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Mangal-Kāvya
Mangal-Kāvya (; '' lit.'' "Poems of Benediction") is a group of Bengali religious texts, composed more or less between 13th and 18th centuries, notably consisting of narratives of indigenous deities of rural Bengal in the social scenario of the Middle Ages. The Mangal-Kāvyas usually give prominence to a particular deity amalgamated with a Vedic or Hindu mythological god and the narratives are usually written in the form of verses. ''Manasā Mangal'', ''Chandī Mangal'' and ''Dharma Mangal'', the three major genus of Mangal-Kāvya tradition include the portrayal of the magnitude of Manasā, Chandī and Dharmathakur respectively. They are considered the greatest among all the native divinities in Bengal. But restraining the accounts of other deities, there are also minor Mangal-Kāvyas known as ''Shivāyana'', ''Kālikā Mangal'', ''Rāya Mangal'', ''Shashtī Mangal'', ''Sītalā Mangal'' and ''Kamalā Mangal'' etc. Each strain is composed by more than one poet or group of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chandimangalkavya
The Chandimangal () is an important subgenre of mangalkavya, the most significant genre of medieval Bengali literature. The texts belonging to this subgenre eulogize ''Chandi'' or ''Abhaya'', primarily a folk goddess, but subsequently identified with Puranic goddess Chandi. This identification was probably completed a few centuries before the earliest composition of the Chandimangalkavya. Most of the texts of this subgenre comprises two unrelated narratives. The narrative of Kalketu and Phullara is known as the ''Akhetik Khanda'' (hunter section), and the narrative of Dhanapati and his wives, Lahana and Khullana is known as the ''Banik Khanda'' (merchant section). Both of these narratives were probably mentioned in a sloka of the Brihaddharma Purana (Bangabasi edition, Uttarkhanda, Ch.16) also. In Mukundaram's work an additional section, ''Deb Khanda'' is found. This section comprises the narratives of Sati (Goddess), Sati and Parvati and has mostly followed the Puranas.Sen, Sukumar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ritual
A ritual is a repeated, structured sequence of actions or behaviors that alters the internal or external state of an individual, group, or environment, regardless of conscious understanding, emotional context, or symbolic meaning. Traditionally associated with gestures, words, or revered objects, rituals also occur in non-human species, such as elephant mourning or corvid object-leaving. They may be prescribed by tradition, including religious practices, and are often characterized by formalism, traditionalism, rule-governance, and performance. Rituals are a feature of all known human societies. They include not only the worship rites and sacraments of organized religions and cults, but also rites of passage, atonement and ritual purification, purification rites, oaths of allegiance, dedication ceremonies, coronations and presidential inaugurations, marriages, funerals and more. Even common actions like handshake, hand-shaking and saying "hello" may be termed as ''rituals''. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symbol
A symbol is a mark, Sign (semiotics), sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, physical object, object, or wikt:relationship, relationship. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "Stop sign, STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerical digit, Numerals are symbols for numbers; Letter (alphabet), letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics. In the arts, Artistic symbol, symbolism is the use of a abstract and concrete, concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a map layout, legend for a ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annada Mangal
''Annada Mangal'' (), or ''Nutan Mangal'' (), is a Bengali language, Bengali narrative poem in three parts by Bharatchandra Ray, written in 1752–53. It eulogizes Hinduism, Hindu goddess Annapurna (goddess), Annapurna, a form of Parvati, worshipped in Bengal. It is the only poem in the medieval Mangalkavya tradition that does not create a separate subgenre, as no other poet ever ventured to praise Annapurna in their works. ''Annada Mangal'' is divided into three Books: ''Annada Mangal'' or ''Annada Mahatmya'', ''Bidya Sundar'' or ''Kalika Mangal'' and ''Mansingh'' or ''Annapurna Mangal''. ''Annada Mangal'' or ''Annada Mahatmya'' has three separate narratives. The first narrative describes the stories of Shiva and Dakshayani, the birth of Parvati, the marriage of Shiva and Parvati, the founding of Varanasi and Parvati's staying in Varanasi as Annapoorna devi, Annapurna. The second narrative describe Vyasa's attempt to found Vyasakashi and his subsequent failure while the third na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharmamangalkavya
The Dharmamangal () is an important subgenre of mangalkavya, with narratives of local deities of rural Bengal, the most significant genre of medieval Bengali literature. The texts belonging to this subgenre eulogize Dharmathakur, a folk deity worshipped in the Rarh region of Bengal. According to tradition, the earliest poet of ''Dharmamangal'' was Mayura Bhatta. The Dharmamangal texts were meant for singing during the twelve-day ritual ceremony, known as '' Gajan''. These texts are part of a larger group of texts associated with the worship of Dharma. In addition to the ''Dharmamangal'' texts, this larger group includes a number of works known as the ''Dharmapuran''s, which narrate the story of creation and the liturgical works known as the ''Samjatpaddhati''s.Sen, Sukumar (1991, reprint 2007). ''Bangala Sahityer Itihas'', Vol.II, , Kolkata: Ananda Publishers, , pp.110-79 ''Dharmamangal'' The texts of the ''Dharmamangal'' comprise two narratives, * the narrative of the Puranic king ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandir
A Hindu temple, also known as Mandir, Devasthanam, Pura, or Kovil, is a sacred place where Hindus worship and show their devotion to deities through worship, sacrifice, and prayers. It is considered the house of the god to whom it is dedicated.; Quote: "The Hindu temple is designed to bring about contact between man and the gods of Hinduism religion" (...) "The architecture of the Hindu temple symbolically represents this quest by setting out to dissolve or decrease the boundaries between man and the divine". Hindu temple architecture, which makes extensive use of squares and circles, has its roots in later Vedic traditions, which also influence the temples' construction and symbolism. Through astronomical numbers and particular alignments connected to the temple's location and the relationship between the deity and the worshipper, the temple's design also illustrates the idea of recursion and the equivalency of the macrocosm and the microcosm. A temple incorporates all ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiva
Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, [mɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh]) and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hinduism. Shiva is known as ''The Destroyer'' within the Trimurti, the Hinduism, Hindu trinity which also includes Brahma and Vishnu. In the Shaivite tradition, Shiva is the Supreme Lord who creates, protects and transforms the universe. In the goddess-oriented Shaktism, Shakta tradition, the Supreme Goddess (Devi) is regarded as the energy and creative power (Shakti) and the equal complementary partner of Shiva. Shiva is one of the five equivalent deities in Panchayatana puja of the Smarta Tradition, Smarta tradition of Hinduism. Shiva has many aspects, benevolent as well as fearsome. In benevolent aspects, he is depicted as an Omniscience, omniscient yogi who lives an Asceticism#Hinduism, ascetic life on Kailasa as well as a house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majilpur
Jaynagar Majilpur () is a city and a municipality of South 24 Parganas, South 24 Parganas district in the Indian States and union territories of India, state of West Bengal. It is situated in the southern suburbs of Kolkata. As an urban setup in the vicinity of Kolkata, the city is within the area of Kolkata metropolitan area, Greater Kolkata. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). The city is famous for its confectionery called ''Jaynagarer Moa''. Etymology Jaynagar is an ancient settlement. The name of Jaynagar comes from the name of the local goddess ''Chandi, Joychandi'', from which the city derived the name, ''Joychanditala''. Over time it became ''Joychandinagar'' and then ''Joynagar'' or ''Jaynagar''. Another ancient settlement is Majilpur. The etymology of the name is an interesting one. Originally the Ganges would flow over where the city is, but slowly it started silting down. This silting is called ''Moje Jaoa'' in Beng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhajan
Bhajan is an Indian term for any devotional song with a religious theme or spiritual ideas, specifically among Dharmic religions, in any language. The term bhajanam (Sanskrit: भजनम्) means ''reverence'' and originates from the root word ''bhaj'' (Sanskrit: भज्), which means ''to revere'', as in 'Bhaja Govindam' (''Revere Govinda'')''. ''The term bhajana also means ''sharing''. The term bhajan is also commonly used to refer to a group event, with one or more lead singers, accompanied with music, and sometimes dancing. Normally, bhajans are accompanied by percussion instruments such as ''tabla'', dholak or a tambourine. Handheld small cymbals (''kartals'') are also commonly used to maintain the beat. A bhajan may be sung in a temple, in a home, under a tree in the open, near a river bank or a place of historic significance.Anna King, John Brockington, ''The Intimate Other: Love Divine in Indic Religions'', Orient Longman 2005, p 179. A group of bhajan performers m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poem
Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in place of, Denotation, literal or surface-level meanings. Any particular instance of poetry is called a poem and is written by a poet. Poets use a variety of techniques called poetic devices, such as assonance, alliteration, Phonaesthetics#Euphony and cacophony, euphony and cacophony, onomatopoeia, rhythm (via metre (poetry), metre), and sound symbolism, to produce musical or other artistic effects. They also frequently organize these effects into :Poetic forms, poetic structures, which may be strict or loose, conventional or invented by the poet. Poetic structures vary dramatically by language and cultural convention, but they often use Metre (poetry), rhythmic metre (patterns of syllable stress or syllable weight, syllable (mora) weight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
