|
MODCA
MO:DCA (Mixed Object:Document Content Architecture) is an IBM compound document format for text and graphics elements in a document. The 'Mixed Object' refers to the fact that an MO:DCA file can contain multiple types of objects, including text, images, vector graphics, and barcodes. Overview MO:DCA supports Revisable Documents, which are editable like revisable-form text, Presentation Documents, which provide specific output formatting similar to final-form text, and Resource Documents, which hold control information such as fonts. An MO:DCA file consists of a sequential, ordered hierarchy of independent objects - documents, pages, data objects, and resource objects such as fonts and ICC profiles. Each object is delimited by begin/end structures, and objects to be rendered specify presentation parameters and resource requirements in structures called "environment groups". Since the pages in MO:DCA documents appear in sequential order, presentation can start as soon as the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Document Content Architecture
Document Content Architecture, or DCA for short, is a standard developed by IBM for text documents in the early 1980s. DCA was used on mainframe and IBM i systems, and formed the basis of DisplayWrite's file format. DCA was later extended as MO:DCA (Mixed Object Document Content Architecture), which added embedded data files. The original purpose of DCA was to provide a common document format that could be used across multiple IBM word processing platforms, such as the IBM PC, IBM mainframes, the Displaywriter System, and the IBM 5520 Administrative System. DCA defines two types of documents: * ''Revisable-Form Text'' (DCA/RFT) which is editable. * ''Final-Form Text'' (DCA/FFT) which is "formatted for a particular output device and cannot be changed." Description DCA defines a data stream representing a document. MO:DCA is the wrapper or container for various ''objects'' that can make up the document. Each object is defined by its own subordinate architecture. The archit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advanced Function Presentation
Advanced Function Presentation (AFP) is a presentation architecture and family of associated printer software and hardware that provides for document and information presentation independent of specific applications and devices. Using AFP, users can control formatting, the form of paper output, whether a document is to be printed or viewed online, and manage document storage and access in a distributed network across multiple operating system platforms. AFP is primarily used in large enterprises for production variable data printing (VDP). AFP applications allow users or print room operators to distribute print jobs among a group of printers and to designate backup printers when one fails. AFP is considered to be a "cornerstone" of electronic document management (EDM) applications such as print-and-view, archive and retrieval, and enterprise report management (ERM). History AFP was originally developed by IBM as a general purpose document and information presentation architectu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compound Document
In computing, a compound document is a document that “combines multiple document formats, either by reference, by inclusion, or both.” Compound documents are often produced using word processing software, and may include text and non-text elements such as barcodes, spreadsheets, pictures, digital videos, digital audio, and other multimedia features. Compound document technologies are commonly utilized on top of a software componentry framework, but the idea of software componentry includes several other concepts apart from compound documents, and software components alone do not enable compound documents. Well-known technologies for compound documents include: * ActiveX Documents *Bonobo by Ximian (primarily used by GNOME) *KParts in KDE * Mixed Object Document Content Architecture *Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) *Object linking and embedding (OLE) by Microsoft; see Compound File Binary Format *Open Document Architecture from ITU-T (not used) *OpenDoc by IBM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM Intelligent Printer Data Stream (IPDS)
Intelligent Printer Data Stream (IPDS) is InfoPrint Solution Company's Systems Application Architecture host-to-printer data stream for Advanced Function Presentation subsystems. It provides an attachment-independent interface for controlling and managing all points addressable (APA) printers that allows the presentation of pages containing an architecturally unlimited mixture of different data types, including text, image, graphics, bar code and object container. It is used by a variety of InfoPrint and OEM print servers that drive all points addressable (APA) page printers. Generally these printers are at the medium to high end of the print speed and volume spectrum. "One of the strengths of IPDS is that independent applications can create source data for each data block. The output of these independent applications is merged at the printer to create an integrated mixed data page." The IPDS architecture allows for both spooled data and print job management to flow bidirectionally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Image File Format
An Image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency. Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence-accommodation conflict. Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization. Image file sizes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Document File Format
A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing documents on a storage media, especially for use by computers. There currently exist a multitude of incompatible document file formats. Examples of XML-based open standards are DocBook, XHTML, and, more recently, the ISO/ IEC standards OpenDocument (ISO 26300:2006) and Office Open XML (ISO 29500:2008). In 1993, the ITU-T tried to establish a standard for document file formats, known as the Open Document Architecture (ODA) which was supposed to replace all competing document file formats. It is described in ITU-T documents T.411 through T.421, which are equivalent to ISO 8613. It did not succeed. Page description languages such as PostScript and PDF have become the ''de facto'' standard for documents that a typical user should only be able to create and read, not edit. In 2001, a series of ISO/ IEC standards for PDF began to be published, including the specification for PDF itself, ISO-32000. HTML is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MST Viewer
The Master of Studies or Master in Studies (M.St. or MSt; ) is a postgraduate degree at the University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, University of St Andrews, the Australian National University, University of Dublin and the University of Newcastle (Australia). Depending on the degree, it is comparable to the Master of Arts, Master of Business Administration, Master of Laws, Master of Philosophy, and Master of Science. Its creation was necessitated, in part, by the fact that the Master of Arts degree at Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin is automatically awarded to graduates after a certain period of time. In contrast, the Master of Studies requires completion of classroom study and a thesis. See also * British degree abbreviations * Master's degree in Europe * Master of Studies in Law * Master of Philosophy The Master of Philosophy (MPhil; Latin ' or ') is a postgraduate degree. In the United States, an MPhil typically includes a taught portion and a significant research port ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM DisplayWrite
DisplayWrite (sometimes written as Displaywrite) was a word processor software application that IBM developed and marketed for the IBM PC and PCjr. It was among the company's first internally developed, commercially sold PC software titles. DisplayWrite's feature set was based on the IBM Displaywriter System, a dedicated microcomputer-based word processing machine. Because the two systems were so similar, an experienced Displaywriter user could start using DisplayWrite immediately. Versions DisplayWrite/PC For the Intel platform there were DisplayWrite versions for PC/MS-DOS and DisplayWrite 5/2 programmed under OS/2. DisplayWrite/36 DisplayWrite/36 was the word processing component of IBM Office/36, which allowed an office to use the SQL-based database file for labels and form letters. DisplayWrite/370 DisplayWrite/370, a much more powerful version with full graphics and WYSIWYG support, was supported for IBM zSeries mainframe computers until May 2015. (see IBM Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphics File Formats
An Image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency. Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence-accommodation conflict. Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization. Image file sizes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing as applied to paper was woodblock printing, which appeared in China before 220 AD for cloth printing. However, it would not be applied to paper until the seventh century.Shelagh Vainker in Anne Farrer (ed), "Caves of the Thousand Buddhas", 1990, British Museum publications, Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 AD and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses. History Woodblock printing Wood ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
