionism
Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the political movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world. The first country to fully outlaw slavery was France in 1315, but it was later used in its colonies. The first country to abolish and punish slavery for indigenous people was Spain with the New Laws in 1542. Under the actions of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, chattel slavery has been abolished across Japan since 1590, though other forms of forced labour were used during World War II. The first and only country to self-liberate from slavery was a former French colony, Haiti, as a result of the Revolution of 1791–1804. The British abolitionist movement began in the late 18th century, and the 1772 Somersett case established that slavery did not exist in English law. In 1807, the slave trade was made illegal throughout the British Empire, though existing slaves in British colonies were not liberated until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. In the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exile
Exile or banishment is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suffer exile, but sometimes social entities like institutions (e.g. the Pope, papacy or a Government-in-exile, government) are forced from their homeland. In Roman law, denoted both voluntary exile and banishment as a capital punishment alternative to death. Deportation was forced exile, and entailed the lifelong loss of citizenship and property. Relegation was a milder form of deportation, which preserved the subject's citizenship and property. The term diaspora describes group exile, both voluntary and forced. "Government in exile" describes a government of a country that has relocated and argues its legitimacy from outside that country. Voluntary exile is often depicted as a form of protest by the person who claims it, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuban War Of Independence
The Cuban War of Independence (), also known in Cuba as the Necessary War (), fought from 1895 to 1898, was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Little War (1879–1880). During the war, Spain sent 220,285 soldiers to Cuba—according to the Library of Congress, the largest army to cross the Atlantic until World War II. The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines against Spain. Historians disagree as to the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians. Background During the years 1879–1888 of the so-called "Rewarding Truce", lasting for 17 years from the end of the Ten Years' War in 1878, there were fundament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago De Cuba
Santiago de Cuba is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana. The municipality extends over , and contains the communities of Antonio Maceo, Bravo, Castillo Duany, Daiquirí, El Caney, El Cobre, Cuba, El Cobre, El Cristo, Guilera, Leyte Vidal, Moncada and Siboney, Cuba, Siboney. Historically Santiago de Cuba was the second-most important city on the island after Havana, and remains the second-largest. It is on a bay connected to the Caribbean Sea and an important sea port. In the 2022, the city of Santiago de Cuba recorded a population of 507,167 people. History Santiago de Cuba was the seventh village founded by Spanish conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar on 25 July 1515. The settlement was destroyed by fire in 1516, and was immediately rebuilt. This was the starting point of the expeditions led by Juan de Grijalba and Hernán Cort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loma Pelada
Loma may refer to: Geography United States * Loma, Colorado * Loma, Montana * Loma, Nebraska * Loma, North Dakota Other countries * Loma, Ladakh, a town in Ladakh, India * Loma (woreda), a district in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia * Loma (Jandaha), a village in Vaishali, Bihar, India * Loma Mountains, a mountain range in Sierra Leone Anthropology * Loma people, of Guinea and Liberia * Loma language, spoken by the Loma People * Vasiliy Lomachenko (born 1988), Ukrainian professional boxer * Loma Lookboonmee (born 1996), Thai martial artist Other uses * ''Loma'' (microsporidian), a genus of microsporidians * Loma Records, a 1960s subsidiary of Warner Bros. Records * Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA), a document issued by the National Flood Insurance Program * Life Office Management Association (LOMA), an insurance trade association * Loma Lookboonmee See also *Lota (name) Lota is a Portuguese language, Portuguese feminine given name th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baraguá Constitution
Even before attaining its independence from Spain, Cuba had several constitutions either proposed or adopted by insurgents as governing documents for territory they controlled during their war against Spain. Cuba has had several constitutions since winning its independence. The first constitution since the Cuban Revolution was drafted in 1976 and has since been amended. In 2018, Cuba became engaged in a major revision of its constitution. The current constitution was then enacted in 2019. Early models Events in early 19th-century Spain prompted a general concern with constitutions throughout Spain's overseas possessions. In 1808, both Ferdinand VII of Spain and his predecessor and father, Charles IV of Spain, resigned their claims to the throne in favor of Napoleon Bonaparte, who in turn passed the crown to his brother Joseph Bonaparte. In the ensuing Peninsular War, the Spanish waged a war of independence against the French Empire. On 19 March 1812, the Cortes Generales in refu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oriente Province
Oriente (, "East") was the easternmost province of Cuba until 1976. The term "Oriente" is still used to refer to the eastern part of the country, which currently is divided into five different provinces. The origins of Oriente lie in the 1607 division of Cuba into a western and eastern administration. The eastern part was governed from Santiago de Cuba and it was subordinate to the national government in Havana. In 1807, Cuba was divided into three ''departamentos'': Occidental, Central and Oriental. This arrangement lasted until 1851, when the central department was merged back into the West. In 1878, Cuba was divided into six provinces. Oriente remained intact but was officially renamed to Santiago de Cuba Province until the name was reverted to Oriente in 1905. Fidel and Raúl Castro were born in a small town in Oriente province ( Birán). The province was split in 1976 into five different provinces: Las Tunas Province, Granma Province, Holguín Province, Santiago de Cub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baraguá
Baraguá () is a municipality and town in the Ciego de Ávila Province of Cuba. Its administrative seat is located in the town of Gaspar. Geography The municipality occupies the south-eastern part of the province, and the area is dominated by mangrove. Demographics In 2022, the municipality of Baraguá had a population of 31,361. With a total area of , it has a population density of . See also *Municipalities of Cuba *List of cities in Cuba This is a list of cities in Cuba with at least 20,000 inhabitants, listed in descending order. Population data refers to city proper and not to the whole municipality, because they include large rural areas with several villages. All figu ... * Baraguá Municipal Museum References External links Populated places in Ciego de Ávila Province {{Cuba-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protest Of Baraguá
A protest (also called a demonstration, remonstration, or remonstrance) is a public act of objection, disapproval or dissent against political advantage. Protests can be thought of as acts of cooperation in which numerous people cooperate by attending, and share the potential costs and risks of doing so. Protests can take many different forms, from individual statements to mass political demonstrations. Protesters may organize a protest as a way of publicly making their opinions heard in an attempt to influence public opinion or government policy, or they may undertake direct action in an attempt to enact desired changes themselves. When protests are part of a systematic and peaceful nonviolent campaign to achieve a particular objective, and involve the use of pressure as well as persuasion, they go beyond mere protest and may be better described as civil resistance or nonviolent resistance. Various forms of self-expression and protest are sometimes restricted by government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camagüey
Camagüey () is a city and municipality in central Cuba and is the nation's third-largest city with more than 333,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Camagüey Province. It was founded as Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe in 1514, by Spanish colonists on the northern coast and moved inland in 1528, to the site of a Taino village named Camagüey. It was one of the seven original settlements (''villas'') founded in Cuba by the Spanish. After Henry Morgan Henry Morgan's raid on Puerto del Príncipe, burned the city in the 17th century, it was redesigned like a maze so attackers would find it hard to move around inside the city. The symbol of the city of Camagüey is the clay cooking pot, pot or ''tinajón'', used to capture rain water and keep it fresh. Camagüey is also the birthplace of Ignacio Agramonte (1841), an important figure of the Ten Years' War against Spain. A monument by Italian sculptor Salvatore Buemi, erected in the center of the area to Ignacio Agramonte, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pact Of Zanjón
The Pact of Zanjón ended the Ten Years' War, the armed struggle of Cubans for independence from the Spanish Empire that lasted from 1868 to 1878. On February 10, 1878, a group of negotiators representing the rebels gathered in Zanjón, a village in Camagüey Province, and signed the document offered them by the Spanish commander in Cuba, General Arsenio Martínez Campos, who had arrived in the Spanish colony two years earlier and immediately sought to come to terms with the rebels. The end of hostilities did not represent a military victory for either side, but a recognition by both sides of their "mutual exhaustion". Features The Pact promised that Cuba would have the same status under the Spanish as Puerto Rico, notably some representation in the Spanish parliament. It granted a general amnesty for all political offenses since 1868 and freed from prison all those held for such offenses as well as any Spanish deserters, though leaders once freed would have to leave Cuba. It g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
