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Madang Languages
The Madang or Madang–Adelbert Range languages are a language family of Papua New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of Trans–New Guinea by Stephen Wurm, followed by Malcolm Ross. William A. Foley concurs that it is "highly likely" that the Madang languages are part of TNG, although the pronouns, the usual basis for classification in TNG, have been "replaced" in Madang. Timothy Usher finds that Madang is closest to the Upper Yuat River languages and other families to its west, but does not for now address whether this larger group forms part of the TNG family. The family is named after Madang Province and the Adelbert Range. History Sidney Herbert Ray identified the Rai Coast family in 1919. In 1951 these were linked with the Mabuso languages by Arthur Capell to create his Madang family. John Z'graggen (1971, 1975) expanded Madang to languages of the Adelbert Range and renamed the family Madang–Adelbert Range, and Stephen Wurm (1975) adopted this as a bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. It has Indonesia–Papua New Guinea border, a land border with Indonesia to the west and neighbours Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. Its capital, on its southern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest list of island countries, island country, with an area of . The nation was split in the 1880s between German New Guinea in the North and the Territory of Papua, British Territory of Papua in the South, the latter of which was ceded to Australia in 1902. All of present-day Papua New Guinea came under Australian control following World War I, with the legally distinct Territory of New Guinea being established out of the former German colony as a League of Nations mandate. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahman Languages
The Brahman languages, Biyom and Tauya, form a subbranch of the Rai Coast branch of the Madang languages of Papua New Guinea. The family is named after the cattle station and town of Brahman, which lies between the territories of the two languages. Genetic relations John Z'graggen (1971, 1975) classified four languages as Brahman, Biyom, Faita, Isabi, Tauya. , in the 15th edition of ''Ethnologue'' Ross (2005) broke up Brahman, placing Faita among the (another sub-branch of Madang) and Isabi among the unrelated |
Sirva Language
Sirva, or Sileibi, is a Papuan language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n .... Phonology Vowels References Sogeram languages Languages of Madang Province {{Madang-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dumpu Language
Watiwa is a Rai Coast language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken by some 500 people living in six villages in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, including Bebei () and Dumpu () villages of Usino Rural LLG. It is more commonly known as Dumpu, but this is the name of one of the six villages, and is not accepted as a name for the language. Surviving mostly as a secret language with which to talk amongst themselves when outsiders are present, the majority of the speakers use Tok Pisin Tok Pisin ( ,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student's Handbook'', Edinburgh ; ), often referred to by English speakers as New Guinea Pidgin or simply Pidgin, is an English-based creole languages, English creole language spoken throughou ... in daily life. Due to its increasingly rare use, it is estimated that this language will be extinct in a few decades. References Rai Coast languages Languages of Madang Province Endangered Papuan languages {{Madang-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Northern Adelbert
The Northern Adelbert or Pihom–Isumrud languages are a family of twenty languages in the Madang stock of New Guinea. The occupy the coastal northern Adelbert Range of mountains directly opposite Karkar Island, as opposed to the Southern Adelbert languages, another branch of Madang. Malcolm Ross posited a " linkage" connecting the Northern Adelbert languages with the Mabuso languages, and named this group Croisilles , as the two families bracket Cape Croisilles (Northern Adelbert to the north, Mabuso to the south). However, Ross never claimed Croisilles was an actual language family, and other researchers have rejected the connection. Languages There are approximately 20 Northern Adelbert languages. Below is a comparison of Northern Adelbert language names in Pick (2020) and Z'graggen (1980). A few alternate names from Capell (1952) are also given. Classification Croisilles was first posited by Malcolm Ross (1995), not as an actual language family, but as a linkage. It w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pay Language
Mala, or Pay, is a Papuan language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n .... References Kaukombaran languages Languages of Papua New Guinea {{Madang-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garuh Language
Nobonob (Nobanob, Nobnob), also known as Butelkud-Guntabak or Garuh (cf. closely related Garus language, Garus), is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea. The language is expanding slightly. Ari (Ati, A’i) is a dialect. Phonology Vowels (orthographic) Consonants (orthographic) External links * Materials on Nobonob are included in the open access collectionAC1anCVL1held by Paradisec. References Hanseman languages Languages of Madang Province {{Madang-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metathesis (linguistics)
Metathesis ( ; from Greek , from "to put in a different order"; Latin: ''transpositio'') is the transposition of sounds or syllables in a word or of words in a sentence. Most commonly, it refers to the interchange of two or more contiguous segments or syllables, known as adjacent metathesis or local metathesis: * ''anemone'' > ''**anenome'' (onset consonants of adjacent syllables) * ''cavalry'' > ''**calvary'' (codas of adjacent syllables) Metathesis may also involve interchanging non-contiguous sounds, known as nonadjacent metathesis, long-distance metathesis, or hyperthesis, as shown in these examples of metathesis sound change from Latin to Spanish: * Latin > Spanish "word" * Latin > Spanish "miracle" * Latin > Spanish "danger, peril" * Latin > Spanish "crocodile" Many languages have words that show this phenomenon, and some even use it as a regular part of their grammar, such as Hebrew and Fur. The process of metathesis has altered the shape of many familiar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalam Language
Kalam is a Kalam language of Papua New Guinea. It is closely related to Kobon, and shares many of the features of that language. Kalam is spoken in Middle Ramu District of Madang Province and in Mount Hagen District of Western Highlands Province. Thanks to decades of studies by anthropologists such as Ralph Bulmer and others, Kalam is one of the best-studied Trans-New Guinea languages to date. Dialects There are two distinct dialects of Kalam that are highly distinguishable from each other. *, with 20,000 speakers, is centered in the Upper Kaironk and Upper Simbai Valleys. *, with 5,000 speakers is centered in the Asai Valley. It includes the Tai variety. Kobon is closely related. Kalam has an elaborate pandanus avoidance register used during karuka harvest that has been extensively documented. The Kalam pandanus language, called (pandanus language) or (avoidance language), is also used when eating or cooking cassowary. Phonology Consonants Vowels Evolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaganon Languages
The Yaganon languages are a small language family, family of closely related languages in New Guinea. They were linked with the Rai Coast languages in 1951 by Arthur Capell in his Madang languages, Madang family, but separated out again by Timothy Usher. The family is named after the Yaganon River. Languages Along with Wasembo language, Wasembo, the Yaganon languages form the East branch of the Madang language family. *East Madang **Wasembo language, Wasembo **Yaganon River: Ganglau language, Ganglau, Saep language, Saep, Yabong language, Yabong Dumun language, Dumun is apparently also Yaganon, and the extinct Bai language of Miklucho-Maclay, Bai-Maclay may have been related to Dumun. References {{Madang languages Yaganon languages, Languages of Papua New Guinea East Madang languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasembo Language
Wasembo, also known as ''Biapim'', ''Gusap'', and ''Yankowan'', is a Madang language spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Usher classifies it as being closest to the Yaganon languages The Yaganon languages are a small language family, family of closely related languages in New Guinea. They were linked with the Rai Coast languages in 1951 by Arthur Capell in his Madang languages, Madang family, but separated out again by Timothy .... References External linksRosetta Project: Wasembo Swadesh list East Madang languages Languages of Madang Province {{Madang-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |